Serhii Bykov: Programming for 1980's computers in 2020

Slide 1

Slide 1 text

Programming for 1980's computers in 2020 1 Serhii Bykov Cocoa Engineer, Setapp

Slide 2

Slide 2 text

November, 2019 2

Slide 3

Slide 3 text

Realism about hacking • Hardware and physical tools • Software • Social engineering 3

Slide 4

Slide 4 text

S4E11- Scene 4

Slide 5

Slide 5 text

S4E11 - Splash screen 5

Slide 6

Slide 6 text

S4E11 - Level 6

Slide 7

Slide 7 text

eXit have counterpart IRL too 7 https://www.whoismrrobot.com/exit/

Slide 8

Slide 8 text

Is this fabricated? 8

Slide 9

Slide 9 text

Website and TV show comparison Apple //e application wanna-be (Mr. Robot S4E11) Web-version of application (http://whoismrrobot.com/exit/) 9

Slide 10

Slide 10 text

Apple //e boot and TV show comparison Apple //e application wanna-be (Mr. Robot S4E11) Apple //e boot sequence video from user `Neon Onion` (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7FAveqrhjs) 10

Slide 11

Slide 11 text

You’re busted, Sam 11

Slide 12

Slide 12 text

Can I possible recreate same program from TV show for Apple //e? 12

Slide 13

Slide 13 text

R&D • Emulators • OS’es • Programming languages 13

Slide 14

Slide 14 text

Emulators • microM8 • Apple ][js • Virtual ][ • Octalyzer • Sweet16 • KEGS • JACE • OpenEmulator 14

Slide 15

Slide 15 text

Emulators • microM8 • Apple ][js • Virtual ][ • Octalyzer • Sweet16 • KEGS • JACE • OpenEmulator 15

Slide 16

Slide 16 text

microM8 • Free • Cross-platform • Custom shell over emulation w/ internet bridge (useful for development) • Multiple devices for emulation (Apple ][, Apple ][+, Apple //e) • A lot of demo apps 16

Slide 17

Slide 17 text

Operating Systems 17

Slide 18

Slide 18 text

Operating Systems • Apple DOS • Apple SOS • Apple ProDOS 18

Slide 19

Slide 19 text

Apple DOS DOS - Disk Operating System 19

Slide 20

Slide 20 text

Apple SOS SOS - Sophisticated Operating System 20

Slide 21

Slide 21 text

Apple ProDOS ProDOS - Professional Disk Operating System 21

Slide 22

Slide 22 text

ProDOS - 30+ years of support 22

Slide 23

Slide 23 text

Programming languages 23

Slide 24

Slide 24 text

List of programming languages • Basic • Fortran • Pascal • C • ASM • Other 24

Slide 25

Slide 25 text

Actual list of programming languages • Applesoft Basic, Apple Integer Basic, MD Basic • Apple Fortran • Apple Pascal, UCSD Pascal, Orca (ByteWorks) Pascal, Kyan Pascal • Aztec C, Orca/C • ASM • Terrapin Logo, Apple Logo 25

Slide 26

Slide 26 text

Built-in programming languages • Applesoft Basic, Apple Integer Basic, MD Basic • Apple Fortran • Apple Pascal, UCSD Pascal, Orca (ByteWorks) Pascal, Kyan Pascal • Aztec C, Orca/C • ASM • Terrapin Logo, Apple Logo 26

Slide 27

Slide 27 text

Applesoft BASIC 27

Slide 28

Slide 28 text

Coding 28

Slide 29

Slide 29 text

Game structure 29

Slide 30

Slide 30 text

Splash screen 30

Slide 31

Slide 31 text

Level Structure 31 Question Image Text prompt

Slide 32

Slide 32 text

Level Structure 32 Question Image Wrong answer output

Slide 33

Slide 33 text

Final Screen 33

Slide 34

Slide 34 text

Slide 35

Slide 35 text

Documentation - ProgrammingBasics 35 https://apple2.org.za

Slide 36

Slide 36 text

Documentation - Image Loading 36 http://www.appleoldies.ca

Slide 37

Slide 37 text

Apple - Technical Notes 37

Slide 38

Slide 38 text

Applesoft BASIC 38

Slide 39

Slide 39 text

Printing messages 1 PRINT "HELLO, FRIEND" 39

Slide 40

Slide 40 text

Asking input 40 1 INPUT A$

Slide 41

Slide 41 text

Working with conditions 41 10 INPUT A$ 20 IF A$ = "TRUE" THEN GOTO 30 21 IF A$ >< "TRUE" THEN GOTO 40 30 PRINT "A IS `TRUE`" : GOTO 50 40 PRINT "A IS NOT `TRUE`" 50 PRINT "FINISH"

Slide 42

Slide 42 text

Loading Images 42 10 HGR 20 D$=CHR$(4) 30 PRINT D$;"BLOAD IMG.HGR"

Slide 43

Slide 43 text

tohgr 43 http://wsxyz.net/tohgr.html

Slide 44

Slide 44 text

Sleep function 44 1010 POKE 768,169: POKE 770,76 1020 POKE 771,168: POKE 772,252 1025 LET A = 256 1040 IF A < 1 OR A > 256 THEN 30 1050 POKE 769,(A < 256) * A 1060 LET C = (26 + 27 * A + 5 * A ^ 2) / 2 1095 CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: 1096 CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: CALL 768: 1100 RETURN

Slide 45

Slide 45 text

Sample Code 340 HOME:HGR:D$=CHR$(4):PRINT D$;"BLOAD img6.HGR” 350 VTAB 21:PRINT "In the water you see a boat. What do you do?":INPUT "> “;A$ 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340 45

Slide 46

Slide 46 text

Sample Code - Splitted 340 HOME:HGR:D$=CHR$(4):PRINT D$;"BLOAD img6.HGR” 350 VTAB 21:PRINT "In the water you see a boat. What do you do?":INPUT "> “;A$ 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340 46

Slide 47

Slide 47 text

Loading Image 340 HOME:HGR:D$=CHR$(4):PRINT D$;"BLOAD img6.HGR" • HOME - clears the text screen • HGR - clears the HGR page • Image loading magic 47

Slide 48

Slide 48 text

Printing message and asking for input 350 VTAB 21:PRINT "In the water you see a boat. What do you do?":INPUT "> ";A$ • VTAB 21 - put text on 21 row • PRINT - text • INPUT - write input to variable $A 48

Slide 49

Slide 49 text

Handling input • Condition on variable `A` • If condition is true • Perform GOTO (to next question) 49 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340

Slide 50

Slide 50 text

Handling input 360 IF A$ = "Get on the boat" THEN GOTO 390 370 PRINT "" : PRINT "> ";A$;"" : PRINT "You can't do that here" 375 GOSUB 1000 380 GOTO 340 • Condition on variable `A` • If condition is false • Perform print operations • GOSUB - go subroutine on row 1000 (sleep function) • GOTO - go to row 340 (ask question again) 50

Slide 51

Slide 51 text

Actual footage from quest 51

Slide 52

Slide 52 text

Disk Image 52

Slide 53

Slide 53 text

AppleCommander 53 https://applecommander.github.io

Slide 54

Slide 54 text

AppleCommander - Used Commands 54 ➜ ~ applecommander --help AppleCommander command line options [1.6.0]: -p [[$|0x]] put stdin -n change volume name (ProDOS or Pascal). -pro140 create a 140K ProDOS image. -bas import an AppleSoft basic file from text back to its tokenized format.

Slide 55

Slide 55 text

Build script cp ${empty_disk_path} ${result_disk_path} applecommander -n ${result_disk_path} "eXit" src=("STARTUP" "SPLASH" "EXIT") for i in "${src[@]}" do cat ${src_path}/${i}.bas | applecommander -bas ${result_disk_path} ${i} done images=("img0" "img1" "img2" "img3" "img4" "img5" "img6" "img7" "img8") for i in "${images[@]}" do ${bin_path}/tohgr ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.png &>/dev/null mv ${images_path}/${i}_280x192.hgr ${images_path}/${i}.hgr rm ${images_path}/${i}_280x192_hgr.png applecommander -p ${result_disk_path} ${i}.HGR BIN 0x2000 < ${images_path}/${i}.HGR; rm -rf ${images_path}/${i}.hgr done 55

Slide 56

Slide 56 text

Slide 57

Slide 57 text

Slide 58

Slide 58 text

Slide 59

Slide 59 text

Slide 60

Slide 60 text

Slide 61

Slide 61 text

Slide 62

Slide 62 text

March, 2020 62

Slide 63

Slide 63 text

63 November, 2020

Slide 64

Slide 64 text

Apple //e • Pros • Exact machine as used in TV series • Working machine in our museum • Cons • No internal ﬂoppy drive (cannot run program without ﬂoppy drive) 64

Slide 65

Slide 65 text

Apple IIc • Pros • Internal ﬂoppy drive • Cons • Not working 65

Slide 66

Slide 66 text

Apple III • Pros • Working machine available in museum (oldest device in our museum - 1980) • Floppy drive • Cons • Not same machine as used in Mr. Robot 66

Slide 67

Slide 67 text

Connect old computer 67 https://adtpro.com

Slide 68

Slide 68 text

Apple III - Rear Panel 68

Slide 69

Slide 69 text

Apple III - Connectors DB-25 to DE-9 connector 69 DB-25 to DE-9 connector

Slide 70

Slide 70 text

Special Request - Question 70

Slide 71

Slide 71 text

Special Request - Answer 71

Slide 72

Slide 72 text

Delivery - Connectors RS-232 to USB DB-25 to RS-232 72

Slide 73

Slide 73 text

Delivery - Extras 73

Slide 74

Slide 74 text

Apple III - First Run 74

Slide 75

Slide 75 text

Apple III - Burning Image 75

Slide 76

Slide 76 text

Apple III - Diskettes 76

Slide 77

Slide 77 text

Apple III - Diskettes 77

Slide 78

Slide 78 text

Apple III - Something doesn’t work 78

Slide 79

Slide 79 text

Apple III - Something work 79 TODO: Apple III game

Slide 80

Slide 80 text

Apple III - Expectations • New hardware - 2x performance • New OS • Backward compatibility 80

Slide 81

Slide 81 text

Apple III - Reality • Hardware stability issues • Very limited backward compatibility 81

Slide 82

Slide 82 text

Randy Wigginton, Apple Computer #6 employee “The Apple III was kind of like a baby conceived during a group orgy, and [later] everybody had this bad headache and there's this bastard child, and everyone says, ‘It's not mine.’” 82