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8SJUJOH$44XJUI"DDFTTJCJMJUZJO.JOE
*ODMVTJPO
GPS
Manuel Matuzović
@mmatuzo
CSS-Minsk-JS 09/2017
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Name:
Manuel Matuzovic
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...
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...
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...
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...
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CSS 2.1
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CSS 2.1
float
position
text-align
overflow
border
visibility
background-repeat
color
font-size
max-height
margin
line-height
clip
display
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CSS 3
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CSS 3
border-radius
box-shadow
text-shadow
background-size
text-overflow
transform
transition
column
animation calc()
gradients
web fonts
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CSS
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CSS
Flexbox
Grid
Custom properties
Feature queries
Filters Shapes
blend-modes
Scroll Snap Points
sticky
:not()
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With great power comes
great responsibility
Uncle Ben
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.
}
a11y_1
font-size
{
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Zeit Online 20px
CSS-Tricks 21px
Medium 21px
CSS-Minsk-JS 34px/2.5vh
Jeffrey Zeldman 24px
Hugo Giraudel 20px
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https://blog.marvelapp.com/body-text-small/
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.
}
a11y_2
line-height
{
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.
}
a11y_3
text-align
{
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.
}
a11y_4
p: width
{
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DIBSBDUFST
QFSMJOF
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{ }
p {
max-width: 65ch;
}
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::
}
a11y_5
content
{
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{ }
h2::after {
content: "DON'T DO THAT";
}
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{ }
span::before {
content:"\00d7";
}
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{ }
span::before {
content:"\00d7";
}
→
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{ }
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.
}
a11y_6
color & contrast
{
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Colors & Color Contrast
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Colors & Color Contrast
๏ ~285 million people are visually impaired
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Colors & Color Contrast
๏ ~285 million people are visually impaired
๏ 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision
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Colors & Color Contrast
๏ ~285 million people are visually impaired
๏ 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision
๏ 7 to 12% of men and less than 1% of women have some
form of color-vision deficiency
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Colors & Color Contrast
๏ ~285 million people are visually impaired
๏ 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision
๏ 7 to 12% of men and less than 1% of women have some
form of color-vision deficiency
๏ People dim their screens
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Colors & Color Contrast
๏ ~285 million people are visually impaired
๏ 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision
๏ 7 to 12% of men and less than 1% of women have some
form of color-vision deficiency
๏ People dim their screens
๏ People use their smartphones outside even when the
sun is shining
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[…] enough contrast between text and
its background so that it can be read
by people with moderately low vision
[…]
https://www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-contrast.html
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Contrast ratio
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Contrast ratio
๏ 1:1 same color for text and background
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Contrast ratio
๏ 1:1 same color for text and background
๏ 1:21 black text on white background and vice versa
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Contrast ratio
๏ 1:1 same color for text and background
๏ 1:21 black text on white background and vice versa
๏ Minimum ratio for normal text less than 24px 4.5:1
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Contrast ratio
๏ 1:1 same color for text and background
๏ 1:21 black text on white background and vice versa
๏ Minimum ratio for normal text less than 24px 4.5:1
๏ Minimum ratio for bold text less than 19px 3:1
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Contrast ratio
๏ 1:1 same color for text and background
๏ 1:21 black text on white background and vice versa
๏ Minimum ratio for normal text less than 24px 4.5:1
๏ Minimum ratio for bold text less than 19px 3:1
๏ Larger text: 3:1
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Contrast ratio
๏ 1:1 same color for text and background
๏ 1:21 black text on white background and vice versa
๏ Minimum ratio for normal text less than 24px 4.5:1
๏ Minimum ratio for bold text less than 19px 3:1
๏ Larger text: 3:1
๏ Level AAA: At least 7:1 and 4.5:1
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Though age has indeed taken its
toll on my eyesight, it turns out that
I was suffering from a design trend.
Kevin Marks
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@
}
media a11y_7
print
{
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{ }
@media print {
.header {
position: static;
}
nav {
display: none;
}
}
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{ }
@media print {
.header {
position: static;
}
nav {
display: none;
}
}
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{ }
body > *:not(main){
display: none;
}
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{ }
section {
margin-bottom: 2cm;
font-size: 14pt;
padding: 8mm;
}
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{ }
a[href^="http"]:not([href*="mywebsite.com"])::after {
content: " (" attr(href) ")";
}
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{ }
a[href^="http"]:not([href*="mywebsite.com"])::after {
content: " (" attr(href) ")";
}
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{ }
a[href^="http"]:not([href*="mywebsite.com"])::after {
content: " (" attr(href) ")";
}
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{ }
a[href^="http"]:not([href*="mywebsite.com"])::after {
content: " (" attr(href) ")";
}
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{ }
a[href^="http"]:not([href*="mywebsite.com"])::after {
content: " (" attr(href) ")";
}
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:
}
a11y_8
focus
{
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Button
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{ }
Button
Button
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{ }
*:focus {
outline: none;
}
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{ }
input:focus {
outline: 2px solid #000000;
}
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{ }
form:focus-within {
box-shadow: 0 0 4px 6px #000000;
}
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{ }
:focus {
outline: none;
}
:focus-ring {
outline: 2px solid blue;
}
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https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/design/inclusive
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https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/design/inclusive
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https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/design/inclusive
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Permanent Temporary Situational
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/design/inclusive
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.
}
a11y_9
order
{
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{ }
-
…
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{ }
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{ }
ul {
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
grid-gap: 20px;
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
grid-gap: 20px;
grid-auto-rows: 180px;
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
grid-gap: 20px;
grid-auto-rows: 180px;
}
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{ }
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{ }
.long {
grid-row: span 2;
}
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{ }
.large {
grid-row: span 2;
}
.long {
grid-row: span 2;
}
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{ }
.large {
grid-row: span 2;
}
.long {
grid-row: span 2;
}
.large1 {
grid-column: span 2 / -1;
}
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{ }
.large {
grid-row: span 2;
}
.long {
grid-row: span 2;
}
.large1 {
grid-column: span 2 / -1;
}
.large2 {
grid-column: 1 / span 2;
}
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
grid-gap: 20px;
grid-auto-rows: 180px;
grid-auto-flow: dense;
}
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Properties that affect order
๏ Flexbox (flex-direction, order,…)
๏ position
๏ float
๏ Negative margins
๏ Grid (order, grid-auto-flow, grid-row, grid-column,…)
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.
}
a11y_10
progressive
enhancement
{
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You Don’t Have To Overwrite Everything
๏ display: inline-block
๏ display: table-cell
๏ vertical-align
๏ column-* properties
๏ float
…have no effect on grid- or flex-items
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.
}
a11y_11
flat structures
{
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{ }
Heading
- Element 1
- Element 2
- Element 3
- Element 4
- Element 5
- Element 6
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{ }
.wrapper {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 120px repeat(2, 1fr);
grid-gap: 20px;
}
h2 {
grid-column: 2 / -1;
}
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{ }
Heading
Element 1
Element 2
Element 3
Element 4
Element 5
Element 6
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{ }
ul {
display: subgrid;
}
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{ }
ul {
display: contents;
}
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{ }
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 120px repeat(2, 1fr);
grid-gap: 20px;
}
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{ }
ul {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
display: inherit;
grid-template-columns: inherit;
grid-gap: inherit;
display: contents;
}
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{ }
Heading
Element 1
Element 2
Element 3
Element 4
Element 5
Element 6
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{ }
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Designing with constraints in mind
is simply designing well.
Aaron Gustafson
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5IBOLZPV
Manuel Matuzović
@mmatuzo
CSS-Minsk-JS 09/2017