CE Team Day Learning Agile Using Lego Nicolas Brown, Agile Lead [email protected] 

The Agile Manifesto 4 Values Working Software over Comprehensive Documentation Customer Collaboration over Contract Negotiation Responding to Change over Following a Plan Individuals & Interactions over Process & Tools 

The evolution of Agile... 

The kanban method Foundational Principles • Start with what you do now • Agree to pursue evolutionary change • Respect the current roles, responsibilities and job titles • Encourage acts of leadership at all levels Core Practices • Visualise the work • Limit work in progress (WIP) • Manage flow • Make process policies explicit • Implement feedback loops • Improve collaboratively, evolve experimentally 

Why Agile? Agile enables organisations to cope with continuous change. It permits them to flourish in a world that is increasingly volatile, complex and ambiguous. As managing software becomes central to the success of most business, Agile is becoming key to the management of everything. 

Why Agile? Agile is about working smarter, rather than harder. It’s not about doing more work in less time; it’s about generating more value with less work. 

Picture the scene... ● The Client Exec team now produce different types of products for people in PwC ● Your services are in high demand, with eager customers wanting their product ASAP ● We have 3 teams: - Animal Farm (building animals) - The Skywalkers (building Star Wars memorabilia) - P vehicle C (building different transport vehicles) ● With 1 build team (1 person) and 1 test team (1 person), resources are limited ● Therefore we must find the best way to deliver to keep all customers (3-4 people) happy ● The accountant (1 person) will track the delay cost each round ● You will use the Kanban board to make your work visible ● Using Lego, we will aim to introduce Agile principles to our work 

To Do In Progress Ready for Testing In Testing Done 

To Do In Progress Ready for Testing In Testing Done 

To Do In Progress Ready for Testing In Testing Done 

To Do In Progress Ready for Testing In Testing Done 

To Do In Progress Ready for Testing In Testing Done 

To Do In Progress Ready for Testing In Testing Done 

1 minute to self-organise! 

P vehicle C 

Product: PwRc ● Your product is PWrC ● Your role in PwC is a Manager, you’re always under pressure to deliver, but you will always get the Partners project getting priority over yours ● The cost of delay for your product is £600 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 100 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 6 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: PwRc ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: PwRc ● You can only test once the car AND remote are built ● Make sure all colours match the picture ● The car must move when pushed by your finger, if broken it will have to be rebuilt 

Product: PriceWaterBoat ● Your product is PriceWaterBoat ● Your role in PwC is an Associate, your product is a good idea but you’ll have to wait in line behind those senior to you before it gets done ● The cost of delay for your product is £300 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 60 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 5 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: PriceWaterBoat ● Check the pieces and colours match the match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: PriceWaterBoat ● Make sure all colours match the picture(s) provided ● Be careful! The sail can be moved when pushed, if broken it will have to be rebuilt ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer 

Product: Apollo PwC ● Your product is a spaceship - Apollo PwC ● Your role in PwC is a Partner, this is your pet project and you are the most senior person in the company, therefore you will ALWAYS be first in line ● The cost of delay for your product is £800 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 200 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 4 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Apollo PwC ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Apollo PwC ● Make sure all colours match the picture(s) provided, in particular the flames! ● No physical test is possible for this item...so use your imagination! 

Accountant Guidelines ● Cost of delay is the combined cost to P vehicle C every second products are not completed Product Cost of Delay Duration CD3 Score PWrC £600/second 100 seconds 6 PriceWater Boat £300/second 60 seconds 5 Apollo PwC £800/second 200 seconds 4 ● Until an item is delivered, we incur the cost of delay for all 3 items combined which is £1700 (£600+£300+£800) every second. ● The cost of delay is reduced when an item is delivered, for example: When PWrC is delivered the cost of delay drops to £1100 per second (£300+£800) as the other two items are not finished 

The Skywalkers 

Product: Y-Wing Starfighter ● Your product is a Y-Wing Starfighter ● Your role in PwC is a Manager, you’re always under pressure to deliver, but you will always get the Partners project getting priority over yours ● The cost of delay for your product is £600 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 100 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 6 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Y-Wing Starfighter ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Y-Wing Starfighter ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer 

Product: The Ghost ● Your product is The Ghost ● Your role in PwC is an Associate, your product is a good idea but you’ll have to wait in line behind those senior to you before it gets done ● The cost of delay for your product is £300 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 60 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 5 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: The Ghost ● Check the pieces and colours match the match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: The Ghost ● Make sure all colours match the picture(s) provided ● Be careful! Don’t get your fingers caught in the crocodiles jaws! ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer 

Product: Rogue One TIE Striker ● Your product is Rogue One TIE Striker ● Your role in PwC is a Manager, you’re always under pressure to deliver, but you will always get the Partners project getting priority over yours ● The cost of delay for your product is £450 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 100 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 4.5 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Rogue One TIE Striker ● Check the pieces and colours match the match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Rogue One TIE Striker ● Make sure all colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer 

Product: Millenium Falcon ● Your product is Millenium Falcon ● Your role in PwC is a Partner, this is your pet project and you are the most senior person in the company, therefore you will ALWAYS be first in line ● The cost of delay for your product is £800 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 200 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 4 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Millenium Falcon ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Millenium Falcon ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

Accountant Guidelines ● Cost of delay is the combined cost to The Skywalkers every second products are not completed Product Cost of Delay Duration CD3 Score Y-Wing Starfighter £600/second 100 seconds 6 The Ghost £300/second 60 seconds 5 Rogue One TIE Striker £450/second 200 seconds 4.5 Millenium Falcon £800/second 200 seconds 4 ● Until an item is delivered, we incur the cost of delay for all 4 items combined which is £2150 (£600+£300+£450+£800) every second. ● The cost of delay is reduced when an item is delivered, for example: When Y-Wing Starfighter is delivered the cost of delay drops to £1550 per second (£300+£450+£800) as the other three items are not finished 

Animal Farm 

Product: Irrelephant Market ● Your product is Irrelephant Market ● Your role in PwC is a Manager, you’re always under pressure to deliver, but you will always get the Partners project getting priority over yours ● The cost of delay for your product is £600 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 100 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 6 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Irrelephant Market ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Irrelephant Market ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer 

Product: Don’t step on my croc(s) ● Your product is Don’t step on my croc(s) ● Your role in PwC is an Associate, your product is a good idea but you’ll have to wait in line behind those senior to you before it gets done ● The cost of delay for your product is £300 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 60 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 5 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Don’t step on my croc(s) ● Check the pieces and colours match the match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Don’t step on my croc(s) ● Make sure all colours match the picture(s) provided ● Be careful! Don’t get your fingers caught in the crocodiles jaws! ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer 

Product: Who Let The Doggo Out ● Your product is Who Let The Doggo Out ● Your role in PwC is a Partner, this is your pet project and you are the most senior person in the company, therefore you will ALWAYS be first in line ● The cost of delay for your product is £800 per second ● The duration to develop your product is 200 seconds ● CD3 = Cost of Delay Duration ● Your CD3 score is 4 ● You need to note the time when work starts on your product (moves to the In Progress column), to when work finishes (moves to the Done column), calculating the total number of seconds 

Spec: Who Let The Doggo Out ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

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Testing: Who Let The Doggo Out ● Check the pieces and colours match the picture(s) provided ● Any changes to design must be agreed by you, the build team and customer ● All pieces must be separated prior to starting the next round 

Accountant Guidelines ● Cost of delay is the combined cost to Animal Farm every second products are not completed Product Cost of Delay Duration CD3 Score Irrelephant Market £600/second 100 seconds 6 Don’t step on my croc(s) £300/second 60 seconds 5 Who Let The Doggo Out £800/second 200 seconds 4 ● Until an item is delivered, we incur the cost of delay for all 3 items combined which is £1700 (£600+£300+£800) every second. ● The cost of delay is reduced when an item is delivered, for example: When Irrelephant Market is delivered the cost of delay drops to £1100 per second (£300+£800) as the other two items are not finished 

Round 1: Utilisation ● Build team: - You are 100% utilised, every 30 seconds you MUST switch project (the facilitator will shout out ‘Change’) ● Test team: - You can only verify the product once ALL pieces are combined and the product is handed over to you, please use the test guidelines provided. - Only once testing passes can the product be handed off and seen by the customer. - If it breaks it goes back and MUST be fixed regardless of what else is being worked on. ● Customer: - You must note the time when work starts on your request and the time when you receive your product and provide the facilitator with the cycle time (in seconds) - No talking to other customers, the builder or tester, you have a day job to do! ● Accountant: - For every second products are not complete, they are costing us money. Your job is to calculate how much this is, using the cost of delay figures provided 

Round 2: Limit WIP, HiPPO rules ● Build team: - You must only work on one product at a time (determined by HiPPO), and can only start the next product once the previous one has finished. If there is a conflict of the same grade the partner decides. ● Test team: - Same rules as before, but you are allowed to talk to the customer ONLY ● Customer: - Same as before, but you can talk to the tester but not the builder OR other customers and you can only do this when your product is in progress. ● Accountant: - Same as previous round 

Round 3: Introducing Cost of Delay ● Build team: - Only work on one product at a time (determined by CD3), only starting once an item is finished. - You are allowed to talk to the customer, feel free to offer suggestions to improve the product and time to market ● Test team: - You are now allowed to talk to the customer and build team. ● Customer: - Same as before, but you can now discuss your portfolio together to help determine what comes first using CD3 score ● Accountant: - Same as previous round 

The results are in... 

Product Round Cycle Time (seconds) Apollo PwC Round 1 546 Round 2 135 Round 3 85 PWrC Round 1 326 Round 2 86 Round 3 60 PriceWaterBoat Round 1 511 Round 2 110 Round 3 90 Cycle Times & Costs Round Delay Cost Round 1 £785,700 Round 2 £339,900 Round 3 £269,000 

Product Round Cycle Time (seconds) Irrelephant Market Round 1 960 Round 2 151 Round 3 46 Don’t step on my croc(s) Round 1 630 Round 2 138 Round 3 67 Who let the doggo out Round 1 785 Round 2 153 Round 3 89 Cycle Times & Costs Round Delay Cost Round 1 £1,428,000 Round 2 £478,800 Round 3 £223,100 

Product Round Cycle Time (seconds) Y-Wing Starfighter Round 1 295 Round 2 265 Round 3 97 The Ghost Round 1 286 Round 2 128 Round 3 78 Rogue One TIE Striker Round 1 536 Round 2 135 Round 3 117 Millenium Falcon Round 1 656 Round 2 137 Round 3 95 Cycle Times & Costs Round Delay Cost Round 1 £1,028,800 Round 2 £955,900 Round 3 £476,405 

Can we relate to working this way? 

What about applying this to the work you do? 

KanbanFlow - Your personal agility tool... 

KanbanFlow - Your personal agility tool... 

KanbanFlow - Your personal agility tool... 

KanbanFlow - Your personal agility tool... 

KanbanFlow - Your personal agility tool... 

Lean Coffee Meetings 

© 2017 PwC. All rights reserved. PwC refers to the PwC network and/or one or more of its member firms, each of which is a separate legal entity. Please see www.pwc.com/structure for further details. Nicolas Brown, Agile Lead [email protected] @nbrown02 Thank you!