Principles and Practices for Pruning Trees Around the Home and Landscape

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Principles and Practices for Pruning Trees Around the Home & Landscape 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 P. Eric Wiseman, PhD Associate Professor of Urban and Community Forestry Dept. of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Virginia Tech [email protected] linktr.ee/EricWiseman @vtarborist Source: www.thetreecenter.com/the-basics-of-tree-trimming

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02  26 Presentation Outline o Purpose of tree pruning o Tree biology background o Tree pruning tools o Tree pruning methods o Pruning trees safely Goal: Be able to recognize tree pruning needs and perform basic tree pruning safely and effectively 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023

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03  26 Purpose of Tree Pruning 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Trees Around Our Homes and Landscapes

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04  26 Purpose of Tree Pruning 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Pruning is selective removal of tree parts to achieve a management objective Appearance Health Safety Functionality Size Shape Density Flowering Tidiness Sanitation Eradication Light infiltration Air flow Crown:root balance Defects Storm damage Utility clearance Site lines Wildfire buffer Screening Wind break Vistas Fruit Solar access

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05  26 Tree Biology Background 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023

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06  26 Tree Biology Background 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Trunk Lateral Branch (Child) Terminal Branch (Parent)

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07  26 Tree Biology Background 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Trunk or Parent Branch Branch Bark Ridge Branch Collar Lateral Branch Branch Union Branch Callus Trees Don’t Heal – They Seal

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08  26 Tree Pruning Tools 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Clipping Tools Sawing Tools Pole Tools Size ¼” 2”

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09  26 Tree Pruning Tools 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Clipping Tools Sawing Tools Pole Tools Size 4” 8”

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10  26 Tree Pruning Tools 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Clipping Tools Sawing Tools Pole Tools

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11  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Crown Cleaning Crown Thinning Crown Raising Crown Reducing Best Practices • Avoid excessive removal of leaf area • Avoid large-diameter cuts (wounds) • Avoid removing large branches at trunk • Avoid growing-season for some pests • Pruning sealants typically not needed • Hire a qualified arborist for big jobs

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12  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Before Cleaning After Cleaning Source: Tree Care Industry Association . (2010). Tree Care Specialist Training Manual.

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13  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Before Thinning After Thinning Source: Tree Care Industry Association . (2010). Tree Care Specialist Training Manual.

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14  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023

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15  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Before Raising After Raising Source: Tree Care Industry Association . (2010). Tree Care Specialist Training Manual.

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16  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Source: saveberwyntrees.blogspot.com/2014/05/trees.html Source: hort.ifas.ufl.edu/woody/pruning.shtml

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17  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Before Reducing After Reducing Source: Tree Care Industry Association . (2010). Tree Care Specialist Training Manual.

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18  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Source: www.spsonline.com/sps Source: washingtondnr.wordpress.com

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19  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 1 3 2 Three-Cut Method of Branch Removal Rip Cut

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20  26 Tree Pruning Methods 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Source: hort.ifas.ufl.edu/woody/pruning.shtml Collar Cut Flush Cut Stub Cut Branch bark ridge and collar intact Branch bark ridge and collar damaged Excess branch remains

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21  26 Pruning Trees Safely 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Personal Protective Equipment

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22  26 Pruning Trees Safely 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023

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23  26 Pruning Trees Safely 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023 Source: nlhydro.com/good-to-know/never-cut-trees-near-power-lines Source: www.powerwater.com.au/customers/safety-and-emergencies/updates/trees-and-powerlines

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24  26 Pruning Trees Safely 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023

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o Have a clear objective for pruning to avoid wasted effort and tree stress o Choose suitable tools and keep them maintained for safe, efficient pruning o Use pruning methods that are suitable for the tree species, age, and vitality o Wear personal protective equipment and hire a qualified arborist if unsure of what to prune or how to prune it 25  26 Take Home Messages Source: unsplash.com/photos/UewgGfZgYj0 2023 Southwest Landowner Woods & Wildlife Conference • Feb. 11, 2023