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YOUR CSS
IS A MESS
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1 person.
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4 designers.
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5 developers.
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1 team.
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1 project.
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30 designers.
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5 prototypers.
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200 engineers.
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multiple teams.
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multiple projects.
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CSS is easy.
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li { }
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oat: left
padding: 3px 50px;
margin: 0;
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.block { display:block !important; }
.inline { display:inline !important; }
.hide { display:none !important; }
.s-none { margin:0 !important; }
.s { margin:10px !important; }
.ss { margin:20px !important; }
.sr { margin-right:10px !important; }
.p-none { padding:0 !important; }
.p { padding:10px !important; }
.pp { padding:20px !important; }
.pt { padding-top:10px !important; }
.w-auto { width:auto !important; }
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.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {}
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
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.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {}
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { }
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
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#nav-header ul li {
float: left;
...
}
#nav-content ul li {
float: left;
...
}
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#comments .comment .meta .authorname {}
#comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a {}
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#comments .comment .meta .authorname {}
#comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a {}
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Scalable and
Modular
Architecture
for CSS
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SMACSS
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3
Considerations
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3
Categorization
Naming Convention
Decouple HTML/CSS
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1
Categorization
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Categorization
• Base
• Layout
• Module
• State
• Theme
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Base
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html {
background-color: #FFF;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
}
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
margin: 1em 0;
}
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Layout
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Sidebar Content
Header
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Module
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Customized List
Button
Tabs
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Sub-modules
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Large
Search
Dark
Small
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Sub-components
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State
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Active State Default State
Disabled State Default State
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Theme
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Have your CSS (and HTML)...
Do one thing
and one thing only
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http://snk.ms/1r
The Single
Responsibility
Theory
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...
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.grid {}
.col { float:left; }
.col:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; }
.module { display:inline-block; }
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...
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- ...
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.grid {}
.grid > li { float:left; }
.grid > li:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; }
.module { display:inline-block; }
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-
...
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- {{item}}
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...
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Categorization is
about Isolation
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2
Naming Convention
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Naming Convention
Naming convention clari es intent
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Use Class over ID
Don’t use a grenade to dig a hole
when a shovel will do.
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Specificity
Inline ID Class
(pseudo-classes
and attribute
selectors)
Element
(pseudo-
elements)
style="..." #article
.article
:hover
[attr=val]
a
: rst-child
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Specificity
Inline ID Class
(pseudo-classes
and attribute
selectors)
Element
(pseudo-
elements)
style="..." #article
.article
:hover
[attr=val]
a
: rst-child
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Specificity Buster!
!important
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Specificity Buster!
!important
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.btn {}
.btn-large {}
.btn-small {}
.btn-default {}
.btn-search {}
.modal {}
.modal-large
.modal-header {}
.modal-body {}
.modal-footer {}
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.btn {}
.is-btn-active {}
.is-btn-disabled {}
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.modulename
.modulename-submodule
.modulename-subcomponent
No hyphens
Always a root node
No hyphens
No difference from submodule
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.module-name
.module-name--submodule
.module-name__subcomponent
allows for hyphens
Always a root node
Alternatives
underscores
hyphens
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.moduleName
.moduleName-subModule
.moduleName--subComponent
camelCase
Alternatives
double hyphen
single hyphen
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Naming
Convention
• Pick a system that works for you and
your team
• Be consistent
• Consider:
• Root node
• Sub-modules
• Sub-components
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3
Decoupling
CSS from HTML
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.nav {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.nav li {
float: left;
}
.nav li a {
display: block;
padding: 5px 10px;
background-color: blue;
}
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.nav ul {
margin: 0;
padding:0;
list-style:none;
}
.nav li li {
float: none;
}
.nav li li a {
padding: 2px;
background-color: red;
}
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.nav {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.nav > li {
float: left;
}
.nav > li > a {
display: block;
padding: 5px 10px;
background-color: blue;
}
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.menu {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none
}
.menu > li > a {
display: block;
padding: 2px;
background-color: red;
}
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Please.
Use child selectors
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.box {
border: 1px solid #333;
}
.box h2 {
margin: 0;
padding: 5px 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
background-color: #CCC;
}
.box ul {
margin: 10px;
}
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.box {
border: 1px solid #333;
}
.box h2 {
margin: 0;
padding: 5px 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
background-color: #CCC;
}
.box ul, .box p, .box div {
margin: 10px;
}
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.box {
border: 1px solid #333;
}
.box h2 {
margin: 0;
padding: 5px 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
background-color: #CCC;
}
.box-body {
margin: 10px;
}
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when the HTML can’t
or won’t be predictable
Apply a class
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Or make the html
predictable
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What does it mean?
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Shift your thinking
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Don’t code CSS for the page.
Code it for
the system.
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State-based Design
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State-based Design
• A layout or module style
• Sub-modules
• JavaScript-driven states
• Pseudo-class states
• Media query states
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CSS Panic
http://snk.ms/15
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.enemys {
z-index:3;
position:absolute;
top:0px;
left:0;
width:49px;
height:93px;
display:block;
-webkit-appearance: button;
-moz-appearance: button;
background-position:0px 0px;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
-webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite
cursor:pointer;
opacity:0.9;
border:none;
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.enemys {
z-index:3;
position:absolute;
top:0px;
left:0;
width:49px;
height:93px;
display:block;
-webkit-appearance: button;
-moz-appearance: button;
background-position:0px 0px;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
-webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite
cursor:pointer;
opacity:0.9;
border:none;
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.enemys:checked{
overflow:hidden;
-webkit-animation-name: none;
-webkit-pointer-events: none;
pointer-events: none;
opacity:0;
}
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.enemys:checked{
overflow:hidden;
-webkit-animation-name: none;
-webkit-pointer-events: none;
pointer-events: none;
opacity:0;
}
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3
Categorization
Naming Convention
Decouple HTML/CSS
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http://smacss.com/
Thanks!