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RailsͱDBͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯॲཧ &CJTVSC

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ࡾ୩ণฏ Έͨʹ͠ΐ͏΁͍ ͠ΐʔ΁ʔ ָఱגࣜձࣾʢݩ'BCMJDʣ &OHJOFFS ɹ!TIPIFJ

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ࠓ೔ͷ࿩ w.Z42-ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯʹ͍ͭͯ wόϦσʔγϣϯॲཧͱϩοΫͷམͱ݀͠

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എܠ w ೖۚγεςϜͰΤϥʔ͕ൃੜ w .ZTRM%VQMJDBUFFOUSZbʜ`GPSLFZbdJOEFY`*/4&35ʜ w ϩοΫ੍ޚ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔՕॴ w ॏෳνΣοΫ΋ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ w ͳͥʁʁʁ

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֘౰ͷιʔείʔυʢΠϝʔδʣ def index … ActiveRecord::Base.transaciton do order = Order.find(params[:order_id]) item = Item.lock.find(order.item_id) return … if payment_finished?(order, item) … Settlement.create(…) item.paid end end def payment_finished?(order, item) settlement = Settlement.find_by(order_id: order.id) settlement.present? && item.paid? end

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ίʔυͷલʹ%#ͷ͓࿩ʜ

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.Z42-ͷඞਢ஌ࣝᶃɿ෼཭Ϩϕϧ • μʔςΟϦʔυ • ೋͭͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕͋ͬͨͱ͖ʹɺยํͷະίϛοτͷσʔλ͕औಘͰ͖ Δ͜ͱ • ϑΝδʔϦʔυ • τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕։࢝ͨ͠ޙʹଞ͕ߋ৽ɺ࡟আͯ͠ίϛοτͨ͠σʔλ͕औಘͰ ͖Δ͜ͱ • ϑΝϯτϜϦʔυ • ϑΝδʔϦʔυͷInsert൛ • ϩετΞοϓσʔτ • ଞͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ίϛοτ͢ΔલͷσʔλͰɺ৽͍͠σʔλΛॻ͖׵͑ͯ͠ ·͏͜ͱ τϥϯβΫγϣϯʹؔ܎͢Δ໰୊ʢଞʹ΋΋ͬͱ͋ΔΑʜʣ

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.Z42-ͷඞਢ஌ࣝᶃɿ෼཭Ϩϕϧ Լʹߦ͘΄ͲτϥϯβΫγϣϯ಺ͰͷσʔλͷҰ؏ੑ͕ߴ͍ ৄ͘͠͸͜͜ಡΜͰ https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/ja/glossary.html#glos_isolation_level .Z42-ʹ͓͚Δ෼཭ϨϕϧͱτϥϯβΫγϣϯ໰୊ͷ༧๷ঢ়گ

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.Z42-ͷඞਢ஌ࣝᶄɿεφοϓγϣοτ Ͳ͏΍ͬͯϑΝϯτϜϦʔυ͕ղܾ͞Ε͍ͯΔͷ͔ʁʁ 14.2.4 Ұ؏ੑඇϩοΫಡΈऔΓ Ұ؏ੑಡΈऔΓͱ͸ɺInnoDB ͕ϚϧνόʔδϣϯΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ɺ͋Δ࣌఺Ͱͷσʔλϕʔε ͷεφοϓγϣοτΛΫΤϦʔʹఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱΛҙຯ͠·͢ɻΫΤϦʔʹ͸ɺͦͷ࣌఺ΑΓ ΋લʹίϛοτ͞ΕͨτϥϯβΫγϣϯʹΑΔมߋͷΈ͕දࣔ͞Εɺͦͷ࣌఺ΑΓ΋͋ͱͷ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ·ͨ͸ίϛοτ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍τϥϯβΫγϣϯʹΑΔมߋ͸දࣔ͞Ε·ͤ Μɻ …
 τϥϯβΫγϣϯ෼཭Ϩϕϧ͕ REPEATABLE READ (σϑΥϧτͷϨϕϧ) Ͱ͋Δ৔߹͸ɺ ಉ͡τϥϯβΫγϣϯ಺ͷ͢΂ͯͷҰ؏ੑಡΈऔΓͰɺͦͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ಺ͷ࠷ॳͷ͜ ͷΑ͏ͳಡΈऔΓͰཱ֬͞Εͨεφοϓγϣοτ͕ಡΈऔΒΕ·͢ɻݱࡏͷτϥϯβΫγϣ ϯΛίϛοτͨ͋͠ͱʹɺ৽͍͠ΫΤϦʔΛൃߦ͢ΔͱɺΫΤϦʔͷ৽͍͠εφοϓγϣο τΛऔಘͰ͖·͢ɻ IUUQTEFWNZTRMDPNEPDSFGNBOKBJOOPECDPOTJTUFOUSFBEIUNM

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.Z42-ͷඞਢ஌ࣝᶄɿεφοϓγϣοτ উखͳΠϝʔδ εφοϓγϣοτ σʔλϕʔε BIGIN SELECT ~ SELECT ~ UPDATE ~ COMMIT ⁞   ⁠ ⁡

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վΊͯ֘౰ͷιʔείʔυ def index … ActiveRecord::Base.transaciton do order = Order.find(params[:order_id]) item = Item.lock.find(order.item_id) return … if payment_finished?(order, item) … Settlement.create(…) item.paid end end def payment_finished?(order, item) settlement = Settlement.find_by(order_id: order.id) settlement.present? && item.paid? end ͍ͭͷεφοϓγϣοτʁ ͍ͭͷεφοϓγϣοτʁ

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ഉଞ੍ޚͱॏෳνΣοΫ εφοϓ γϣοτ σʔλϕʔε εφοϓ γϣοτ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ" τϥϯβΫγϣϯ# 4&-&$5 4&-&$5'0361%"5& */4&35 61%"5& $0..*5 4&-&$5 4&-&$5'0361%"5& */4&35 61%"5& $0..*5 4&-&$5 4&-&$5 ϩοΫղ์଴ͪ ⁞   ⁠ ⁡ ⁣ ⁢ ⁤ ⁥ ⁦ ➓ ੔߹ੑΛอͯͳ͍ͭͷ εφοϓγϣοτ͕ଘࡏ

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վΊͯ֘౰ͷιʔείʔυ def index … ActiveRecord::Base.transaciton do order = Order.find(params[:order_id]) item = Item.lock.find(order.item_id) return … if payment_finished?(order, item) … Settlement.create(…) item.paid end end def payment_finished?(order, item) settlement = Settlement.find_by(order_id: order.id) settlement.present? && item.paid? end ผτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ ίϛοτΛ൓өͰ͖ͯͳ͍

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ղܾࡦ w ࣮૷໘ w ϩοΫॲཧ͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷॳΊʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ w '0361%"5&͸ϩοΫղ์ޙʹ4&-&$5Λൃߦ͢Δ w "DUJWF3FDPSE#BTFUSBOTBDUJPOΑΓ "DUJWF3FDPSE-PDLJOH1FTTJNJTUJDXJUI@MPDLΛ࢖͏ w ઃܭ໘ w ςʔϒϧΛ୯Ұ੹೚ʹ͢Δ w ςʔϒϧʹΞΫηε͢ΔϦΫΤετΛ੍ݶ͢Δ

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·ͱΊ w .Z42-͸Ұ؏ੑಡΈऔΓʹΑΓϑΝϯτϜϦʔυΛ๷ࢭ͍ͯ͠Δ w ͦͷཪଆͰ͸εφοϓγϣοτ͕࡞੒͞Ε͍ͯΔ w τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛுΔ࣌͸ɺϩοΫͷҐஔʹؾΛ͚ͭΔ

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͝੩ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠