PHPアプリケーションのスケーラビリティと信頼性を革新する nginx+ngx_mrubyとGoの融合

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PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷεέʔϥϏϦςΟͱ ৴པੑΛֵ৽͢Δ nginx+ngx_mrubyͱGoͷ༥߹ ʙϚΠΫϩαʔϏε΋ίΞμϯϓ΋ڵຯ͋ΔΜͰ͚͢Ͳฤʙ

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ࢁԼ࿨඙!QZBNB (.0ϖύϘٕज़ج൫νʔϜ γχΞɾϓϦϯγύϧ ɹΩϟϯϓɺཱྀߦɺώϧτϯ८ΓɺιϫχΤ८Γ 1SPYZαʔό։ൃɺ0QFO5FMFNFUSZ

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ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ 1. PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷεέʔϥϏϦςΟ 2. Ծ૝଴߹ࣨ 3. νϡʔχϯάͱिץӡ༻࣮࿩

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PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ εέʔϥϏϦςΟ

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PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷεέʔϥϏϦςΟ LAMPελοΫ(Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) LEMPελοΫ(Linux, nginx (Engine-X), MySQL/MariaDB, PHP) ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟ αʔόʔϨεΞʔΩςΫνϟ ݱ୅Ͱ࠾༻͞ΕΔΑ͏ͳΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸PHPͰ࣮ݱͰ͖Δ

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PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷεέʔϥϏϦςΟ ࡢࠓͷWEB։ൃͰඞཁͳཁ݅Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠Δ ୅දతWEBϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϛυϧ΢ΣΞ ίϛϡχςΟ Laravel,CakePHP, Symfony Database,NoSQL,CloudSDK https://www.php.net/conferences/index.php

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ΧϯϑΝϨϯεͷ௚ۙ ͕Crazy Japanese 16 5

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PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷεέʔϥϏϦςΟ ύϑΥʔϚϯε΋ଟݴޠͱൺֱͯ͠े෼ https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/php-python3.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/php-ruby.html ※1 Nମ໰୊ʢN-body problemʣ͸ɺ෺ཧֶʹ͓͍ͯɺޓ͍ʹॏྗͳͲͷྗͰӨڹ͠߹͏Nݸͷ෺ମͷӡಈΛ༧ଌ͢Δ໰୊Ͱ͢ɻ ※2 ֤ݴޠͷ࣮૷΍݁Ռ͸Ҿ༻ݩͷThe Computer Language Benchmarks Gameͷ௨ΓͰɺݴޠͷ༏ྼͰ͸ͳ͘૬ରతʹ ੑೳ͕े෼ͱ͍͏͜ͱΛ͜ͷεϥΠυ͸ҙਤ͍ͯ͠·͢

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ϘτϧωοΫ͸  Ͳ͜ʹ͋Δͷ͔ʁ

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Α͋͘ΔPHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϘτϧωοΫ • CPU΍ϝϞϦͷϦιʔεෆ଍ • σʔλετΞ(N+1ͳͲͷ࣮૷՝୊΋ؚΉ) • SaaS

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Α͋͘ΔPHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϘτϧωοΫ • CPU΍ϝϞϦͷϦιʔεෆ଍ → εέʔϧΞοϓɾΞ΢τ • σʔλετΞ(N+1ͳͲͷ࣮૷՝୊΋ؚΉ) → ؤுΔ • SaaS → ࣌ͱ৔߹ͱɺ࣌ͷӡɺ࣌ʹͲ͏ʹ΋ͳΒͳ͍

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େਓ͙ͬͯ͢ϨʔτϦϛοτͬͯ ݴ͏͚ͲɺϢʔβʔ͔ΒݟͨΒ མͪͯΔͷͱҰॹͩΑͶʙ

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Ծ૝଴߹ࣨ

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Ծ૝଴߹ࣨ ΞΫηεॱͰ଴ͪߦྻΛܗ੒ͯ͠ɺ  ॱ൪ʹϢʔβʔΛαΠτʹҊ಺

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଴߹ࣨAPIͷ֓ཁ (PͰ࣮૷͞Εͨ)551αʔό https://github.com/pyama86/waitingroom go on-memory cache redis query query response response ଟ૚ͷߴ଎ͳσʔλετΞΛར༻ͯ͠ɺߴ଎ʹ࣮ߦ

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଴߹ࣨͷঢ়ଶભҠ ىಈ ىಈத ղআ αΠτͷա৒ΞΫηεΛܖػʹαΠτʹର͢Δ  ଴߹ࣨΛىಈ͢Δ ա৒ΞΫηε͕མͪண͍ͨΒɺ  ௨ৗ௨ΓΞΫηε͕Ͱ͖Δ ଴߹͕ࣨىಈத͸ɺΞΫηεՄೳͳॱ൪ʹͳΔ·Ͱɺ  ʮ̋ਓ଴ͪʯͱ଴߹ࣨͷը໘͕දࣔ͞ΕΔ

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଴߹ࣨͷجຊػೳ ୯Ґ࣌ؒ͋ͨΓɺͲΕ͘Β͍ͷϢʔβʔΛΞΫηεՄೳʹ͢Δ͔ ΞΫηεՄೳ࣌ؒ͸ͲΕ͘Β͍͔ʁ ྫ:1෼͋ͨΓ50ΫϥΠΞϯτ઀ଓΛڐՄ͢Δ ྫ:ڐՄ͞ΕͨΫϥΠΞϯτ͸ڐՄޙɺ10෼ؒΞΫηεՄೳ

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؅ཧػೳ΋ॆ࣮ ىಈ࣌ʹSlack௨஌ɺ؅ཧը໘΋ఏڙ https://github.com/cam-inc/viron

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https://youtu.be/oIw4m5cT5YA?si=IAAo4uzhykxBkkgO

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ngx_mruby MPDBUJPOIFMMP\ NSVCZ@DPOUFOU@IBOEMFS@DPEF /HJOYFDIP)FMMP8PSME ^ OHJOYͷ͋ΒΏΔΠϕϯτʹϑοΫͯ͠ɺNSVCZͷίʔυΛ࣮ߦ͠ɺ ϓϩάϥϚϒϧʹτϥϑΟοΫίϯτϩʔϧग़དྷΔ https://github.com/matsumotory/ngx_mruby

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଴߹ࣨΞʔΩςΫνϟͷ֓ཁ Waiting Room ngx_mruby Client Origin 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ىಈ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔ʁ 3.ະىಈ͔  ڐՄࡁΈΫϥΠΞϯτ 4.ϦΫΤετ 5.Ϩεϙϯε 6.Ϩεϙϯε OHY@NSVCZ͔Β଴߹ࣨ"1*ʹ )551ϦΫΤετͯ͠ঢ়ଶ֬ೝ

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଴߹ࣨىಈܖػ location / { limit_req zone=example nodelay; limit_req_status 512; error_page 512 =200 @waitingroom; } ϨʔτϦϛοτʹ֘౰ͨ͠Β  εςʔλε512ͰΤϥʔѻ͍ʹ͔ͯ͠Βɺ εςʔλεΛ200ʹॻ͖׵͑ͯ  ϦμΠϨΫτ OHJOYͷSBUFMJNJUNPEVMFΛར༻͠ɺ ա৒ΞΫηεΛݕ஌

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଴߹ࣨىಈܖػ location @waitingroom { mruby_rewrite_handler enable_waitingroom.rb; proxy_pass origin_backend/$request_uri; internal; } location ~ ^/queues { proxy_pass waitingroom; internal; } ଴߹ࣨAPI͸mrubyͰ  HTTPܦ༝Ͱίʔϧͯ͠ɺ  ଴߹ࣨΛىಈ͢Δ

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଴߹ࣨىಈܖػ 1.ϊϯϒϩοΩϯάʹϦΫΤετ 2.੍ݶதͰॱ൪଴ͪঢ়ଶͳΒ503 3.੍ݶ͞Εͯͳ͚Ε͹όοΫΤϯυ΁ϓϩΩγ

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ngx_http_subrequest location / { subrequest /subrequest } location /subreqest { puts "hello" } # http://localhost/ => hello ͋ΔϩέʔγϣϯʹདྷͨϦΫΤετΛ ଞͷϩέʔγϣϯʹϊϯϒϩοΩϯάʹ ϦΫΤετͯ͠ར༻͢Δ

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ϊϯϒϩοΩϯά

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU XFCTFSWFS originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU XFCTFSWFS originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU XFCTFSWFS originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ 3.ϦΫΤετ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU XFCTFSWFS originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ 3.ϦΫΤετ 4.Ϩεϙϯε

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU XFCTFSWFS originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ 3.ϦΫΤετ 4.Ϩεϙϯε 5.Ϩεϙϯε ઌߦͷϦΫΤετ׬ྃ·Ͱ ଴ͨ͞ΕΔ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϊϯϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU OHJOY originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϊϯϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU OHJOY originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϊϯϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU OHJOY originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ 3.ϦΫΤετ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά ϊϯϒϩοΩϯάI/Oͷྫ DMJFOU DMJFOU OHJOY originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ 2.ϦΫΤετ 3.ϦΫΤετ 4.ϦΫΤετ ઌߦͷϦΫΤετ׬ྃΛ ଴ͨͣʹଞͷॲཧ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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nginxͱϊϯϒϩοΩϯά mruby͸ϦΫΤετ΍ϨεϙϯεͷॲཧͷҰ෦ͱ࣮ͯ͠ߦ DMJFOU DMJFOU OHJOY originA originB 1.ϦΫΤετ ϦΫΤετΛड͚෇͚ͨͱ͖ ͳͲͷॲཧͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠ mruby͕࣮ߦ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

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mruby͸ϒϩοΩϯάͯ͠͠·͏ nginx͸ϊϯϒϩοΩϯάI/O͕ͩmrubyͰ͸ߟྀ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ SFRVFTU SFRVFTU SFRVFTU NSVCZ NSVCZ NSVCZ SFTQPOTF SFTQPOTF SFTQPOTF XPSLFS ngx_mrubyʹ͓͚Δmruby࣮ߦ͕ϒϩοΫ͞ΕΔͱ͍͏ҙຯͰ͢

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Nginx::Async::HTTP.sub_request )551ϦΫΤετͱಉ࣌ʹϒϩοΫΛ։์͠ɺ Ϩεϙϯε࣌ʹίʔϧόοΫΛड͚औΓ࠶։ SFRVFTU SFRVFTU NSVCZ SFTQPOTF SFTQPOTF NSVCZ TVCSFRFTU 3FRVFTU 3FTQPOTF

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sub_requestΛ༻͍Δ͜ͱͰ ߴ଎ͳAPI࣮ߦΛ࣮ݱ Waiting Room ngx_mruby Client Origin sub_requestͰ ඇಉظϦΫΤετͳͷͰ ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷӨڹ͕গͳ͍

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νϡʔχϯάͱ िץӡ༻࣮࿩

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νϡʔχϯάͱिץӡ༻࣮࿩ 1.ຒ·Διέοτ 2.ͦ΋ͦ΋࿦

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ຒ·Διέοτ

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଴߹ࣨͷϦΫΤετ͕ࣦഊ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ Waiting Room ngx_mruby Client Origin ϐʔΫλΠϜʹ ଴߹ࣨͷAPI͕ Connection Refused

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DBUQSPDTZTOFUJQWJQ@MPDBM@QPSU@SBOHF TIME WAITͷେྔൃੜ ιέοτͷঢ়ଶ͕։์͕ؒʹ߹Θͣɺ৽ن௨৴͕ෆՄೳ OFUTUBUBOcHSFQ5*.&@8"*5cXDM Ұൠతͳ-JOVYαʔό͸σϑΥϧτͩͱ*1͋ͨΓ ϙʔτ͔͠ར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍

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଴߹ࣨʹ͸େྔͷϦΫΤετ͕ߦΘΕΔ Waiting Room ngx_mruby Client Origin ଴߹ࣨͷىಈ֬ೝ͕ શϦΫΤετߦΘΕΔͷͰ ຖճ৽ن઀ଓ͞ΕΔ LFFQBMJWFޮ͍ͯͳ͍ͷͰ͸ʁ

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nginxͷupstream keepalive͸σϑΥϧτແޮ LFFQBMJWFσΟϨΫςΟϒͷઃఆͱ $POOFDUJPOϔομʔɺ )551όʔδϣϯͷࢦఆ͕ඞཁ VQTUSFBNIUUQ@CBDLFOE\ TFSWFS LFFQBMJWF ^ TFSWFS\ MPDBUJPOIUUQ\ QSPYZ@QBTTIUUQIUUQ@CBDLFOE QSPYZ@IUUQ@WFSTJPO QSPYZ@TFU@IFBEFS$POOFDUJPO ^ ^

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ͦ΋ͦ΋࿦

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଴߹͕ࣨදࣔ͞ΕͨϢʔβʔ ΞΫηε଴ͪʓʓਓͱ͔ ग़ͯΔ͚Ͳɺ མͪͯΜ͡ΌΜʂ

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ͦ΋ͦ΋࿦ ଴ͬͨ݁Ռɺ঎඼͕ߪೖͰ͖ͨͳͲͷ๬·͍݁͠Ռ͕ಘΒΕͨ৔߹ɺ  ϙδςΟϒ ଴ͬͨ݁Ռɺ๬·͍݁͠Ռ͕ಘΒΕͳ͍ɺ΋͘͠͸଴ͯͳ͍৔߹ɺ  αʔό͕μ΢ϯ͍ͯ͠Δͷͱମݧ͸มΘΒͳ͍

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ࣃΛ͍͂͘ɾɾɾ

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ࠓ೔࿩ͨ͜͠ͱ • PHP͸ݴޠͱͯ͠͸WEB։ൃͰࠔΔ͜ͱ͸΄ͱΜͲͳ͍ • nginxͷϨʔτϦϛοτ΍sub_requestΛ্खʹ࢖͏ͱ  ߴ଎ʹಈ࡞͢Δ͓΋͠Ζ࣮૷͕Ͱ͖Δ • ϘτϧωοΫͷ͏ͪɺղফͰ͖ͳ͍΋ͷ΋͋Γɺͦͷ৔߹ʹ଴߹ࣨ͸  ༗ޮͳଧͪखͱͳΔ͕ɺ࢖Θͳ͍͍ͯ͘ʹӽͨ͜͠ͱ͸ͳ͍

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1)1ΊͬͪΌ͋Γ·͢ɺ͋Γ͗ͯ͢ ᷓΕͯ·͢ ࠷৽ͷ࠾༻৘ใΛνΣοΫˠ !QC@SFDSVJU