Boost your dev environment with Vagrant

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Boost with Vagrant your dev environment Daniel Gomes @danielcsgomes June 12, 2013 europeanspaceagency © http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/europeanspaceagency/3704205848

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AGENDA • Why is distributed environment a good thing • Why and what is Vagrant? • Providers • Provisioning with Puppet 2

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3 ABOUT ME • Full Stack Web Developer @ Sedimap PT • Father, Geek • Zend Certi!ed Engineer PHP 5.3 • Certi!ed Scrum Master • @danielcsgomes

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4 Why is distributed environment a good thing?

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5 let's see...

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6 http://xkcd.com/349/

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“I use *unix” “I use Windows” “You need to change to project B” “Your code does not work in my machine” “I need to install an older version of software y” “New team member? Install all this stu!” “Need to reinstall everything again” “I’m tired to con"gure it over and over again” “Lost one day to con"gure my machine” 7

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HOW 8 MANY TIMES DID IT HAPPEN TO YOU?! sometimes suzie ©: http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/22324124@N07/6186059907

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9 I just want to code!! seamesse © http://www.#ickr.com/photos/seamesse/4722522619

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10 What if of your co-workers? you have the same environment

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11 What if customize and share it? you could replicate,

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12 What if "does not work on my machine" ? you could get rid of the quote

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13 EnterpriseMobility © http://www.#ickr.com/photos/entmobility/5140252625/ how

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14 Distributing environment your development image source © FreeDigitalPhotos.net

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15 with

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http://www.vagrantup.com/ 16

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17 Why Vagrant?

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Is portable and easy to share 18

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Reproducible and customizable 19

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Virtualized and isolated 20

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Allows you to work close to your production environment 21

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and makes your life easier and everyone happy 22

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va•grant (ˈveɪ grənt) Noun: a person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place and lives by begging DEFINITION 23

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What is Vagrant? • Manage virtual machines (such as Virtual Box, VMware, AWS) • Define the configuration in code using a single file • Can use Shell scripts, Puppet, Chef and other tools to provisioning the Virtual Machines • Written in Ruby 24

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How does it work? Will assume you already have Vagrant and a provider installed in your machine (will use Virtual Box because it’s free) 25 http://downloads.vagrantup.com/tags/v1.2.2 https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

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Workflow of vagrant up 26 Vagrantfile Provisioning manifest has provisioning manifest? yes start provisioning the VM VM is running vagrant up downloads the box if needed and loads vagrant configurations (share folders, port forwarding, etc) and starts the VM

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use vagrant 27 how to

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28 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh

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29 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh

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30 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh

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31 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh

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32 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh

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33 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh

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Demo 34 step one https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-one

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Vagrantﬁle 35 Example of

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36 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end

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37 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end

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38 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end

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39 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end

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40 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end

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Demo 41 step two https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-two

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vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy 42 vagrant commands

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43 vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy vagrant init Initializes Vagrant

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44 vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy vagrant up Create and conﬁgure the Virtual Machine

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45 vagrant halt Shutdown the Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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46 vagrant reload Restart the Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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47 vagrant provision Provision a started Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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48 vagrant ssh Access the Virtual Machine via SSH in *unix Outputs the SSH conﬁguration in Windows vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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49 vagrant suspend Suspends the Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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50 vagrant resume Resume a suspended Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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51 vagrant destroy Delete the created Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy

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Providers 52

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default vagrant provider http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/conﬁguration.html 53 and it's free

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available, but’s not free http://www.vagrantup.com/vmware 54

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and other providers are available, using vagrant plugin system http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/plugins/providers.html 55

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Vagrantﬁle conﬁguration 56 Example of with Virtual Box custom options

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http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/conﬁguration.html 57 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end

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http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/conﬁguration.html 58 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end

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http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/conﬁguration.html 59 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end

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http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/conﬁguration.html 60 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end

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http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/conﬁguration.html 61 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end

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Demo 62 step three https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-three

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Provisioning with http://puppetlabs.com/ 63 http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/latest/type.html

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What is Puppet? • Declarative and model-based approach to IT automation • Performs administrative tasks (such as adding users, create folders, installing packages, etc) • Cross OS • Written in Ruby 64

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Vagrant provision with puppet 65 default expected directory structure

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66 $ tree . ├── Vagrantfile └── manifests └── default.pp

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Vagrant with puppet 67 minimum conﬁguration

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68 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true # Vagrant will look inside the "manifests" folder # for the default manifest file "default.pp" config.vm.provision :puppet end

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69 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true # Vagrant will look inside the "manifests" folder # for the default manifest file "default.pp" config.vm.provision :puppet end

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Vagrant with puppet 70 custom conﬁguration

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71 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end

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72 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end

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73 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end

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74 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end

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Vagrant with puppet 75 modules and options conﬁguration puppet modules - http://docs.puppetlabs.com/puppet/2.7/reference/modules_fundamentals.html vagrant docs for puppet provisioning - http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/provisioning/puppet_apply.html

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76 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" # defines the puppet modules folder puppet.module_path = "vagrant/modules" # set puppet options puppet.options = [ '--verbose', '--debug' ] end end

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77 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" # defines the puppet modules folder puppet.module_path = "vagrant/modules" # set puppet options puppet.options = [ '--verbose', '--debug' ] end end

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78 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" # defines the puppet modules folder puppet.module_path = "vagrant/modules" # set puppet options puppet.options = [ '--verbose', '--debug' ] end end

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Puppet manifest 79 Example of

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80 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools

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81 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools

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82 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools

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83 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools

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Demo 84 step four https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-four

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http://ansible.cc/ http://www.opscode.com/chef/ Shell scripts Ansible more provisioning tools 85

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86 how to share your environment?

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• Use (D)VCS (Git, SVN, Mercurial, etc.) • Add the Vagrantfile and provisioning files (puppet, chef, shell scripts, etc) to your repository • Add .vagrant folder to your repository ignore file or your global ignore file. 87

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• When working in multiple projects use port forwarding and networks carefully • Avoid port collision by adding auto_correct: true for each port forwarding • Use --debug on your provision options when something is wrong • Have guest additions always up to date • Improve share folders performance by enabling nfs (is not available on windows) • You can prevent vagrant from running provision using vagrant up --no-provision • Use vewee tool to create base boxes • If you are using Puppet modules, don't forget to add the module dependencies as well Tips and Tricks 88

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89 Awesome but how to use it in the real world?

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90 step !ve a real world use case Demo of • Ubuntu 12.04 • Apache 2.2 • MySQL 5.5 • PHP 5.4 https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-ﬁve

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• Sharing your dev environment saves you time and makes your life easier and everyone happy • Vagrant manages the Virtual Machines using a conﬁguration ﬁle • Default provider is Virtual Box, but VMware and AWS are available too • Vagrant can provision the VM using Puppet, Chef, Shell scripts or other tools Sum up 91

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RESOURCES • Documentation • Vagrant - http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/ • Puppet - http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/latest/type.html • Chef - http://docs.opscode.com/chef/index.html • Ansible - http://ansible.cc/docs/ • Vewee - https://github.com/jedi4ever/veewee • Downloads • Vagrant - http://downloads.vagrantup.com/ • Virtual Box - https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads • VMware - http://www.vmware.com/products/player/ • Source code of the talk demos - http://goo.gl/s1WnR • List of base boxes - http://www.vagrantbox.es/ 92

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@danielcsgomes | [email protected] | http://danielcsgomes.com Jian Awe © http://www.#ickr.com/photos/qqjawe/6511141237 Please give feedback: http://goo.gl/3WcWw Questions?