API GatewyとS3で作るサーバレス・スタブ

by masa_charcoal (masachaco)

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API Gateway ͱ S3Ͱ࡞Δ αʔόϨεɾελϒAPI

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ࣗݾ঺հ HN:·ͪ͞Ό͜ • ۂͱ͔࡞ΔϓϩάϥϚ ܥ SIer • ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠ: Java / node.js • αʔόαΠυΞϓϦɺεϚʔτεϐʔΧʔΞϓϦͷ։ൃ • ٶͪΌΜͷসإۦಈ։ൃ • χίχίಈըͰϛΫ͞ΜୡͷۂΛެ։தʂ • Twitter • @masachaco • Web Site • http://lamnic.com/ • GitHub • https://github.com/masachaco • SoundCloud • https://soundcloud.com/masa_charcoal • niconico • https://www.nicovideo.jp/mylist/11613193

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એ఻

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ΞδΣϯμ ɾ͋Δ͋Δࣄྫͱɺ΍Γ͍ͨ͜ͱ ɾͬ͘͟ΓɺAPI GatewayͱS3ͱ͸ ɾAPI GatewayΛͬ͘͟Γ঺հ ɾͭͬͯ͘ΈΔ ɾվྑ͢ΔͳΒ ɾ·ͱΊ

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͋Δ͋Δࣄྫ

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͋Δ͋Δࣄྫ ɾREST APIͰ࿈ܞ͢ΔγεςϜΛ࡞Γ͍ͨ ɾෳ਺ͷγεςϜΛಉ࣌ฒߦ։ൃ ɹ։ൃ͍͚ͨ͠Ͳ࿈ܞઌͷAPI͕ະ׬੒ ɹ։ൃ׬ྃ·Ͱͷ଴͕ͪൃੜɾɾɾɾ

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͋Δ͋Δࣄྫ ɾͳΒελϒΛ࡞ͬͯ։ൃΛਐΊΑ͏ʂ ɹελϒαʔόͲ͏͠Α͏ʁ ɹελϒͷ࣮૷͕େมɾɾɾ ɹHTTPSͰςετ͍ͨ͠ɾɾɾɾ

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΍Γ͍ͨ͜ͱ

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΍Γ͍ͨ͜ͱ ɾLambdaΛ࢖Θͣʹ ɾαʔόϨεͰ ɾHTTPSʹରԠͨ͠ ɾREST APIελϒΛ ɾͰ͖Δָ͚ͩʹ࡞Γ͍ͨ

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׬੒Πϝʔδ

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Amazon API Gateway ։ൃαʔό ελϒϨεϙϯε1 ελϒϨεϙϯε2 ελϒϨεϙϯε3 Amazon S3 ׬੒Πϝʔδ ։ൃαʔό͕ϦΫΤε τΛ౤͛Δͱ

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Amazon API Gateway ։ൃαʔό ελϒϨεϙϯε1 ελϒϨεϙϯε2 ελϒϨεϙϯε3 Amazon S3 ׬੒Πϝʔδ "1*(BUFXBZ͕ ϦΫΤετͷύε΍ΫΤϦ΍ϔομΛݩʹɺϨε ϙϯε͢Δελϒͷ಺༰Λ4͔Βऔಘɻ ࠓճ͸؆୯ʹύε͚ͩͰ੾Γସ͑ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹ

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Amazon API Gateway ։ൃαʔό ελϒϨεϙϯε1 ελϒϨεϙϯε2 ελϒϨεϙϯε3 Amazon S3 ׬੒Πϝʔδ 4͔Βऔಘͨ͠ϑΝΠϧΛݩʹ Ϩεϙϯεϔομͱ ϨεϙϯεϘσΟΛ ࡞੒ͯ͠Ϩεϙϯε͢Δ

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͜Μͳײ͡ͷURLͷ APIΛ࡞Γ·͢ https://(API GWͷURL)/Ϩεϙϯεఆ͕ٛهड़͞ΕͨϑΝΠϧ໊ ɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ! ྫɿ https://apigateway/ex/API_1 ɾ https://(API GWͷURL)/ex/API_1 ʹΞΫηε͢Δͱɺ ɾ S3͔Βɺʮex/API_1.jsonʯͱ͍͏ϑΝΠϧΛ͖࣋ͬͯͯ ɾ ͦͷJSONϑΝΠϧʹॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ಺༰Λݩʹ ɾ ΫϥΠΞϯτʹϨεϙϯεΛ͢Δʂ

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ͬ͘͟Γ API Gatewayͷ͘͠Έ

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Amazon API Gatewayͱ͸ AWS্ͰAPIͷ࡞੒ͱɺ؅ཧ͕ߦ͑ΔαʔϏεɻ ࡞੒ͨ͠APIʹϦΫΤετ͢Δͱɺ AWSͷଞαʔϏεͱ࿈ಈͤͯ͞ɺଞαʔϏεͷॲཧ݁ՌΛ APIͷϨεϙϯεͱͯ͠ฦ͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ

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API Λ࡞੒ͯ͠

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APIͷΤϯυϙΠϯτΛ࡞੒ ͜͜ ྫ͑͹ https://API GWͷURL/hoge/piyo ͷΑ͏ͳύε͕ΤϯυϙΠϯτ

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ϦΫΤετ͔Βड͚औΔ ύϥϝʔλ΍ɺϔομɺϘσΟͷ಺༰Λઃఆ ͜͜

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ड͚औͬͨϦΫΤετΛɺ ଞAWSͷαʔϏεͳͲ΁ͷϦΫΤετʹϚοϐϯά ͜͜

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ϦΫΤετΛݩʹ ଞAWSͷαʔϏεͳͲʹॲཧͤͯ͞ ͜͜

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ଞAWSͷαʔϏεͳͲͷॲཧ݁ՌΛɺ ΫϥΠΞϯτʹฦ͢Ϩεϙϯεεςʔλεɾ Ϩεϙϯε ϔομɾϨεϙϯεϘσΟͳͲʹϚοϐϯά ͜͜

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͜ͷAPI ͕ͲΜͳϨεϙϯεϔομ΍ ϨεϙϯεBodyΛฦ͔͢ͷఆٛɻ ͦΕΛݩʹɺΫϥΠΞϯτʹϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢ ͜͜

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࡞ͬͯΈΔ

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API Λ࡞੒ ɾProtocol : REST ɾ৽͍͠API ɾAPI໊ɿstub-api ɾΤϯυϙΠϯτλΠϓ:Ϧʔδϣϯ (VPCݶఆެ։ͷ৔߹͸ϓϥΠϕʔτ)

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APIͷΤϯυϙΠϯτΛ࡞੒ ΞΫγϣϯˠʮϦιʔεͷ࡞੒ʯΛબ୒ɻ ʮϓϩΩγϦιʔεͱͯ͠ઃఆʯΛબ୒ɻ ϓϩΩγϦιʔεͱͯ͠ઃఆ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺ ΤϯυϙΠϯτ͝ͱʹઃఆΛ࡞੒͠ͳͯ͘΋ྑ͍ɻ

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౷߹λΠϓͷઃఆ ޙ΄Ͳ͜͜͸ઃఆมߋ͢ΔͷͰɺద౰ɻ HTTPϓϩΩγͰɺΤϯυϙΠϯτ URLΛ ࣗ෼ͷαΠτͳͲʹ͓ͯ͘͠ɻ

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౷߹ϦΫΤετͷઃఆ ϦΫΤετͷ޲͖ઌΛS3ʹઃఆ͢Δɻ ʮ౷߹ϦΫΤετʯΛબ୒ ͜͜

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Amazon API Gateway ։ൃαʔό ex/API_A.json ex/API_B.json ex/API_C.json Amazon S3 ϦΫΤετΠϝʔδ )551.FUIPE1045 ྫɿIUUQT"1*(8ͷ63-FY"1*@"

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Amazon API Gateway ։ൃαʔό ex/API_A.json ex/API_B.json ex/API_C.json Amazon S3 ϦΫΤετΠϝʔδ )551.FUIPE(&5 ྫɿIUUQT 4ͷ63- TUVC@FYBNQMFFY"1*@"KTPO

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౷߹ϦΫΤετͷઃఆ API Gateway͔ΒɺS3΁ͷϦΫΤετʹม׵͢Δɻ API Gateway΁ͷϦΫΤετΛɺ S3΁ͷϦΫΤετʹϚοϐϯά͍ͯ͘͠ɻ

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౷߹ϦΫΤετͷઃఆ "84αʔϏεΛબ୒ ࡞੒ͨ͠4όέοτͷϦʔδϣϯ 4Λબ୒ 4ʹ"1*(8͔Β(&5ϝιουͰ ϦΫΤετ͢Δͱ ࢦఆͨ͠ϑΝΠϧ͕औಘͰ͖Δ

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౷߹ϦΫΤετͷઃఆ "1*(BUFXBZ΁ͷϦΫΤετύε FY"1*@ ͕ɺ ʮQSPYZ@QBSBNʯͱ͍͏ม਺ʹೖ͍ͬͯΔɻ ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹʮTUVCFYBNQMF\QSPYZ@QBSBN^KTPOʯͱઃఆ͢Δͱ "1*(BUFXBZ͕ʮTUVCFYBNQMFʯͱ͍͏4όέοτ͔Β \QSPYZ@QBSBN^KTPOͱ͍͏ϑΝΠϧΛ࣋ͬͯ͘ΔΑ͏ʹϦΫΤετ͢Δɻ 4ʹΞΫηεݖͷ͋ΔϩʔϧΛࢦఆ

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URLύεύϥϝʔλͷઃఆ ໊લɿQSPYZ@QBSBN ϚοϐϯάݩɿNFUIPESFRVFTUQBUIQSPYZ API Gateway΁ͷϦΫΤετύε͕ɺ ઌ΄Ͳઃఆͨ͠ʮproxy_paramʯʹ Ϛοϐϯά͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹઃఆ͢Δɻ

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ϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧͷ࡞੒ S3ʹஔ͘ɺϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒͢Δɻ ϑΝΠϧ໊ɿAPI_1.json

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ϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧͷ࡞੒ S3ʹஔ͘ɺϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒͢Δɻ "1*(BUFXBZ͕ΫϥΠΞϯτʹฦ͢εςʔλε ϑΝΠϧ໊ɿAPI_1.json

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ϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧͷ࡞੒ S3ʹஔ͘ɺϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒͢Δɻ ΫϥΠΞϯτʹฦ͢Ϩεϙϯεϔομ ϑΝΠϧ໊ɿAPI_1.json

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ϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧͷ࡞੒ S3ʹஔ͘ɺϨεϙϯεఆٛϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒͢Δɻ ΫϥΠΞϯτʹฦ͢ϨεϙϯεϘσΟ ϑΝΠϧ໊ɿAPI_1.json

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S3όέοτΛ࡞ͬͯ όέοτ໊ʮstub-exampleʯͰ࡞੒ɻ

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S3ʹϨεϙϯεఆٛΛஔ͘ exσΟϨΫτϦʹɺ࡞੒ͨ͠API_1ϑΝΠϧΛஔ͘

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౷߹Ϩεϙϯεͷઃఆ S3ͷϑΝΠϧͷ಺༰ΛɺΫϥΠΞϯτ޲͚ͷ Ϩεϙϯεʹม׵͢Δɻ ͜͜

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౷߹Ϩεϙϯεͷઃఆ ϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτˠ application/json Λબ୒͠ɺϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτ (S3ͷ಺༰ΛϨεϙϯεʹϚοϐϯά͢Δఆٛ)Λ௥Ճɻ

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Apache VTL (Apache Velocity Template Language) Ͱهड़͢ΔϦΫΤετɾϨεϙϯεͷςϯϓϨʔτɻ ϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτ Amazon API Gateway ։ൃαʔό Amazon S3 "1*(BUFXBZ͔Βଞ"84αʔϏε΁ͷ ϦΫΤετ΍ɺ "1*(BUFXBZ͔ΒɺΫϥΠΞϯτ΁ͷϨεϙϯεΛ ϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτͰఆٛ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ

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• S3͔Βड৴ͨ͠ϑΝΠϧͷ಺༰ΛݩʹϨεϙϯεϔομʹઃఆ ͢Δ • S3͔Βड৴ͨ͠಺༰ΛݩʹɺϨεϙϯεϘσΟΛઃఆ͢Δ • If ΍ for΋࢖͑Δ • etc.. (࣮͸S3΁ͷϦΫΤετʹ΋ϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτ͸࢖͑Δ) ※ৄ͘͠͸ެࣜϦϑΝϨϯεΛࢀߟ ■API Gateway ͷϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτϦϑΝϨϯε  https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/apigateway/latest/ developerguide/api-gateway-mapping-template-reference.html ϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτͰɺͰ͖Δ͜ͱ

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ϚοϐϯάςϯϓϨʔτͷઃఆྫ ࢀߟɿS3ʹஔ͍ͨjsonϑΝΠϧ

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ϝιουϨεϙϯεͷઃఆ S3ͷϑΝΠϧͷ಺༰ΛɺΫϥΠΞϯτ޲͚ͷ Ϩεϙϯεʹม׵͢Δɻ ͜͜

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ϝιουϨεϙϯεͷઃఆ HTTPͷεςʔλε200Λ௥Ճɺ ίϯςϯπλΠϓʹɺapplication/json ϞσϧɿEmptyΛબ୒

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API ΛσϓϩΠ͢Δ

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APIͷσϓϩΠ ΞΫγϣϯ͔ΒɺʮAPIͷσϓϩΠʯΛબ୒ ৽͍͠εςʔδΛબ୒ͯ͠ɺεςʔδ໊ΛʮstubʯͰσϓϩΠɻ ※εςʔδ໊ɿσϓϩΠ؀ڥ໊ͷ୯Ґ

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APIͷσϓϩΠ εςʔδˠ stubΛબ୒͢Δͱɺ σϓϩΠ͞Εͨ APIͷURL͕දࣔ͞ΕΔͷͰɺ S3ʹஔ͍ͨɺʮex/API_1ʯͷελϒʹΞΫηεͯ͠ΈΔɻ

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curlͰ࣮ߦ $ curl -X POST https://XXXXXXXXX.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/stub/ex/API_1 —verbose !Ϩεϙϯε < HTTP/2 404 < date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 10:06:15 GMT < content-type: application/json < content-length: 15 < x-amzn-requestid: XXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX < x-example-header-1: Header Value 1 < x-example-header-2: Header Value 2 < x-amz-apigw-id: XXXXXXXXXXXX < x-amzn-trace-id: XXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX < {"key1":"val1"} ࢀߟɿS3ʹஔ͍ͨjsonϑΝΠϧ

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Ͱ͖ͨ

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·ͱΊ • LambdaΛ࢖ΘͣʹελϒΛ࡞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͨ • jsonϑΝΠϧΛ௥Ճ͢Ε͹ྑ͍ͷͰɺ୭Ͱ΋ελϒ Λ௥Ճ͠΍͍͢ • API Gateway͸σϑΥϧτͰHTTPSͳͷͰɺಛʹख ΛՃ͑Δඞཁ͕ͳָ͘

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͝੩ௌ ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ

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ิ଍/Appendix

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ิ଍ • ΫϥΠΞϯτͷϦΫΤετΫΤϦ΍ɺϔομਓج͍ͮͯɺελϒͷϨε ϙϯεΛ੾Γସ͑Δʹ͸ɺผ్ϦΫΤετͷϚοϐϯάͷ௥Ճɾมߋ ͕ඞཁ  • ը૾΍όΠφϦϑΝΠϧΛฦ͢ʹ͸΋͏Ұखؒඞཁ • (ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔ΒͷϦΫΤετϔομʹAcceptϔομͷ௥Ճɺ· ͨ͸ɺLambda͕ඞཁ)  • खͷࠐΜͩϦΫΤετɾϨεϙϯεϚοϐϯάΛ͚ͤͨ͞Ε͹ɺ Lambdaͱ࿈ܞͯ͠ελϒϑΝΠϧͱϚοϐϯάͤͨ͞ํָ͕ͦ͏  • ࣾ಺ͳͲVPC಺͚ͩʹެ։͍ͨ͠৔߹͸ɺϓϥΠϕʔτλΠϓͰAWI GWΛ࡞੒ͯ͠ɺVPCΤϯυϙΠϯτͷઃఆ͕ඞཁ

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ελϒΛ௥Ճͯ͠ΈΔ ϦΫΤετ͢ΔͱɺXMLΛฦ͢ϨεϙϯεఆٛΛ ࡞੒ɺS3ͷʮex/API_2.jsonʯʹΞοϓϩʔυ͢Δ ϑΝΠϧ໊ɿAPI_2.json

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curlͱϒϥ΢βͰ࣮ߦ $ curl -X POST https://XXXXXXXXX.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/stub/ex/API_2 —verbose < HTTP/2 201 < date: Mon, 18 Feb 2019 10:11:40 GMT < content-type: application/xml < content-length: 26 < x-amzn-requestid: XXXXXXX-XXXXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXXX < x-amz-apigw-id: XXXXXXXX < x-amzn-trace-id: Root=XXXXXXXX-XXXXXX—XXXXXXXX < * Connection #0 to host XXXXXXXXX.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com left intact “value”