Profiling PHP applications

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My site is slow, what can I do? @BastianHofmann Profiling PHP applications

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This talk is all about...

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Speed of your web application

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We'll talk about...

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Why it matters

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How to measure it

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How to find out where the problems are

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Before we start

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A few words about me

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Questions? Ask

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http://speakerdeck.com/u/bastianhofmann

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Why should you care?

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It is really important

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Every ms counts

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So what is pagespeed?

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Server

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Your PHP application Request Response

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Your PHP application Request Response Load balancer

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Your PHP application Request Response Load balancer

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web server db http service http service cache user request

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But there is more

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http://www.stevesouders.com/blog/2012/02/10/the-performance-golden-rule/

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So what happens on your server is really important

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But the rest is as well

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Step 1

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Measuring

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So you need to measure at your users side

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http://www.soasta.com/

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https://www.librato.com

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Navigation Timing API https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/ Navigation_timing

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Resource Timing API http://www.w3.org/TR/resource-timing/

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Getting it back to the server

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Tracking request

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https://tracking.example.com/? page=proﬁle&backend=123&co mplete=890&domReady=580

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logstash http://logstash.net/

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input ﬁlter output

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Very rich plugin system

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browser JS: boomerang logstash trackingServer access log requests tracking image with timing information as query parameters

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Graphing it

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Graphite http://graphite.wikidot.com/

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browser JS: boomerang logstash trackingServer access log requests tracking image with timing information as query parameters graphite statsd

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input {  file {  type => "pagespeed-access"  path => [ "/var/log/nginx/ access_log/monitoring-access.log" ]  }  }

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filter{  grok {  type => "pagespeed-access"  pattern => "^.*\s\"[A-Z]+\s[^\?\s]+ \?page=%{DATA:page}\&connectTime=% {NUMBER:connectTime}...)?\sHTTP\/\d\.\d\".* $"  }  grok {  type => "pagespeed-access"  match => ["page", "^(profile| home|...)\.logged(In|Out)$"]  exclude_tags => ["_grokparsefailure"]  }  }

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output { statsd { type => "pagespeed-access" exclude_tags => ["_grokparsefailure"] host => "localhost" port => 8126 namespace => "pagespeed" sender => "" timing => [ "%{page}.connect", "% {connectTime}", ... ] } }

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Can we measure more?

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From within your PHP app

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DB queries

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HTTP calls

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Rendering time

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…

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More fine grained metrics

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By pages

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By browser

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By country

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Logged in / out

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Heavy users

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Slow query logs

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Load balancers

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web server db http service http service cache user request

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input {  file {  type => "haproxy-http-log"  path => [ "/var/log/ haproxy-http.log*" ]  }  }

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filter {  grok {  type => "haproxy-http-log"  pattern => "%{HAPROXYHTTP}"   }  mutate {  type => "haproxy-http-log"  gsub => [  "server_name", "\.", "_",  "client_ip", "\.", "_"  ]  }  }

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output {  statsd {  type => "haproxy-http-log"  exclude_tags => ["_grokparsefailure"]  host => "localhost"  port => 8125  namespace => "lb"  sender => ""  increment => [  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.hits",  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.responses.%{http_status_code}"  ]  timing => [  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.time_request", "%{time_request}",  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.time_backend_connect", "%{time_backend_connect}",  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.time_backend_response", "%{time_backend_response}",  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.time_queue", "%{time_queue}",  "haproxy.%{backend_name}.%{server_name}.% {client_ip}.time_duration", "%{time_duration}"  ]  } 

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browser JS: boomerang logstash trackingServer access log requests tracking image with timing information as query parameters graphite statsd logstash load balancer access log logstash service access log

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Define goals

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Step 2

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How to find out where the problems are

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Profiling

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xdebug.profiler_enable_trigger = 1 http://url?XDEBUG_PROFILE

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Webgrind https://github.com/jokkedk/webgrind

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Use it locally on your dev machine

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XHProf https://github.com/facebook/xhprof

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Use it in production for a subset of requests

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XHGUI https://github.com/perftools/xhgui

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php-meminfo https://github.com/BitOne/php-meminfo

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Symfony Debug Toolbar

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Extend it http://symfony.com/doc/current/cookbook/proﬁler/ data_collector.html

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Use it in production for a subset of requests

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https://qafoolabs.com/

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https://blackﬁre.io/

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http://newrelic.com/

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Step 3

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Fix it

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That's something you have to do

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Keep up to date

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http://www.perfplanet.com/

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Some hints on better performance

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The obvious

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GZIP

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CDNs

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DB Indexes

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Minify JS https://github.com/mishoo/UglifyJS

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Minify CSS http://sass-lang.com/

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Concatenate JS/ CSS/...

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Correct caching headers

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Opcache

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Data Caching

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APCU

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memcached

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PHP 5.6 https://blog.asmallorange.com/2013/08/php-roadmap- performance/

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The not so well known

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SPDY/ HTTP2

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Minimize redirects

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Check image compression https://github.com/gruntjs/grunt-contrib-imagemin

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Compress HTML

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Check YSlow, Pagespeed

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DNS prefetch

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Move logic to async workers

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The "crazy" stuff

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Varnish

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ESI

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Proﬁle Publications Publication Publication Publication AboutMe LeftColumn Image Menu Institution

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Proﬁle Publications Publication Publication Publication AboutMe LeftColumn Image Menu Institution

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Load content asynchronously

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Proﬁle Publications Publication Publication Publication AboutMe LeftColumn Image Menu Institution

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Proﬁle Publications Publication Publication Publication AboutMe LeftColumn Image Menu

loadWidget('/aboutMe', function(w) { w.render({ replace : '#placeholder' }); }) Institution

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Cache ajax requests

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Flush content early

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Move logic to shutdown handlers

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http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.register-shutdown- function.php

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http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.fastcgi-ﬁnish- request.php

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Promises / Futures https://github.com/facebook/libphutil

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$future = new HTTPFuture( 'http://www.example.com/' ); list($status, $body, $headers) = $future-‐>resolve();

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pushState

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Bigpipe

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Proﬁle Menu Header LeftColumn RightColumn

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Remember

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Speed matters

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http://twitter.com/BastianHofmann http://lanyrd.com/people/BastianHofmann http://speakerdeck.com/u/bastianhofmann [email protected]