Past, Present and Futures of CDN @ CDN Study (http2study)

by Hideki Okamoto

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM ೥ɺ Πϯλʔωοτ͕௚໘͢ΔͰ͋Ζ͏՝୊Λ5JN#FSOFST-FF͕ࢦఠ “Tim was interested in issues with the Internet and the web, and he foresaw there would be problems with congestion. Hot spots, flash crowds, … and that the centralized model of distributing content would be facing challenges. He was right. There were considerable challenges and it was simply not going to scale. He presented an ideal problem for me and my group to work on.” Tom Leighton (CEO & Co-Founder of Akamai Technologies) ςΟϜ͸Πϯλʔωοτ΍8FCͷ໰୊ʹ͍ͭͯڵຯΛ͍࣋ͬͯͯɺΠϯλʔωοτͷ ࠞࡶ͕໰୊ʹͳΔ͜ͱΛ༧ݟ͍ͯͨ͠ɻϗοτεϙοτɺϑϥογϡΫϥ΢υɺͦ͠ ͯίϯςϯπ഑৴ͷதԝूݖϞσϧ͕ࠔ೉ʹ௚໘͢ΔͰ͋Ζ͏ͱɻ൴͸ਖ਼͔ͬͨ͠ɻ Πϯλʔωοτͱ͍͏΋ͷ͸୯७ʹ͸εέʔϧ͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͏େ͖ͳ໰୊͕͋ͬͨɻ൴ ͸ࢲͷνʔϜʹཧ૝తͳ໰୊Λఏڙͯ͘͠ΕͨΜͩ

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM ೥ɺ 4UBS8BST&QJTPEF*5IF1IBOUPN.FOBDF༧ࠂฤެ։ In 24 hours it was downloaded more than a million times. In the first five days, it was downloaded 3.5 million times, soaring to 6.4 million within three weeks. Steve Jobs himself described the second trailer as "the biggest Internet download event in history". Richard Trenholm (CNN) ͦΕ͸࠷ॳͷ࣌ؒͰສճҎ্ɺ೔ؒͰສճɺिؒͰສճ΋μ΢ϯ ϩʔυ͞ΕͨɻεςΟʔϒɾδϣϒζ͸͜ͷ༧ࠂฤެ։ʹ͍ͭͯʮྺ্࢙࠷େͷΠϯ λʔωοτμ΢ϯϩʔυΠϕϯτʯͱදݱͨ͠

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM 2004: US Election Day - 21 Gbps 2008: Major Golf Tournament - 444 Gbps 2012: Super Bowl - 1.4 Tbps 2014: FIFA World Cup - 6.9 Tbps 2016: UEFA Euro 2016 - 7.3 Tbps 2016: Rio Summer Olympics - 4.5 Tbps 2018.4.11: Indian Premier League – 5.5M concurrent viewer

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM ࣄۀ։࢝ 1P1 ˞ Akamai Technologies 1998 1700 Amazon CloudFront 2008 114 CDNetworks 2000 200 Cloudflare 2009 151 EdgeCast Networks 2006 125 Fastly 2011 50 Level 3 Communications (1) 2006 99 Limelight Networks 2001 80 ˞೥ͷ4BWWJTࣾങऩΛج४ͱ͍ͯ͠·͢ ˞ʮ˓˓୆ʯදهʮ˓˓୆Ҏ্ʯදهͷ਺஋͕ࠞࡏ͍ͯ͠·͢

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM ϢʔβʔΛͲ͏΍ͬͯ࠷దͳΤοδαʔόʔʹ༠ಋ͢Δͷ͔ ੈքதʹΤοδαʔόʔ͕ஔ͍ͯ͋Δͱͯ͠ɺϢʔβʔ͸Ͳ͏ ΍ͬͯ࠷دΓͷΤοδαʔόʔ܈ Ϧʔδϣϯ ʹ޲͔͏ͷ͔ɻϢʔ βʔ͸Τοδαʔόʔͷ*1ΞυϨεΛ௚઀஌Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍͠ɺ 63-Λ͍͍ͪͪม͑ΔΘ͚ʹ΋͍͔ͳ͍ %/4ͷ໊લղܾͷ࣌఺ͰΞΫηεݩʹΑͬͯԠ౴Λಈతʹม͑Δ "LBNBJ%ZOBNJD.BQQJOH U.S. Patent No. 6108703 Global hosting system https://www.google.com/patents/US6108703 2019 Akamai

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM ࠷దͳΤοδαʔόʔ܈ͱ͸ Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩϢʔβʔʹͱͬͯշదͳΤοδαʔόʔ܈ Ϧʔδϣϯ ʹ༠ಋ͍ͨ͠ɻͲͷΑ͏ʹϦΫΤετΛ෼ࢄ͢΂͖͔ɻ $16ʹ༨༟͸͋Δ͕ωοτϫʔΫଳҬ͸ࠞࡶ͍ͯ͠ΔϦʔδϣϯ ΍ɺͦͷٯͷঢ়ଶͷϦʔδϣϯ͕ࠞࡏ͍ͯ͠ΔɻͲ͏͢Δ ͦͯ͠ɺͰ͖Ε͹Φϑϩʔυ཰΋ߴ͍΄͏͕ྑ͍͕ʜɻ • 4UBCMFNBSSJBHFQSPCMFN ҆ఆ݁ࠗ໰୊ • (BMF4IBQMFZΞϧΰϦζϜ Algorithmic Nuggets in Content Delivery https://www.akamai.com/us/en/multimedia/documents/technical-publication/algorithmic- nuggets-in-content-delivery-technical-publication.pdf

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM Πϯλʔωοτͷܦ࿏ͷෆ҆ఆ͞ʹରԠ͍ͨ͠ 44-ηογϣϯ਺͕ଟ͗ͯͭ͢Β͍ͷΛରॲ͍ͨ͠ αʔόʔ΍ճઢ͕͍ۤ͠ͷͰ੩తϑΝΠϧ഑৴͸·͔͍ͤͨ 8FCαΠτશମ "1*ΛΩϟογϡ͔Βग़ͯ͠Ԡ౴Λ଎͍ͨ͘͠ ը૾ɾಈըɾ)5.-ͳͲϖΠϩʔυΛࣗಈతʹ࠷దԽͯ͠΄͍͠ --ͷ%%P4ରࡦɾ)551΍26*$ରԠɾ#SPUMJରԠ౳ ΍΍௿ϨΠϠʔͷχʔζ΋΋ͪΖΜ͋Δ Τοδ ࠷લઢ Ͱߴ౓ͳॲཧΛ͢Δ $%/Ͱ͔ͨͬͨ͜͠ͱɾ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ -%%P4ରࡦ 8"'#PUɾεΫϨΠϐϯάରࡦΛ͍ͨ͠

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM ೥ɺ&EHF4JEF*ODMVEFTͷ࢓༷ΛࡦఆɾϦϦʔε ೥ɺ*#.ͱڞಉͰ&EHF$PNQVUJOH &EHF+BWB ΛϦϦʔε ˠ ೥ &0- ೥ɺ8FC"QQMJDBUJPO'JSFXBMMϦϦʔε ೥ɺ'SPOU&OE0QUJNJ[BUJPOϦϦʔε ೥ɺ$MPVEMFU੡඼܈ϦϦʔε ೥ɺ#PU.BOBHFSϦϦʔε ೥ɺ*NBHF.BOBHFSϦϦʔε ͦΕҎલʹલ਎੡඼͋Γ ೥ɺ&EHF8PSLFST &EHFͰಈ࡞͢Δ+BWB4DSJQU Λ։ൃத "LBNBJͷಈ͖

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM http://elijah.cs.cmu.edu/DOCS/satya-edge2016.pdf The old axiom about the three top determinants of real estate value being “location, location, and location.” ݹ͍֨ݴᐌ͘ɺෆಈ࢈Ձ஋ΛܾΊΔཁ ҼɺͦΕ͸ཱ஍ɺཱ஍ɺཱͦͯ͠஍ͩ

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM • ࣾ֎޲͚8FCαΠτ͕υϝΠϯ਺׵ࢉͰҎ্ͱ͔͋Δ • ओཁαʔϏε͸΋ͪΖΜ੬ऑੑࢼݧͳͲ΍͍ͬͯΔ͕ɺख͕·Θ͍ͬͯͳ͍αʔϏ ε΋͋ΓηΩϡϦςΟ͕ෆ҆ɻ • ৗ࣌44-Խ͸͚ͨ͠ͲɺͲͷυϝΠϯ͕Ͳͷ$JQIFS4VJUF࢖ͬͯΔͷ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍ • Ϣʔβʔ΍੍࡞νʔϜ͕ͨ·ʹ͏͔ͬΓ.#ͷը૾ͱ͔Λషͬͯ͠·͏͜ͱ͕͋Δ • ੍࡞νʔϜ΍ϚʔέςΟϯάνʔϜ͕ҟৗʹ஗͍SEQBSUZ+BWB4DSJQUΛಥવ షͬͯ͠·͏͜ͱ͕͋Δ • υϝΠϯΛΘ͚͍ͯΔඞવੑͷͳ͍ͱ͜Ζ͸ɺ֎޲͚ʹ͸શͯ XXXIPHFIPHFDPNͰݟ͍ͤͨ 8FCΨόφϯεڧԽͷͨΊͷ$%/ ͨͱ͑͹"LBNBJͰ΋͜ΕΒͷ໰୊͸શͯରԠՄೳ

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM &5BHϔομʔͷར༻ • ಈతʹϨεϙϯε͕มԽ͢ΔΞϓϦͰ͏·͘ &5BHΛੜ੒Ͱ͖Ε͹ɺΦϦδϯ·ͰϦΫΤετ ͸ඈͿ΋ͷͷసૹྔͷઅ໿ͱ଎౓޲্͕ݟࠐΊΔ ͕ɺ&5BHͷઃܭख๏͸·ͩ·ͩະ։୓ ͱɺࢥͬͯ·͢ օ͞ΜͷձࣾͰಈతίϯςϯπʹରͯ͠&5BHΛੜ੒͍ͯ͠Δࣄྫ ͕͋Ε͹ͥͻڭ͍͖͍͑ͯͨͩͨͰ͢ɻ http://bitworking.org/news/150/REST-Tip-Deep-etags-give-you-more- benefits Deep etags give you more benefits ݁ߏ೉͍͠Ͱ͢

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©2018 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM • ಈը഑৴΍ύον഑৴ͳͲͱൺֱͯ͠ɺ8FCΞϓϦ΍"1*ͷ Ωϟογϡઓུ͸ϘτϜΞοϓɾBEIPDʹͳΓ͕ͪ • $BDIFBCJMJUZ ΩϟογϡՄ൱ɾΩϟογϡͷੜଘ࣌ؒɾύʔδ ͷλΠϛϯά Λߟྀͨ͠ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯಛੑͷهड़ख๏͕ͳ͍ ΋͠طʹ͋ͬͨΒڭ͍͑ͯͩ͘͞ • 4XBHHFSΈ͍ͨͳ"1*࢓༷هड़ݴޠͷ֦ு͔Βͱ͔ $BDIFBCJMJUZͷ؍఺͔ΒͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϞσϦϯά

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