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Core ML vs MPSCNN vs BNNS Shuichi Tsutsumi @shu223

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!!!Core ML!!!

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Core MLͷηογϣϯ͸ Ұ൪େ͖͍ձ৔Ͱ΄΅ຬһ

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ਖ਼ࣜϦϦʔεલʹͯ͠طʹଟ͘ͷਓ͕࿩୊ʹ

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ͪΐɺͪΐͬͱ଴ͬͯ

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ଞͷػցֶशπʔϧͰֶशͨ͠ϞσϧΛ iOSΞϓϦʹ͖࣋ͬͯͯʮਪ࿦ʯΛߦ͏

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ଞͷػցֶशπʔϧͰֶशͨ͠ϞσϧΛ iOSΞϓϦʹ͖࣋ͬͯͯʮਪ࿦ʯΛߦ͏ → ͜Εࣗମ͸ iOS 10 ͔ΒͰ͖ͨ

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Core ML Vision Your App

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Core ML Vision Your App iOS 11

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Core ML Vision Your App iOS 11 iOS 10

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Your App iOS 10

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Your App iOS 10

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Your App iOS 10 ͜ΕͰ΋OK

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Your App iOS 10 • iOS 10Ͱ΋࢖͑Δ • ౰વMetalͰॲཧ͞ΕΔʢMPSCNNͷ৔߹ʣ • ֶशଆ΋ɺTensorFlowͰ΋KerasͰ΋جຊతʹԿͰ΋OK ͜ΕͰ΋OK

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΋͏ਖ਼ࣜϦϦʔε͔Β1೥ۙ͘ܦͭͷʹ ΄ͱΜͲ࿩୊ʹͳͬͯͳ͍

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ʢ୭͔ͷ੠ʣʮલ͔Β͋Δͬͯͷ͸Θ͔ͬͯ ·͢ΑɻͰ΋MPSCNNͬͯػցֶशϑ ϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Βॻ͖ग़ͨ͠Ϟσϧͷωο τϫʔΫͷߏ଄·ͰಡΜͰ͘Εͳ͍Ͱ͠ΐʁ Ͱɺࣗ෼Ͱͦ͜Λ࣮૷͢ΔΜͰ͠ΐʁͦΜ ͳͷΊΜͲͯ͘͘͞΍ͬͯΒΕͳ͍Ͱ͢Αʯ

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͜Ε͸ͦͷ௨Γ

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ͨͩɺ • ͜Ε΄Ͳͷ஫໨౓ͷ͕ࠩɺMPSCNNͷ۩ମతͳܽ఺͔Βདྷ͍ͯΔͱ͸ࢥ͑ͳ͍ • ୯ʹʮMPSCNNͰʰͦΕʱ͕Ͱ͖Δʯͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕஌ΒΕ͍ͯͳ͔͚ͬͨͩͰ͸ʁ • ͔֬ʹɺ৘ใݯ͕Appleͷαϯϓϧ͙Β͍͔͠ͳ͔ͬͨ

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࣮૷खॱ͕໌ࣔ͞ΕͯΕ͹΋ͬͱ࢖͏ਓ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ʁ ʢগͳ͘ͱ΋Core MLʹڵຯ͕͋Δਓ͸ͪ͜Β΋ݕ౼ͯ͠Έͯ΋͍͍͸ͣʣ ࣮૷खॱ͸ʢΘ͔ͬͯΈΕ͹ʣҙ֎ͱγϯϓϧ

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MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨػցֶशػೳͷ ࣮૷खॱ ̏εςοϓ

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Step 1: ϞσϧΛͭ͘Δ

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ֶशπʔϧɿͳΜͰ΋͍͍ Train ʢ˞$//ͷֶश͕Ͱ͖ͯύϥϝʔλΛॻ͖ग़ͤΔ΋ͷͰ͋Ε͹ʣ

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ֶशπʔϧɿͳΜͰ΋͍͍ ϞσϧͷϑΥʔϚοτɿͳΜͰ΋͍͍ Train Model (Trained Params) dat or hdf5 • χϡʔϥϧωοτϫʔΫͷʮॏΈʯ ͱʮόΠΞεʯͱ͍͏ύϥϝʔλ͕ ೖ͍ͬͯΔ • dat͸ͨͩͷόΠφϦϑΝΠϧ • iOSΞϓϦͰಡΈࠐΊ͑͢͞Ε͹ͳ ΜͰ΋͍͍ ʢ˞$//ͷֶश͕Ͱ͖ͯύϥϝʔλΛॻ͖ग़ͤΔ΋ͷͰ͋Ε͹ʣ

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Step 2: ωοτϫʔΫΛ࣮૷͢Δ

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MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNFullyConnected MPSCNNPooling MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNPooling

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MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNFullyConnected MPSCNNPooling MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNPooling CNNͷ֤૚ʹରԠͨ͠Ϋϥε͕MPSʹ༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

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MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNFullyConnected MPSCNNPooling MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNConvolution MPSCNNPooling CNNͷ֤૚ʹରԠͨ͠Ϋϥε͕MPSʹ༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • Convolution Layer -> MPSCNNConvolution ͱ໊લ΋ͦͷ··ͳͷͰɺ࣮૷ʹͦΕ ΄Ͳ໎͏͜ͱ͸ͳ͍ • ΍΍͍͜͠ߦྻܭࢉ΍ɺGPUͰͷฒྻԋࢉͷ࠷దԽ౳Λࣗ෼Ͱҙࣝ͢Δඞཁ΋ͳ͍ • Step1Ͱֶͭͬͨ͘शࡁΈύϥϝʔλ͸ϑΝΠϧ͔ΒಡΜͰ͖ͯϙΠϯλΛ౉͢

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Step 3: ਪ࿦ͷ࣮ߦॲཧΛॻ͘

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Input image MPSImage Result (UInt, etc.) CNN • Step 2Ͱ࣮૷ͨ͠ωοτϫʔΫ • Step 1Ͱֶͭͬͨ͘शࡁΈϞσϧ ʢύϥϝʔλʣΛಡΈࠐΜͰ͍Δ Do something

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؆୯ͦ͏Ͱ͠ΐʁ

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MPSCNNͰ࣮૷ͨ͠ Swiftϩΰೝࣝ • MPSCNNͳͷͰiOS 10Ͱಈ͘

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BUT

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ϩΰೝࣝͷωοτϫʔΫ

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ) ஈҧ͍ʹෳࡶ

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷

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GoogLeNet (Inception v3: Ұൠ෺ମೝࣝ༻ͷϞσϧ)) MPSCNNΛ༻͍ͨAppleʹΑΔެ࣮ࣜ૷ 3,000ߦ" ʢωοτϫʔΫ෦෼͚ͩͰʣ

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͜ΕҎ֎ʹ΋ • ػցֶशπʔϧଆͰόΠφϦϑΝΠϧΛॻ͖ग़͢Α͏ʹ͢Δͷ΋ଟগΊΜͲ͍͘͞ • ֶशࡁΈύϥϝʔλͷೖͬͨόΠφϦσʔλΛಡΈࠐΜͰϙΠϯλΛ౉͢ͱ͔Cͬ Ά͍࣮૷͕ඞཁ • ೖग़ྗͷࡍʹMPSImageͱ͍͏ΫϥεΛѻ͏ඞཁ͕͋Γɺೖྗը૾Λม׵ͨ͠Γ ਪ࿦݁ՌΛऔΓग़ͨ͠Γ͢ΔࡍʹMetalͷϨΠϠʔͰΞϨίϨ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

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͜ΕҎ֎ʹ΋ • ػցֶशπʔϧଆͰόΠφϦϑΝΠϧΛॻ͖ग़͢Α͏ʹ͢Δͷ΋ଟগΊΜͲ͍͘͞ • ֶशࡁΈύϥϝʔλͷೖͬͨόΠφϦσʔλΛಡΈࠐΜͰϙΠϯλΛ౉͢ͱ͔Cͬ Ά͍࣮૷͕ඞཁ • ೖग़ྗͷࡍʹMPSImageͱ͍͏ΫϥεΛѻ͏ඞཁ͕͋Γɺೖྗը૾Λม׵ͨ͠Γ ਪ࿦݁ՌΛऔΓग़ͨ͠Γ͢ΔࡍʹMetalͷϨΠϠʔͰΞϨίϨ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ → ֓೦͸γϯϓϧ͕ͩ΍ͬͺΓ৭ʑΊΜͲ͍͘͞

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Core ML͸πʔϧͰม׵ͯ͠Xcodeϓϩ δΣΫτʹυϥοάˍυϩοϓ͢Δ͚ͩʂ

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VisionΛ࢖͑͹CIImageܕͰೖྗͰ ͖ɺ݁ՌͷऔΓग़͠΋؆୯ → MetalϨΠϠʹҰ੾λον͢Δඞཁͳ͠

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ͦ͏͍͏Θ͚Ͱ

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Your App iOS 10

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Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Core ML Vision Your App iOS 11 iOS 10

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΍ͬͺΓ͋Γ͕͍ͨ###

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·ͱΊ • Core ML͕͜Μͳʹ׻ܴ͞ΕͯΔͷʹʮࠓ͙͢ϦϦʔε൛Ͱ࢖͑ ΔʯMPSCNN͕͋·Γ࿩୊ʹͳͬͯͳ͍ - ৘ใ͕গͳ͘ɺ࢖͍ํ͕఻Θͬͯͳ͍͚ͩͰ͸ͳ͍͔ • MPSCNNΛར༻࣮ͨ͠૷खॱ3εςοϓ - Ϟσϧ࡞੒ˠωοτϫʔΫ࣮૷ˠਪ࿦࣮ߦ - େہతʹΈΕ͹ҙ֎ͱγϯϓϧʹ࢖͑Δ - ͔͠͠ਖ਼௚ͳͱ͜Ζେมͳ෦෼͸͋Δ • ͦ͜Λܶతʹ؆୯ʹͨ͠ͷ͕Core ML & Vision

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͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ɾɾɾ

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Core ML vs MPSCNN vs BNNS

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๨Εͯͨɾɾɾ Metal Performance Shaders Accelerate (BNNS) Core ML Vision Your App

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CNN on CPU?$

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WWDC17ͷMetalϥϘͰฉ͍ͯΈ·ͨ͠ ʮͲ͏΍ͬͯMPSCNNͱBNNSΛ࢖͍෼ ͚ͨΒ͍͍ͷʁʯ

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ʮجຊతʹMPSCNN࢖ͬͯΕ͹͍͍Αʯ %

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ʮ͑ͬɺ͡Ό͋BNNS͍ͭ࢖͏ͷʁʯ

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“I don’t know.” %

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• ͦͷޙɺʮ͋ɺͰ΋Apple Watch͸GPUͳ͍͔ΒɺwatchOSͱ͔͸ BNNSͷ࢖͍Ͳ͜Ζ͔΋Ͷʯͱݴͬͯͨ • ಈ͘ɺͱ͸͍ͬͯ΋͕͢͞ʹ⌚Ͱ͸Ϛγϯύϫʔ͕͖͍ͭͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ ͱʢ˞࣮ػͰࢼͨ͜͠ͱ͸ͳ͍Ͱ͢ʣ • খ͍͞ωοτϫʔΫͰ͸BNNSͷํ͕଎͔ͬͨͱ͍͏هࣄ͸ݟͨ͜ͱ͕ ͋Δʢ+25%ʣ • جຊతʹ͸ BNNSͷ͜ͱ͸๨ΕͯΑͦ͞͏ʢݸਓత݁࿦ʣ

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͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ