Build Responsively, 2013, Converge FL, Jacksonville, FL

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@bencallahan @robertharr Thursday, September 12, 13

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Thursday, September 12, 13

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@hearsparkbox @brworkshop @bencallahan @robertharr Thursday, September 12, 13

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#convergefl #brworkshop Thursday, September 12, 13

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Internets: Ignite and Friends wewanttosetfires Thursday, September 12, 13

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Please, turn off Dropbox sync. Thursday, September 12, 13

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And, stop streaming BSG. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Thursday, September 12, 13

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Collaborative note-taking experiment: http://bit.ly/16kavBW Thursday, September 12, 13

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About Us Thursday, September 12, 13

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About You Thursday, September 12, 13

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AN INTRODUCTION TO RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN RWD 101 Thursday, September 12, 13

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September 9, 2007 6:30am Thursday, September 12, 13

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177% increase in tablet ownership since last year In the US... http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai Thursday, September 12, 13

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80% of consumers multi-task with other devices while watching TV In the US... http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai Thursday, September 12, 13

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26% of consumers own a laptop, tablet & smartphone http://bit.ly/YFW4Ai In the US... Thursday, September 12, 13

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Q1 2013 conversions on tablets surpassed conversions on traditional desktops http://bit.ly/sNpLte In the US... Thursday, September 12, 13

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The web is not fixed width Thursday, September 12, 13

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The penetration of desktop & laptop ownership is the same today as it was in 2007. http://bit.ly/zE1zgp In the US... Thursday, September 12, 13

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Mobile vs Desktop Browsing 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mobile Users Desktop Users http://bit.ly/L5cqiO Thursday, September 12, 13

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Not that far away 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Mobile Users Desktop Users http://bit.ly/L5cqiO Thursday, September 12, 13

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Flexibility is the new norm Thursday, September 12, 13

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People are trying to browse your sites on these devices, today Thursday, September 12, 13

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Responsive web design Thursday, September 12, 13

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Ethan Marcotte Article on ALA (http://bit.ly/Wi0xvw) Book via ABA (http://bit.ly/f6TPB7) Thursday, September 12, 13

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Thursday, September 12, 13

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RWD 101 ‣ Three Core Techniques - A Fluid Foundation - Flexible Content - Media Queries Thursday, September 12, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Honor the proportions of the design by creating percentage-based layout instead of fixed-width, pixel-based layout. Thursday, September 12, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Browser Window 1000px 600px 400px Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window A Fluid Foundation 1000px 600px 400px Thursday, September 12, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Browser Window 100% 60% 40% Thursday, September 12, 13

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A Fluid Foundation Browser Window 100% 60% 40% Thursday, September 12, 13

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A Fluid Foundation http://bostonglobe.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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Flexible Content Once we have a layout which is based on proportions, the content must also respond. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. Flexible Content Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a Flexible Content (Image) 600px Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a Flexible Content (Image) 600px http://bit.ly/ZdC8pH Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common Flexible Content (Image) 100% Thursday, September 12, 13

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Flexible Content http://microsoft.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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Media Queries When our content and our design are no longer working in harmony, we need to make a larger shift in layout. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window 100% 60% 40% Media Queries Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window A 100% B 100% C 100% Media Queries Browser Window A 100% B 60% C 40% Thursday, September 12, 13

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Browser Window A 100% B 60% C 40% Media Queries Browser Window A 100% B 100% C 100% Thursday, September 12, 13

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Media Queries http://skinnyties.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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RWD 101 ‣ Three Core Techniques - A Fluid Foundation - Flexible Content - Media Queries Thursday, September 12, 13

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[code examples] Thursday, September 12, 13

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WEB DESIGN PROCESS IN A RESPONSIVE WORLD RWD WORKFLOW Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Thursday, September 12, 13

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Where we’ve been Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Traditional Linear Workflow DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Traditional Linear Workflow DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! TH IN K A B O U T U SER S Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Traditional Linear Workflow DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! TH IN K A B O U T U SER S TH R O W IN C O N TEN T Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Slightly Better Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH! Thursday, September 12, 13

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What happens when you throw RWD into this process? Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH Now with RWD! Thursday, September 12, 13

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Now with RWD! A SHIFT IN MINDSET Linear Workflow CONTENT UX DESIGN FRONT-END BACK-END LAUNCH Me too! Ditto! Thursday, September 12, 13

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This doesn’t work. Thursday, September 12, 13

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(example: seesparkbox.com) Thursday, September 12, 13

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Jakob Nielsen Says... ‣ Build a separate mobile site ‣ Cut features ‣ Cut content http://www.nngroup.com/articles/mobile-site-vs-full-site/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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Jakob Nielsen Says... ‣ Build a separate mobile site ‣ Cut features ‣ Cut content http://www.nngroup.com/articles/mobile-site-vs-full-site/ PLEASE, NO. Thursday, September 12, 13

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We need to invite others into the process Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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CONTENT UX FRONT-END DESIGN BACK-END “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET ‣ Pros - Natural Decisions - Encourages Collaboration - Encourages Iteration - Better Results “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN MINDSET ‣ Cons - Requires Change - May Conflict with Organizational Structure - Dependent on Team Make-up “1 Deliverable” Workflow Thursday, September 12, 13

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What happens when you invite others into the process? Thursday, September 12, 13

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The quality as a whole improves Thursday, September 12, 13

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(example: nd.edu) Thursday, September 12, 13

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So, how do we actually do this? Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS A Process Myth Each client deliverable needs to look more like a ﬁnal, beautiful end-product than the previous one. Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Which Results In Pushing toward nearly-designed wireframes quickly and completely designed comps soon after. (This sets up all sorts of unrealistic client expectations.) Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS A Better Approach Inviting the client into the process regularly so that “deliverables” become “progress updates.” Time is not wasted on perfecting the parts, but advancing the whole. Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Our Deliverables Updates ‣ Research Deliverables Updates ‣ Content Deliverables Updates ‣ Priority Deliverables Updates ‣ Style Deliverables Updates ‣ Functional Deliverables Updates Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Let’s Focus On... ‣ Research Updates ‣ Content Updates ‣ Priority Updates ‣ Style Updates ‣ Functional Updates Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Priority Updates ‣ Content Priority Prototypes - Takes the place of a traditional wireframe. - As much real content as you can. - Linear in nature, priority implied. - Possibly created in HTML, viewed in a browser. - Generated by content/UX people. Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Priority Updates ‣ Content Priority Examples - Non HTML examples • Smashing Article: Design Process In The Responsive Age - HTML example • building.seesparkbox.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Style Updates ‣ Style Prototype - Like Style Tiles, but in the browser (styletil.es). - Very fast to build. - Accurate web typography. - Easy to show web interaction. - Client reviews in their browser of preference. Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Style Updates ‣ Style Prototype Examples - building.seesparkbox.com • new Sparkbox web style prototype - dressresponsively.com • dress responsively style prototype Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Other Style Updates ‣ Element Collages (Dan Mall) ‣ Style Tiles (Samantha Warren) ‣ Photoshop Comps (Everyone) Thursday, September 12, 13

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A SHIFT IN PROCESS Use What The Project Needs ‣ Research Deliverables Updates ‣ Content Deliverables Updates ‣ Priority Deliverables Updates ‣ Style Deliverables Updates ‣ Functional Deliverables Updates Thursday, September 12, 13

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BEN & ROB’S LATEST THEORY ON WEB PROCESS Thursday, September 12, 13

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The amount of process required is inversely proportional to the skill and experience of your team. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Create the perfect, fully- documented, all-encompassing web design and development process. Or... Thursday, September 12, 13

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Chill out and develop our people. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Discussion ‣ What happens next in this process? ‣ How are you handling RWD deliverables now? ‣ What are you struggling with? Thursday, September 12, 13

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CODE AND PROJECT STRUCTURE SERVING RWD STYLES Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials CSS PREPROCESSING FTW! Thursday, September 12, 13

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Before any of this stuff will work, you need to do this: Thursday, September 12, 13

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And, you should also do this: /* CSS */ @-webkit-viewport { width:device-width; } @-moz-viewport { width:device-width; } @-ms-viewport { width:device-width; } @-o-viewport { width:device-width; } @viewport { width:device-width; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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The Example 100% 50% 30% Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Thursday, September 12, 13

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Single CSS File HTML CSS Start with styles applied to all Styles scoped to a media query Styles scoped to another media query Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } Single CSS File Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ Single CSS File Thursday, September 12, 13

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PAUSE: MEDIA QUERIES Thursday, September 12, 13

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Media Types all braille, embossed, speech handheld, projection, screen, tv print tty http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/media.html#media-types Thursday, September 12, 13

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Media Features width, height device-width, device-height orientation aspect-ratio, device-aspect-ratio color, color-index, monochrome resolution, scan, grid http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries Thursday, September 12, 13

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Single CSS File HTML CSS Start with styles applied to all Styles scoped to a media query Styles scoped to another media query Thursday, September 12, 13

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Small Viewport Width First HTML CSS Smallest styles Wider styles (mq) Even wider styles (mq) Super wide styles (mq) Thursday, September 12, 13

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Large Viewport Width First HTML CSS Widest styles Wide styles (mq) Narrow styles (mq) Very narrow styles (mq) Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ Single CSS File Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } Single CSS File Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } Single CSS File Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } /* if the viewport width is 60em or greater */ @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Single CSS File Thursday, September 12, 13

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Single CSS File /* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } /* if the viewport width is 40em or greater */ @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } /* if the viewport width is 60em or greater */ @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Small Viewport Width First Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* styles.css */ aside { color: #333; width: 30%; } /* if the viewport width is 60em or less */ @media (max-width: 60em) { aside { width: 50%; } } /* if the viewport width is 40em or less */ @media (max-width: 40em) { aside { width: 100%; } } Single CSS File Large Viewport Width First Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Single CSS File ‣ Simple to implement ‣ Single request ‣ Doesn’t require a preprocessor ‣ Requires JS to serve large layout to old IE if starting with small layouts ‣ Large sites can be difficult to maintain because of the size of the single file Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files HTML If this browser is less than IE9... and it’s not IE Mobile... and viewport width is at least 40em... global.css all styles linear layout layout.css only styles for layout http://adactio.com/journal/4494/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files global.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } layout.css aside { width: 50%; } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Multiple CSS Files global.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } layout.css aside { width: 50%; } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Multiple CSS Files ‣ Doesn’t require a preprocessor ‣ At least two requests ‣ Requires you to separate layout from other styles ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve a single large layout to old IE without JS - Requests go up if you use multiple MQs Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Thursday, September 12, 13

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Breakpoint Based Partials HTML If this browser is less than IE9... and it’s not IE Mobile... base.css all styles/MQ blocks no-mq.css MQ styles from base without the MQs http://nicolasgallagher.com/mobile-first-css-sass-and-ie/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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Breakpoint Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Breakpoint Based Partials base.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } no-mq.css aside { width: 50%; } aside { width: 30%; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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PAUSE: CSS PREPROCESSORS Thursday, September 12, 13

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The Big Three: LESS, SASS, and Stylus Thursday, September 12, 13

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LESS ‣ Runs on Node.js ‣ Very similar syntax to SASS ‣ http://lesscss.org/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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Variables are specified with @ symbol /* .less */ @top-variable: 20px; ! #header-shadow { ! position: absolute; ! ! top: @top-variable; ! } LESS syntax Thursday, September 12, 13

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Stylus ‣ Runs on Node.js ‣ Has a flexible syntax - You can omit semi-colons, colons, and braces ‣ http://learnboost.github.com/ stylus/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* .styl */ top-variable = 20px ! #main-header ! position absolute ! ! top top-variable #footer { ! background: blue ! ! border 1px solid #00f; } Notice the terse, forgiving syntax. Stylus Syntax Thursday, September 12, 13

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SASS ‣ Runs on Ruby ‣ Has two syntax flavors - .scss & .sass ‣ http://sass-lang.com/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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$main-color: blue /* .scss */ #main { color: $main-color; font-size: 0.3em; } /* .sass */ #main color: $main-color font-size: 0.3em SASS Sytax Thursday, September 12, 13

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What’s so cool about preprocessors, anyway? Thursday, September 12, 13

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/* .scss */ .food-list { list-style: none; li { font-size: 1rem; a { color: red; } } } Nesting /* .css */ .food-list { list-style: none; } .food-list li { font-size: 1rem; } .food-list li a { color: red; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Nesting can be abused. /* This is bad. Don’t do it. */ html body #main div.primary .big-header { font-size: 2em; } ! Thursday, September 12, 13

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Nesting can be abused. /* This is bad. Don’t do it. */ html body #main div.primary .big-header { font-size: 2em; } ! Thursday, September 12, 13

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/*.scss*/ $white: rgba(255,255,255,1); /*.less*/ @white: rgba(255,255,255,1); /*.styl*/ white = rgba(255,255,255,1); $black = rgba(0,0,0,1); Variables Thursday, September 12, 13

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/*.scss*/ @mixin border-radius( $value : 10px ) { ! -webkit-border-radius: $value; ! -moz-border-radius: $value; ! ! ! border-radius: $value; } Mixins .btn{ @include border-radius(25px); } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Mixins ‣ SASS and Stylus both support basic programming like loops, if/ else, etc. in mixins. ‣ LESS only offers “guarded mixins.” - I hear this is better with the *new* version... Thursday, September 12, 13

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Sparkbox REM Mixin Thursday, September 12, 13

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/*.scss*/ @include rem(padding, 0.5, 1, 4, 3); @include rem(font-size, 1.2, large); Sparkbox REM Mixin Thursday, September 12, 13

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Compass & Bourbon ‣ Compass and Bourbon are mixin libraries for SASS ‣ Takes care of vendor prefixes with mixins ‣ Compass has an ecosystem of plugins built on top of Compass ‣ With config.rb, Compass lets you check the preprocessor config into source control Thursday, September 12, 13

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Compass & Bourbon Thursday, September 12, 13

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Importing ‣ Allows you to break up your styles across files - variables, mixins, reset, all separated ‣ Better than a standard css import Thursday, September 12, 13

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this file will compile to base.css /* base.scss */ @import "compass"; @import "variables"; @import "reset"; @import "mixins"; @import "header"; @import "hero"; @import "whatever"; Importing Thursday, September 12, 13

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Google Chrome Developer Tools & SASS Thursday, September 12, 13

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Source Maps ‣ Using pre-processors does present some new challenges. ‣ Line-numbers are no longer representative of where the code is. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Source Maps ‣ Source maps let Chrome know the source of the generated CSS. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support ‣ head over to chrome://flags - Enable Developer Tools Experiments Thursday, September 12, 13

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Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support ‣ Enable Support for SASS in the Dev Tools options Thursday, September 12, 13

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Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support ‣ Enable support for Source maps Thursday, September 12, 13

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The last step is to turn on debug info in our CSS /* config.rb */ sass_options = { :debug_info => true } or /* command line */ sass --watch -g scss/:css/ Setup Chrome for SASS Source Maps Support Thursday, September 12, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Codekit http://incident57.com/codekit/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Scout http://mhs.github.com/scout-app/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources Compass http://compass-style.org/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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CSS PREPROCESSORS Resources SASS Primer http://thesassway.com/beginner/getting- started-with-sass-and-compass Thursday, September 12, 13

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_40em.scss aside { width: 50%; } Breakpoint Based Partials base.scss @import “smallest”; @media (min-width: 40em) { @import “40em”; } @media (min-width: 60em) { @import “60em”; } no-mq.scss @import “40em”; @import “60em”; _60em.scss aside { width: 30%; } _smallest.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%;} Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve large layout to old IE without JS ‣ Only 1 or 2 requests ‣ Requires preprocessor ‣ Maintenance can be complex Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Major Approaches ‣ Single CSS File ‣ Multiple CSS Files ‣ Breakpoint Based Partials ‣ Module Based Partials Thursday, September 12, 13

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HTML If < IE9 and not IE Mobile If >= IE9 or IE Mobile or not IE Module Based Partials no-mq.css All styles with no MQs mq.css All styles with MQs http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/ structuring_and_serving_styles_for_older_browsers Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials index.html Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials mq.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 40em) { aside { width: 50%; } } @media (min-width: 60em) { aside { width: 30%; } } no-mq.css aside { color: #333; width: 100%; width: 50%; width: 30%; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials mq.scss @import “compass”; @import “sb-media”; @import “aside”; @import “nav”; @import “footer”; ... no-mq.scss @import “compass”; @import “sb-media”; $sb-no-mq-support: true; @import “aside”; @import “nav”; @import “footer”; ... Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials _aside.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%; @include sb-media(40em) { width: 50%; } @include sb-media(60em) { width: 30%; } } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials _aside.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%; @include sb-media(40em) { width: 50%; } @include sb-media(60em) { width: 30%; } } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials _aside.scss aside { color: #333; width: 100%; @include sb-media(40em) { width: 50%; } @include sb-media(60em) { width: 30%; } } $sb-no-mq-support: true; aside { color: #333; width: 100%; width: 50%; width: 30%; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Module Based Partials $no-‐mq-‐support: false !default; $serve-‐to-‐nomq-‐max-‐width:60em; @mixin sb-‐media($query) { @if $no-‐mq-‐support{ @if $query < $serve-‐to-‐nomq-‐max-‐width { @content; } } @else { @media ( 'min-‐width:' + $query ) { @content; } } } https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media Thursday, September 12, 13

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https://github.com/sparkbox/SB-Media Thursday, September 12, 13

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https://github.com/Team-Sass/ breakpoint Thursday, September 12, 13

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SERVING RWD STYLES Module Based Partials ‣ Single Request ‣ Easy Maintenance ‣ Allows you to start with small layouts and serve large layout to old IE without JS ‣ Requires Preprocessor Thursday, September 12, 13

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This is so much more natural. Thursday, September 12, 13

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THERE IS NO BREAKPOINT Thursday, September 12, 13

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There is no Breakpoint aside { // general styles // major shift at 40em // major shift at 60em ... } aside { // general styles // major shift at 40em // minor tweak at 42em // minor tweak at 53.5em // minor tweak at 56em // major shift at 60em // minor tweak at 72.2em // minor tweak at 74em ... } Thursday, September 12, 13

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There is no Breakpoint Media Query Bookmarklet (by @robtarr) Thursday, September 12, 13

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There is no Breakpoint Thursday, September 12, 13

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Relax. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Think more modularly. Try something like SMACSS (from @snookca). Thursday, September 12, 13

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Element Queries http://www.xanthir.com/b4PR0 Thursday, September 12, 13

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http://seesparkbox.com/foundry/there_is_no_breakpoint There is no Breakpoint http://www.markboulton.co.uk/journal/theinbetween The In-Between http://www.jordanm.co.uk/post/43147197731/the-in-between The In-Between (2) Thursday, September 12, 13

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Discussion ‣ How are you serving RWD styles today? ‣ How do you “support” older IE? Thursday, September 12, 13

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MAKING EVERYTHING FLUID CREATING FLEXIBILITY Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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It starts with the grid Thursday, September 12, 13

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body { width: 1000px; } div.main { width: 700px; } aside { width: 280px; } It starts with the grid body { width: 100%; } div.main { width: 70%; } aside { width: 28%; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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body { width: 1000px; } div.main { width: 700px; } It starts with the grid body { width: 100%; } div.main { width: 70%; } target / context = % 700 / 1000 = .7 .7 = 70% Thursday, September 12, 13

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body { width: 1000px; } aside { width: 280px; } It starts with the grid body { width: 100%; } aside { width: 28%; } target / context = % 280 / 1000 = .28 .28 = 28% Thursday, September 12, 13

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Responsive grid systems Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY RWD Grid Systems ‣ Foundation ‣ Bootstrap ‣ Skeleton ‣ Responsive.gs ‣ Columnal ‣ ...this list goes on, and on, and on Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Semantic RWD Grid Systems ‣ Semantic.gs ‣ Susy ‣ Zen Grids Thursday, September 12, 13

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@column-width: 60; @gutter-width: 20; @columns: 12; @total-width: 100%; header { .column(12); } article { .column(12); } aside { .column(12); } @media (min-width: 38em) { article { .column(8); } aside { .column(4); } } Semantic.gs Thursday, September 12, 13

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@column-width: 60; @gutter-width: 20; @columns: 12; @total-width: 100%; header { @include column(12); } article { @include column(12); } aside { @include column(12); } @media (min-width: 38em) { article { @include column(8); } aside { @include column(4); } } Semantic.gs Thursday, September 12, 13

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Semantic.gs @column-width: 60; @gutter-width: 20; @columns: 12; @total-width: 100%; header { @include column(12); } article { @include column(12); } aside { @include column(12); } @media (min-width: 38em) { article { @include column(8); } aside { @include column(4); } } Thursday, September 12, 13

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Or, just roll your own Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Thursday, September 12, 13

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[AppendAround Demo] Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Layout Patterns ‣ Source order stacking ‣ Content choreography ‣ Off canvas Thursday, September 12, 13

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Easiest to show a few examples: http://jasonweaver.name/lab/offcanvas/ http://mashable.com/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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There are many, many combinations of these basic ideas http://bit.ly/U4N5qH (http://bradfrost.github.com/this-is-responsive/patterns.html) Thursday, September 12, 13

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There are some really cool new layout modules coming... Thursday, September 12, 13

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http://www.netmagazine.com/tutorials/ master-new-css-layout-properties Thursday, September 12, 13

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http://www.fivesimplesteps.com/ products/css3-layout-modules Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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Type flexes by default Thursday, September 12, 13

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We need to consider readability Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Responsive Typography ‣ Small screen != small font-size ‣ Consider contrast ‣ If text has links, give adequate room to touch them ‣ Viewport-based type sizing Thursday, September 12, 13

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@snookca http://snook.ca/technical/colour_contrast/ colour.html @leaverou http://leaverou.github.com/contrast-ratio/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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vw & vh CSS Units Thursday, September 12, 13

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JS Alternatives Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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img { max-width: 100%; } Flexible Images Thursday, September 12, 13

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http://bit.ly/12TbTX4 (http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/CtLDb) Thursday, September 12, 13

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The image problem(s) Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image problem(s) ‣ Content ‣ Bandwidth ‣ Pixel density Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Content Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Bandwidth As of March of 2012, 86% of the sites on mediaqueri.es demonstrated the same weight and load time at resolutions from 300ish to 1200ish. via @guypod http://www.guypo.com/mobile/performance-implications-of- responsive-design-book-contribution/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Bandwidth Responsive & Responsible via @scotjehl https://speakerdeck.com/scottjehl/responsive-responsible http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1565 Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Image: Pixel Density Most new mobile devices have high pixel density displays: Apple iPhone 4+: 326 PPI Amazon Kindle Fire HD 8.9: 254 PPI Nokia Lumia 920: 332 PPI BlackBerry Z10: 356 PPI Samsung Galaxy Note: 285 PPI Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image problem(s) ‣ Content ‣ Bandwidth ‣ Pixel density Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY The image solution(s) ‣ SVG ‣ Icon fonts ‣ Pixel-density media queries ‣ Compressive ‣ Picturefill ‣ User preference Thursday, September 12, 13

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SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) ‣ Allows the image to be resolution independent. ‣ Support isn’t very good for older browsers. ‣ We can use Modernizr to detect if the browser supports SVG and provide a .png fallback for those that do not. Thursday, September 12, 13

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@dbushell wrote a great primer for SVG Thursday, September 12, 13

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Icon Fonts ‣ Fonts by default are resolution independent, Icon fonts are no different. ‣ http://icomoon.io/app/ allows you to create your own icon fonts ‣ They do require a bit more markup, and JS for IE 7 and lower. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Search Icon Font Markup /*.scss*/ [data-icon]:before { content: attr(data-icon); font-family: 'icon-font-family'; speak: none; } Thursday, September 12, 13

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“Compressive” Images ‣ http://bit.ly/Sygdey ‣ Increase the image dimensions ‣ Add massive compression ‣ Scale the image in the browser Thursday, September 12, 13

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Pixel Density MQs ‣ Detect the pixel ratio of the device and serve a second, higher-res image. ‣ Retina devices now have to make an additional request for the retina asset. Thursday, September 12, 13

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/*.scss*/ @media only all and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) { .logo { background-image: url(/i/logo-2x.png); background-size: 100%; } } Pixel Density MQs Also need other browser prefixes Thursday, September 12, 13

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Picturefill ‣ https://github.com/scottjehl/ picturefill ‣ Polyfill for the new element Thursday, September 12, 13

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Picturefill Thursday, September 12, 13

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User Preference ‣ Allow the user to choose what experience they would like to have on their device: “HD” or “SD”. Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Tables http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/xvmCe Thursday, September 12, 13

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RWD Table Patterns [demo] Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY What Needs to Flex ‣ Grids ‣ Layout ‣ Typography ‣ Images ‣ Tables ‣ Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Intrinsic Ratios http://codepen.io/bencallahan/pen/KICkl Thursday, September 12, 13

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CREATING FLEXIBILITY Video Thursday, September 12, 13

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Creating flexibility requires experimentation Thursday, September 12, 13

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Creating flexibility requires Thursday, September 12, 13

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Discussion ‣ What content types have we not addressed? ‣ What specific challenges are you facing in creating flexibility? Thursday, September 12, 13

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UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS AND CHALLENGES NAVIGATION AND RWD Thursday, September 12, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Thursday, September 12, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Thursday, September 12, 13

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Small sites often allow simpler solutions. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas Thursday, September 12, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://seesparkbox.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://forgeideas.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://contentsmagazine.com Thursday, September 12, 13

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Simple Nav Examples ‣ Simple Row ‣ Jump to Content ‣ Jump to Footer ‣ Top Stacked Off Canvas http://2012.dconstruct.org/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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Most sites have to work a bit harder to accommodate their content. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Complex Nav Causes ‣ Large volume of content - Legacy content - Dynamic content ‣ Broad architecture - Lots of content types/categories ‣ Deep architecture - Lots of children and nesting Thursday, September 12, 13

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Before accommodating all the things, it’s not a cop- out to question the things. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Attack the right nav. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Complex Nav Causes ‣ Poor Information Architecture - Unnecessarily broad or deep due to inefficiency or poor planning ‣ Poor Content Strategy - Unnecessarily large due to a lack of governance, ownership, or intentionality POSSIBLE ROOT Thursday, September 12, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Thursday, September 12, 13

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Small screens aren’t just horizontally small. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Landscape iPhone: 320 px (~150px w/ keyboard:) Thursday, September 12, 13

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Don’t make small screens smaller by eating up vertical space with nav. Thursday, September 12, 13

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http://www.tuj.ac.jp/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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http:// seesparkbox.com/ foundry Thursday, September 12, 13

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Take ALL the navigation into account. Thursday, September 12, 13

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http://skinnyties.com/ color/blue/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Thursday, September 12, 13

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“Users don’t resize their browser. That’s a developer behavior.” Thursday, September 12, 13

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Our users are viewing our sites at multiple resolutions. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Familiarity breeds usability. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Are our off-canvas and other RWD-inspired patterns doing more harm than good? Thursday, September 12, 13

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Pros & Cons from http:// thenextweb.com/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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Do we need to change the user’s pattern at all? Thursday, September 12, 13

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http:// www.polygon.com/ Thursday, September 12, 13

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NAVIGATION AND RWD Major Issues ‣ Site Depth and Breadth ‣ Screen Real Estate ‣ Cross-width Consistency ‣ Interaction Patterns Thursday, September 12, 13

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There is no right answer. Thursday, September 12, 13

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Patterns Galore ‣ Toggle ‣ Footer Anchor ‣ Select Menu ‣ Multi-Toggle ‣ Off Canvas ‣ Breadcrumbs ‣ More... http://bradfrost.github.com/this-is-responsive/patterns.html Thursday, September 12, 13