うわっ…もしかして私のコード、遅すぎ…？

by RyuNen344

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͏Θͬ…΋͔ͯ͠͠ࢲͷίʔ υɺ஗͗͢…ʁ 2022.12.10 Kotlin Fest RyuNen344/Bunjiro Miyoshi

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About Me • teamLab.Incॴଐ • ීஈ͸androidͱKMMϝΠϯ • DroidKaigiΞϓϦͷόοΫΤϯυ΍ͬͯ·͢ • લճ։࠵(2019)࣌ʹ͸KotlinΛॻ͍ͯ͢Β͍ͳ͔ͬͨ

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͜Μͳܦݧ͋Γ·ͤΜ͔ʁ ૣ଎Ͱ͕͢

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ͳΜ͔͜ͷॲཧɺ஗͍ͳɾɾɾɾ ͳͥɾɾɾɾɾɾ

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JavaͷStreamͱKotlinͷSequence͸ ͲͬͪΛ࢖͑͹͍͍ͷɾɾɾʁ

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ॲཧ଎౓վળͰ͖ͨɾɾɾɾɾ ͸ͣʂʂ(ຊ౰͔ɾɾʁʁ)

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ܰ཰ʹܭଌ͠·͠ΐ͏ w w w w

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Outline • kotlinx-benchmarkͱ͸ • JMH(Java Microbenchmark Harness)ͱ͸ • ΦʔιυοΫεͳ࢖͍ํ • ύϥϝʔλͱམͱ݀͠ • ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ͝ͱͷҧ͍

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WARNING

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WARNING • JMHࣗମͷઆ໌ͱඃΔݸॴ͕ଟʑ͋Δ • android, iOS, watchOS • ݱঢ়͏·͘ಈ͔͢ํ๏͕ͳ͍ • android͸JMHपΓͷ஌ࣝΛ׆͔ͤΔ • Experimentalঢ়ଶͳͷͰWASMʹ͸৮Εͳ͍ • (ࢲͷखݩͰ͸ͦ΋ͦ΋ಈ͔ͤͳ͔ͬͨɾɾɾ)

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ຊฤ

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About kotlinx-benchmark • JetBrains͕։ൃ͍ͯ͠ΔMPPରԠͷϕϯνϚʔΫϥΠϒϥϦ • JMHͷIFΛ౿ऻͯͭ͘͠ΒΕ͍ͯΔ • PlatformʹΑͬͯ͸JMHʹ͋Δػೳ͕࢖͑ͳ͍ύλʔϯ͕͋Δ • Scopeͷछྨ͕͘͢ͳ͔ͬͨΓɾɾɾɾModeͷछྨ͕͘͢ͳ͔ͬ ͨΓɾɾɾ

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About JMH(Java Microbenchmark Harness) • Java, JVM޲͚ͷܭଌπʔϧ • 2013೥ΑΓ։ൃ͞ΕͯΔOpenJDKϓϩδΣΫτͷ1෦ • Annotation Processor, ASMΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ܭଌ༻ͷίʔυΛੜ੒͢Δ • ੜ੒͞Εͨίʔυ࣮ߦͯ͠ॲཧ࣌ؒΛܭଌ͢Δ • kotlinx-benchmark΋͢΂ͯͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹ͓͍ͯܭଌ༻ͷί ʔυΛੜ੒ͯ͠ܭଌ͢Δ

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How To Use

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ • Gradle Plugin • + kotlinx-benchmark gradle plugin • + kotlin-all-open gradle plugin(for JVM) • Module • + kotlinx-benchmark-runtime

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ benchmarkͱallopenͷgradle pluginΛ௥Ճ

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ JMH͸benchmark codeΛoverrideͯ͠ܭଌίʔυΛੜ੒͢Δ kotlinͷclass͸σϑΥϧτͩͱ fi nalʹͳΔͷͰall-openΛ͋ͯΔ

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ targetͷ௥Ճ

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Gradle Plugin, Moduleͷ௥Ճ common SourceSetʹruntime libraryΛ௥Ճ͢Δ

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KMM޲͚ͷۤ೑ͷࡦ • benchmark͸ܭଌ༻ίʔυΛੜ੒͠ɺ࣮ߦ͢Δ͜ͱͰܭଌ͢Δ • 0.4.6࣌఺Ͱ͸android, iOSͳͲͷPlatformͰ࣮ߦ͢Δ࣮૷͕ߦΘΕͯ ͓Βͣಈ͔ͤͳ͍ • ͋Μ·Γʹ΋ͳͷͰͤΊͯPure Kotlinͳίʔυ͚ͩͰ΋ܭଌͰ͖ΔΑ ͏ʹ͢ΔͱJVMͱNativeͰͷڍಈࠩΛ࣮ࡍʹνΣοΫ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ Δ

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KMM޲͚ͷۤ೑ͷࡦ

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KMM޲͚ͷۤ೑ͷࡦ ඇandroidίʔυʹͷΈґଘ͢ΔJVMͷSourceSetΛ࡞੒͢Δ androidίʔυΛJVMͷSourceSetʹґଘͤ͞Δ

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KMM޲͚ͷۤ೑ͷࡦ ྆ํͰ࢖༻͢ΔSourceSetsΛ࡞੒͢Δ macOS, iOSΛ࡞੒ͨ͠SourceSetsʹґଘͤ͞Δ

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Settings of BenchmarksExtension ઃఆΛม͑ͨϓϦηοτΛ࡞੒Ͱ͖Δ

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Settings of BenchmarksExtension ର৅ͷSourceSetsΛొ࿥͢Δ

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Impl of Benchmark Code

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Impl of Benchmark Code @StateΛ෇༩ͯ͠ϕϯνϚʔΫΫϥε Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱΛίϯύΠϥʔʹ఻͑Δ

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Impl of Benchmark Code ύϥϝʔλͷ४උͱϦηοτΛߦ͏ؔ਺ʹ@Setupɺ @TearDownΛ෇༩͢Δ

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Impl of Benchmark Code ܭଌ͢ΔίʔυΛݺͼग़͢ϝιουʹ @BenchmarkΛ෇༩͢Δ

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݁Ռ(txt)ͷ֬ೝ ଞʹ΋json, csv, scsvͷϑΥʔϚοτͰॻ͖ग़ͤΔ

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Parameters And Traps

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BenchmarksExtension Deep Dive • warmups(common) • JIT༻ύϥϝʔλ

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BenchmarksExtension Deep Dive • warmups(common) • JIT༻ύϥϝʔλ JITͷઆ໌͍ͤͯͩ͘͞͞

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Just In Time Compiler

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Just In Time Compiler JIT͡Όͳ͍৔߹ Interpreter͕classϑΝΠϧΛ ஞ࣍ಡΈࠐΈɺػցޠʹม׵͠ ͳ͕Β࣮ߦ͢Δ

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Just In Time Compiler JITͷ৔߹ ઌʹclassϑΝΠϧΛػցޠʹ ม׵͓ͯ͘͠

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Just In Time Compiler Կ౓΋ݺͼग़͞ΕΔॲཧ͸ઌʹ Native CodeʹCompile͞ΕΔ

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BenchmarksExtension Deep Dive • warmups(common) • JIT༻ύϥϝʔλ • ࣮ࡍͷܭଌલʹॲཧΛ૸ΒͤͯJITίϯύΠϥʔΛಇ͔ͤΔ • JITίϯύΠϥʔʹม׵͞ΕͨίʔυͰϕϯνϚʔΫΛऔΔΑ͏ʹ ͢Δ • (ART͸ಛघ͕ͩJetpack BenchmarkΛ࢖͏ͱΑ͠ͳʹͰ͖Δ)

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BenchmarksExtension Deep Dive • nativeFork(native) • ͋ΔܭଌΛಉ͡ϓϩηεͰ࣮ߦ͢Δ͔ผϓϩηεͰ࣮ߦ͢Δ͔Λઃఆ͢Δ • =K/N RuntimeͷಡΈࠐΈ͔Β࢝ΊΔ͔Ͳ͏͔ • nativeGCAfterIteration(native) • ܭଌޙʹGarbage CollectΛ࣮ߦ͢Δ͔ઃఆ͢Δ • GCͷ࣮ߦ͸ίετ͕ߴ͍ͨΊσϑΥϧτ͸OFFʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ

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Tips In Benchmark Code

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Tips In Benchmark Code ࣅͨΑ͏ͳߏ੒Λݟͨ͜ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ͔ʁ

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Tips In Benchmark Code ࣅͨΑ͏ͳߏ੒Λݟͨ͜ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ͔ʁ JUnitͷςετίʔυʹࣅ͍ͯΔʂʂ

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Tips In Benchmark Code • JUnitͷςετίʔυʹࣅ͍ͯΔߏ੒ • ςετΛ࣮૷͢ΔࡍͷTips͕׆͔ͤΔ

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Tips In Benchmark Code • @BenchmarkΛ෇༩ͨؔ͠਺಺Ͱݺͼग़͢ॲཧ͸ܭଌ͍ͨ͠ॲཧͷΈ ʹͳΕ͹ͳΔ΄Ͳྑ͍(ʹ݁Ռʹ༨ܭͳཁҼ͕ೖΒͳ͍) • 1ͭͷΫϥεɺؔ਺͸1ͭͷ໾ׂΛ୲͏Α͏ʹ͢Δ • ΫϥεࣗମΛૄ݁߹ʹͳΔΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ(=CoroutineDispatcher ͳͲ͸injectͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ࡞Δɺetc…) ςετΛॻ͖΍͘͢͢ΔͱϕϯνϚʔΫ΋औΓ΍͘͢ͳΔ

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Why In Benchmark Code

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Why In Benchmark Code varͰએݴ͍ͯ͠ΔͷɺؾʹͳΓ·͢ΑͶʁ

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Why In Benchmark Code • ίϯύΠϧ࣌఺Ͱৗʹݻఆ஋ʹͳΔίʔυ͸࠷దԽର৅ͱͯ͠ίʔυ লུ͞ΕΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ • ࠷దԽର৅ʹͳΒͳ͍ίʔυʹ͢Δʹ͸ʁ • ܭଌର৅ίʔυʹ౉͢ม਺͸varͰ࣋ͬͯ@SetupͰઃఆ͢Δ

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Why In Benchmark Code ܭଌର৅ͷฦΓ஋ΛBlackholeʹٵ Θ͍ͤͯΔͷؾʹͳΓ·͢ΑͶʁ

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Why In Benchmark Code • ίϯύΠϧ࣌఺ͰৗʹฦΓ஋Λ࢖༻͠ͳ͍ίʔυ͸࠷దԽର৅ͱͯ͠ ίʔυ࡟আ͞ΕΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ • ࠷దԽର৅ʹͳΒͳ͍ίʔυʹ͢Δʹ͸ʁ • ܭଌର৅ͷฦΓ஋ΛϕϯνϚʔΫϝιουͷฦΓ஋ʹ͢Δ • ܭଌର৅ϝιουͷฦΓ஋ΛBlackholeʹٵΘͤΔ Blackhole͸࠷దԽର৅ʹͤ͞ͳ͍ͨΊͷIF

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Differences In Each Platform

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JVM • JMH΁ͷAlias͕ுΒΕ͍ͯΔ • JVMʹݶͬͯݴ͑͹JMHͷػೳ͸ϑϧͰ࢖͑Δ

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Native • ࣌ؒΛΧ΢ϯτ͢ΔίʔυΛKotlin/Native(C++)Ͱ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Δ

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Native kotlinx.benchmark.native.NativeExecutor

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Native K/NͰ࣌ؒपΓͷܭࢉΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Δ ਂງΓ͢ΔͱcppίʔυʹͨͲΓண͘

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Native • ࣌ؒΛΧ΢ϯτ͢ΔίʔυΛKotlin/Native(C++)Ͱ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Δ • ReleaseϏϧυͰܭଌ͢ΔΑ͏ʹλεΫ͕࡞ΒΕΔͷͰσόοάγϯϘϧ ʹΑΔύϑΥʔϚϯεྼԽ͸ؾʹ͠ͳͯ͘Α͍ • nativeGCAfterIterationΛtrueʹ͢ΔҎ֎Ͱ͸Garbage CollectΛΩοΫ͠ ͍ͯΔՕॴ͸ͳ͍ͷͰ࢖͏ࡍ͸ϝϞϦʔώʔϓʹ΋ؾΛ࢖͏ํ͕Αͦ͞͏ • Blackholeͷ࣮૷͸pinϝιουΛݺͼग़͍ͯ͠Δ

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JS • Benchmark.js͕಺෦Ͱಈ͍͍ͯΔ • ࣌ؒͷܭଌؚΊͯBenchmark.jsͰߦ͍ͬͯΔ • Blackholeͷ࣮૷͸nopeʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ • ݱঢ়JSͰ͸Blackhole͕ਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͠ͳ͍ͷͰ஫ҙ͕ඞཁ

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Ex.) Language Optimization

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Tailrec Optimization • Kotlinͷ࠶ؼ຤ඌΛ࠷దԽ͢Δम০ࢠ • Stack Over fl owͷ৺഑͕ͳ͘ͳΔ • ߴ଎Ͱޮ཰తͳLoopϕʔεͷ࣮૷ʹࠩ͠มΘΔ • https://kotlinlang.org/docs/functions.html#tail-recursive- functions w w

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ͲΕ͙Β͍ߴ଎ͳΜͩΖ͏͔ʁ

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Tailrec Optimization tailrec͋Γɾͳ͠຤ඌ࠶ؼͷϑΟϘφονؔ਺

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Tailrec Optimization Decompileίʔυ

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Tailrec OptimizationɿJVM tailrecΛ෇༩͢Δͱؔ਺͕2ഒҎ্଎͘ಈ࡞ͨ͠ Stack Over fl owͰॲཧ͕ࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱ΋ͳ͔ͬͨ

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Tailrec OptimizationɿNative JVM΄Ͳͷ༏Ґ͕ࠩ͋Δ݁ՌΛಘΒΕͳ͔͕ͬͨ ޮՌ͸͋Γͦ͏

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Tailrec OptimizationɿNative • ผ్ ͷ຤ඌ࠶ؼΛ࡞੒ͯͨ͠Ίͨ͠ͱ͜ΖɺtailrecΛ෇༩ͨؔ͠ ਺͕1.25ഒ΄Ͳ଎͘ͳͬͨ • Ծઆ1ɿϧʔϓͩΖ͏͕࠶ؼͩΖ͏͕native͔ͩΒΊͪΌͪ͘Όૣ͍ʁ • Ծઆ2ɿLLVMͰͷcompile࣌ʹ΋࠷దԽ͕͔͔͍ͬͯΔ͔΋͠Εͳ ͍ʁLLVMͰͷ࠷దԽ͕ޮ͘ɾޮ͔ͳ͍͕͋Δͷ͔΋ɾɾɾɾ n ∑ k=1 k

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Tailrec OptimizationɿJS JVM΄Ͳͷ༏Ґࠩ͸ͳ͍͕ޮՌൈ܈ Stack Over fl owͰॲཧ͕ࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱ΋ͳ͔ͬͨ

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Tailrec OptimizationɿJS • ผ్ ͷ຤ඌ࠶ؼΛࢼͨ͠ͱ͜ΖɺJVM΍NativeͷΑ͏ʹtailrecΛ ෇༩ͨ͠΄͏͕໌Β͔ʹ଎͘ͳΔͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ͳ͔ͬͨ • ԾઆɿJS͸Numberͷൣғ͕JVMɺNativeͱҟͳΔͷͰͦͷลΓ͕Ө ڹ͍ͯ͠Δ͔΋ʁ n ∑ k=1 k kotlinx-benchmarkͷ͓ӄͰ͓खܰʹௐࠪͰ͖ͨ

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·ͱΊ • kotlinx-benchmarkΛ࢖༻͢ΔͱखܰʹMPPͰϕϯνϚʔΫΛͱΔ͜ͱ ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ݱঢ়android, iOSͰ͸࢖͑ͳ͍(TaskΛ࡞Ε͹ߦ͚Δ͸ͣ) • ςετ͕ॻ͖΍͍࣮͢૷Λ͓ͯ͘͠ͱϕϯνϚʔΫ΋࣮૷͠΍͘͢ͳΔ • JVMͰ͸ಛʹίϯύΠϥʔʹΑΔ࠷దԽ΍JITΛҙࣝͨ͠ύϥϝʔλઃ ఆͱ࣮૷͕ඞཁ

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͝ࢹௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ ܰ཰ʹܭଌ͠·͠ΐ͏ w w w w

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ࢀߟࢿྉ • kotlin/kotlinx-benchmark • https://github.com/Kotlin/kotlinx-benchmark • openjdk/jmh • https://github.com/openjdk/jmh • Benchmark.js • https://benchmarkjs.com/ • tailrec • https://kotlinlang.org/docs/functions.html#tail-recursive-functions