Modes / VimConf 2018 - Speaker Deck

Modes / VimConf 2018

by ujihisa

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modes VimConf 2018 2018-11-24 Tatsuhiro Ujihisa

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● i ● "i" ● iw

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modes VimConf 2018 2018-11-24 Tatsuhiro Ujihisa

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"modes" talk agenda (1/2) ● I talk about Vim modes ● I don't talk about anything other than Vim modes ○ No Vim scripting ○ No vital.vim (obviously) ○ No vim plugins ○ No asynchronous processing ○ No cooking ○ No Cities: Skylines ○ No Civilization 5 or 6 ○ No Minecraft or 7 days to die

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"modes" talk agenda (2/2) ● Understand what Vim's modes are ○ by the specification and implementation ○ Introduce how they are and how they work ● Tools I use today ○ GDB ○ termdebug.vim (built-in plugin) ● Target audience ○ Beginner and intermediate Vim users ○ Vim plugin authors ○ Not active Vim core developers

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"modes" talk agenda ● Understand what Vim's modes are ○ by the specification and implementation ○ Introduce how they are and how they work ● Tools I use today ○ GDB ○ termdebug.vim (built-in plugin) ● Target audience ○ Beginner and intermediate Vim users ○ Vim plugin authors ○ Not active Vim core developers Goals: ● feel more confident at Vim core ● start working on contributing vim core

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Understanding specification Let's see the doc first

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$ vimtutor ● Have you done? ○ /usr/bin/vimtutor ○ 25-30 minutes ● Not good at English? ○ vimtutor ja

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$ vimtutor ● Have you done? ○ /usr/bin/vimtutor ○ 25-30 minutes ● Not good at English? ○ vimtutor ja 日本語訳松本泰弘監修村岡太郎

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Lesson 1.4: TEXT EDITING - INSERTION ● ** Press i to insert text. ** ○ press to return to Normal mode. ● Next lesson is about A

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:help ● :h (without arguments) ○ it opens help.txt, the index of helps ● help.txt → (intro.txt | howto.txt) → mode-switching ● :h mode-switching ○ (or :h mode-s)

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:h mode-switching

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More modes (:h vim-modes) ● Normal ● Visual ● Select ● Insert ● Replace ● Command-line (Cmdline) ● Ex ● Terminal-Job ● Operator-pending ● Virtual Replace ● Insert Normal ● Terminal-Normal ● Insert Visual ● Insert Select

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Short summary ● vimtutor ● :h ● 7 modes + 7 additional modes ● Many ways switch between modes ● Each key behaviour depend on the current mode

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Understanding specification implementation Let's see the Vim C code now

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https://github.com/vim/vim ● src/**/*.c ● everything is there

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https://github.com/ujihisa ● Vancouver, Canada Tokyo, Japan ● Vim for about 20 years ● Ruby on Rails, Scala for distributed systems, Clojure, Haskell for myself, and Vim script ● VimConf founder ujihisa.vim

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(unorganized) 115 plugins I use agit.vim aldmeris altr ansible-yaml asterisk autodirmake.vim calendar.vim caw.vim coffee-script colors-pencil colors-solarized Colour-Sampler-Pack concealedyank.vim context_filetype.vim cpp cruby cursorword deol.nvim deoplete.nvim elixir filetype-haskell fontzoom ft-clojure ft-cmake ft-mongo game-code-break game_engine.vim ghcmod gina.vim go groovyindent haskell.vim hug-neovim-rpc iferr/vim incsearch.vim J6uil.vim javaclasspath jplus kotlin lexima.vim linediff.vim ltsv mario.vim metaffer monokai nclipper.vim neco neco-ghc neco-syntax .neobundle neobundle.vim neobundle.vim neobundle-vim-recipes neochat.vim neoclojure.vim neoinclude.vim neomru.vim neopairs.vim neosnippet neosnippet-snippets neverland-vim-theme nvim-yarp open-browser.vim operator-replace operator-user papercolor-theme perfect.vim poslist prettyprint puyo.vim quicklearn quickrun Rainbow-Parenthsis-Bundle ref ref-hoogle ref-ri rengbang reversi.vim ruby scala sexp showtime smartchr sudo.vim surround tabpagebuffer.vim tabpagecd textobj-syntax textobj-user textobj-wiw themis translua typescript unite-build unite-colorscheme unite-giti unite-haskellimport unite-help unite-history unite-include-reversed unite-javaimport unite-locate unite-outline unite-ruby-require.vim unite-ssh unite.vim vimerl vimlint vimlparser vimport vimproc vimshell vimshell-ssh vital.vim zenesque.vim

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working at quipper (2018-09 ~) ● Ruby on Rails ● React and Redux ● https://www.quipper.com/ ● Education service

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https://github.com/ujihisa ● Vim for about 20 years ● Ruby on Rails, Scala for distributed systems, Clojure, Haskell for myself, and Vim script ● Vancouver, Canada Tokyo, Japan ● VimConf founder ujihisa.vim Thanks a lot for Vim and its development ecosystem. I've been living with the Vim community.

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How to start ● Read C code from top to bottom ● Find a specific function, and read it carefully ● Run, and see what debugger shows ○ GDB

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Understanding implementation Let's see the Vim C code now

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GDB See the behaviour dynamically

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GDB ● The GNU Project Debugger ● "go inside a running program" ● Run Vim with GDB ○ The Vim needs to be compiled with some special flags

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Build a GDB-Friendly Vim ● git clone from github.com/vim/vim ● edit src/Makefile manually ○ CFLAGS=-ggdb3 to include debug info ■ -O0 to disable optimization ■ -g to include debug info ■ -g2 for more ■ -g3 for even more ■ -ggdb3 for even more just for gdb ■ (See `man gcc` for details) ○ STRIP=/bin/true not to strip (/usr/bin/true for mac)

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Build a GDB-Friendly Vim

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:Termdebug ● Vim wrapper for GDB ○ powered by :terminal ○ made by Bram Moolenaar ○ (He introduced at his talk) ● Use vim to see the source code ● Use :terminal to run a debuggee program (i.e. Vim)

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Short summary ● GDB: step execution / view code ● Termdebug: Vim in different window / code in Vim ● main() ->vim_main2()->main_loop() ● normal_cmd() ○ safe_vgetc() ● find_command() / nv_cmds[idx] ● nv_edit() ● edit() ● restart_edit

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Contribution / Development Let me show my example quickly

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● Make pull requests to vim/vim ○ see existing issues first ○ vim-jp also has some ● ujihisa's contributions (vim-core) ○ https://github.com/vim/vim/search?q=author%3Aujihisa&un scoped_q=author%3Aujihisa&type=Issues

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f_mode() void put values into rettv char_u buf[4] used for return value rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(buf); buf[0] 'n', 'i', ... mode() uses just this part buf[1] NULL, 'i', ... buf[2] NULL, 'I', 'R', or 'V' currently only for C-o

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https://github.com/ujihisa ● https://twitter.com/ujm ↑ I'll share my talk slides today ● Tatsuhiro Ujihisa ● Tokyo, Japan and Vancouver, Canada