The Pig That Wants to Be Eaten:
100 Experiments for the Armchair
Philosopher
Julian Baggini
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《自願被吃的豬：100個讓人想破頭的
哲學問題》
朱立安．巴吉尼
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No content
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Warning
This is definitely NOT a pleasant topic.
(For those follow the thought flow)
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Summary
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This book contains 100 Philosoraptors
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Thought Experiment
considers some hypothesis, theory, or principle for the purpose of thinking
through its consequences.
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Thought Experiment
Given the structure of the experiment, it may or may not be possible to
actually perform it
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Thought Experiment
Given the structure of the experiment, it may or may not be possible to
actually perform it, and if it can be performed, there need be no intention of
any kind to actually perform the experiment in question.
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Thought Experiment
The common goal of a thought experiment is to explore the potential
consequences of the principle in question.
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Whatever.
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Famous Thought Experiment
1 Person 5 Workers
The “Trolley problem” proposed by Philippa Foot
Exam
ple
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You have 3 seconds to consider
to SWITCH or NOT
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1 Person 5 Workers
Famous Thought Experiment
＃89 from the book
1 Criminal 5 Workers
Exam
ple
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In this book
Each story contains TWO parts:
1. The story itself
2. Followed discussion
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Facts about discussion part
1. Most of them do not lead to a conclusion
2. Sometimes confusing :(
3. The Chinese translation (in PDF ver) sucks
BEN
NEW
COMPANY
HIRE
PERCY
Sometime later...
Pap
Siutao
David
Edwin
Carmen
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NEW
COMPANY
Edwin
HIRE
PERCY
Many years later...
Pap
Siutao
David
Edwin
Siutao
David
Carmen
The whole team moved to the “new company”.
BEN
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NEW
COMPANY
這還是原本的Oursky嗎？
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NEW
COMPANY
如果是，但它已經沒有最初的任何一個人了；
如果不是，那它是從什麼時候不是的？
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The problem of identity through time
Aristotle:
Oh, let’s distinguished between
“accidental” and “essential” changes
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The problem of identity through time
Aristotle:
“accidental” : Don’t result in a change in identity
“essential” : In contrast, e.g. someone died, a house
is burnt.
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#87
公平的不平等（The fair equality）
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Margaret and John have 3 sons,
aged 14, 12 and 10.
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As Christmas gifts,
Margaret and John want to buy 3 gifts (with equal
value) for the 3 kids.
“Lets be fair to all children”
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Gifts
(Let it be 四驅車)
$100
“Oh, let’s get 3!”
x 3 = $300
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$150
Special Offer
$150
FREE!
Buy two advanced model,
get one basic model for
free!
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$300
2advanced+1basic
Special Offer
OR
$300
3basic
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No content
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“Two getting better than one, it’s unfair.”
- Margaret
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“But they can borrow from each other.”
- John
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“I hope they all get EQUALLY”
- Margaret
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“That takes away their rights for getting
something better!”
- John
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$300
2advanced+1basic
Special Offer
OR
$300
3basic
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-
哲學家黃子華 魚蛋
魚蛋數目
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#10
無知之幕（veil of ignorance）
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無知之幕
（veil of ignorance）
《正義論》（1971）John Rawls
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《正義論》（1971）John Rawls
羅爾斯認為，公民抗命如果引起社會動盪，
其責任不在「抗命」的公民，
而在那些濫用權力和權威的人。
EXTRA
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Oh.
Let’s play a game
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Rule :
- Earn $100 x (card no) each month
- e.g. if 5 => get $5000 each month
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Rule :
- ask for $5000 from 2-10 each month
Rule :
- ask for $10000 from J-K each month
- rules maker
有一天，
你心愛的芝麻被車撞死了，
但牠還是一塊完整的肉，
該不該煮來吃？
What if 芝麻 is a pig?
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http://www.estherthewonderpig.com/
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http://www.estherthewonderpig.com/
Esther is some pig.
She was misrepresented as a "micro pig" and sold to Steve and Derek
in the Summer of 2012. She was just 4 pounds, and in under 2 years
she grew to be 500 pounds!
Derek and Steve kept Esther anyways. She was accustomed to home
life, and so the whole family went on an adventure of a lifetime.
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http://www.estherthewonderpig.com/
Esther is *some pig.
Some, adjective.
Quite a; a remarkable.
Used meiotically, often ironically,
to suggest that something or someone
is worthy of consideration.