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Wir lösen das – persönlich! Modernizing systems with Microservices, Hystrix and RxJava Holger Kraus, Arne Landwehr Berlin Expert Days, Berlin, Sep 18, 2015

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH A typical system

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH The context

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Current problems ‣ Maintenance is difficult ‣ New features need a lot of time ‣ Very unstable ‣ Outdated technology ‣ Doesn’t scale + frustrated developers :(

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Stabilize first!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH External dependencies here! here! and also here!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Cascading Failures https://www.flickr.com/photos/benstassen/2991003141/

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Stability patterns ‣ Timeouts ‣ Circuit Breaker ‣ Bulkheads 
 … Fail Fast, Steady State , Handshaking, Test Harness, Decoupling Middleware

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Timeout https://www.flickr.com/photos/55293400@N07/15564061004

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Bulkheads https://www.flickr.com/photos/10413717@N08/6935206524

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Ships http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanic#/media/File:Titanic_Structure_de.svg

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Bulkheads and IT ‣ Thread pools ‣ Database connection pools ‣ Instances ‣ Server ‣ Data center

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Circuit Breaker https://www.flickr.com/photos/leafbug/409950515/

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Circuit Breaker http://martinfowler.com/bliki/CircuitBreaker.html

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH ‣ Library from Netflix ‣ Resilience Library ‣ Command Pattern ‣ Metrics ‣ Dashboard Hystrix

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Use Cases let’s pick this one!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Search Products 2. find external products 1. search products 3. find internal products 4. return internal + external products

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Search Products

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Call without Hystrix cascading failures incoming!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Simple Command

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Execute it!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Execute it asynchronously

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Fallback

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH In case Merchant 2 is down: something is missing here

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH The stabilized system

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Demo

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH And now?

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Current problems ‣ Maintenance is difficult ‣ New features need a lot of time ‣ Very unstable => enables further distribution ‣ Outdated technology ‣ Doesn’t scale

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH https://www.flickr.com/photos/donmaedi/116013352

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Monozon is a typical Monolith ‣ hidden dependencies ‣ module boundaries are not clear ‣ distributed business processes ‣ just one technical platform ‣ Everything depends on everything

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH We need a clear cut! https://www.flickr.com/photos/taefit/8528632756

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Our mission: Creating smaller systems that are ‣ understandable ‣ enhanceable ‣ have clear boundaries and responsibilities ‣ allow technological diversity

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH The typical cut

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Vertical Services, one UI

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Self contained Systems

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Micro architecture ‣ Separate (redundant) persistence ‣ Internal, separate logic ‣ Domain models & implementation strategies ‣ Separate UI ‣ Separate development and evolution

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Domain architecture ‣ System boundaries reflect business dependencies ‣ defines who is responsible for which data ‣ follows the principle of ‣ loose coupling ‣ high cohesion

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH From internal structure

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH To autonomous systems

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Ask the monolith ‣ identify Bounded Contexts ‣ define boundaries explicitly ‣ The experience with the monolith helps to create clear system boundaries

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Connect! https://www.flickr.com/photos/npobre/8189066572

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Macro architecture ‣ defines standards across systems ‣ UI integration ‣ communication protocols ‣ representation formats ‣ data redundancy ‣ logging, monitoring, security

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Smart endpoints, dump pipes! http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html Martin Fowler, James Lewis

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Consequences ‣ Transactions contexts are bound to just one system ‣ Data should be just changed by the systems that are responsible for it ‣ Processes need Data that are spread over various systems

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Connecting data

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Synchronous vs. Asynchronous

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Time for RxJava! ‣ Reactive Extensions for the JVM ‣ Asynchronous streams ‣ Elements of ‣ Iterator patter ‣ Observable pattern ‣ Functional programming

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH https://speakerdeck.com/benjchristensen/functional-reactive-programming-with-rxjava-javaone-2013

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH RxJava in one picture https://speakerdeck.com/benjchristensen/functional-reactive-programming-with-rxjava-javaone-2013

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Create streams Doesn’t work for us!!!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Better

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Converting into a stream

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Transforming with map http://reactivex.io/RxJava/javadoc/rx/Observable.html

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH map in action

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Combining with merge http://reactivex.io/RxJava/javadoc/rx/Observable.html

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH merge in action

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Collecting details with flatMap http://reactivex.io/RxJava/javadoc/rx/Observable.html

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Combining streams with zip http://reactivex.io/RxJava/javadoc/rx/Observable.html

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH flatMap and zip in action

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Blocking streams

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Systems connected

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH How could you start? https://www.flickr.com/photos/epemsl/8790814488

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Our goal was to make you curious!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Find your own way!

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Summary ‣ Use Hystrix to stabilize your system! ‣ Use RxJava to increase the amount of async/parallel processes in an easy way! ‣ Introduce Microservices to get control over your system again! ‣ Have fun :)

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© 2015 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Thank you! [email protected] [email protected]