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DEXS, R8 & 3.3 @INYAKI_MWC

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DECKS, EFX & 909

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D8 R8

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KOTLIN FILE JAVA FILE

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KOTLIN FILE JAVA FILE KOTLINC JAVAC CLASS

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KOTLIN FILE JAVA FILE KOTLINC JAVAC CLASS DEX DX

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KOTLIN FILE JAVA FILE KOTLINC JAVAC CLASS DEX APK DX

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CLASS DEX APK

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CLASS DEX APK

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CLASS DEX APK

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { val world = "Hello World" return world }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { val world = "Hello World" return world }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { val world = "Hello World" return world }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { val world = "Hello World" return world }

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CLASS DEX APK JVM DALVIK-ART

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CLASS DEX APK JVM DALVIK-ART STACK BASED REGISTER BASED 1. POP 20 2. POP 7 3. ADD 20, 7, result 4. PUSH result ADD R1, R2, R3 ;

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" }

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CLASS DEX APK fun hello(): String { return "Hello" } http://mariokmk.github.io/programming/2015/03/06/learning-android-bytecode.html https://source.android.com/devices/tech/dalvik/dalvik-bytecode

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CLASS A HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS

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CLASS A HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS CLASS B HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS

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CLASS A HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS CLASS B HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS HEADER String_ids Type_ids Proto_ids Methods Fields Classes Data DEX

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CLASS A HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS CLASS B HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS HEADER String_ids Type_ids Proto_ids Methods Fields Classes Data DEX

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CLASS A HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS CLASS B HEADER CONSTANT POOL CLASS FIELD ATTRIBUTES METHODS HEADER String_ids Type_ids Proto_ids Methods Fields Classes Data DEX

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CLASS DEX APK

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CLASS DEX APK

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CLASS DEX APK MIN-SDK = 27

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CLASS DEX APK MIN-SDK = 14

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CLASS DEX APK MIN-SDK = 14

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CLASS DEX APK 65536 MULTIDEXING EVERYWHERE

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CLASS DEX APK 65536 MULTIDEXING EVERYWHERE

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CLASS DEX APK

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CLASS DEX APK DEX

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CLASS DEX APK DALVIK ART DEX

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CLASS DEX APK DALVIK ART DEXOPT ODEX DEX DEX2OAT ODEX VDEX JIT AOT JIT COMPACTDEX

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D8

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Android Gradle Plugin < 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin < 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin < 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin < 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin < 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS CLASSES.DEX Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0 A.DEX B.DEX

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0 A.DEX B.DEX

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0 A.DEX B.DEX DX MERGING CLASSES.DEX

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.0 A.DEX B.DEX DX MERGING CLASSES.DEX

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A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS DX B.JAVA B.CLASS Android Gradle Plugin >= 3.1 A.DEX B.DEX DX MERGING CLASSES.DEX D8

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Desugaring .subscribe( this::handleSupportFeatureGet, error -> log.e(error, "Unable to updateSupportFeature”) )

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Desugaring A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS 8 DX CLASSES.DEX DESUGARING A.CLASS 6-7 .subscribe( this::handleSupportFeatureGet, error -> log.e(error, "Unable to updateSupportFeature”) )

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Desugaring A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS 8 DX CLASSES.DEX DESUGARING A.CLASS 6-7

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D8 A.JAVA JAVAC A.CLASS 8 DX CLASSES.DEX DESUGARING A.CLASS 6-7 D8

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Show me numbers

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Show me numbers

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56% MainDexFile Debug 75% MainDexFile Release 10% time Debug Builds

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https://github.com/cdsap/Kotlin-Client-Server.git Gradle Profiler + Talaiot https://github.com/gradle/gradle-profiler https://github.com/cdsap/Talaiot

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https://github.com/cdsap/Kotlin-Client-Server.git Gradle Profiler + Talaiot https://github.com/gradle/gradle-profiler https://github.com/cdsap/Talaiot

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android.enableD8=true android.enableD8=false

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android.enableD8=true android.enableD8=false

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android.enableD8=false

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android.enableD8=true android.enableD8=true

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ivillar$ java -jar d8.jar --debug MainActivity.class

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ivillar$ java -jar d8.jar --debug MainActivity.class ivillar$ dexdump classes.dex

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Processing 'classes.dex'... Opened 'classes.dex', DEX version '035' Class #0 - Class descriptor : 'Lcom/example/myapplication/MainActivity;' Access flags : 0x0011 (PUBLIC FINAL) Superclass : 'Landroid/support/v7/app/AppCompatActivity;' Interfaces - Static fields - Direct methods - #0 : (in Lcom/example/myapplication/MainActivity;) name : '' type : '()V' access : 0x10001 (PUBLIC CONSTRUCTOR) registers : 1 ins : 1 outs : 1 insns size : 4 16-bit code units positions : 0x0000 line=6 locals : 0x0000 - 0x0004 reg=0 this Lcom/example/myapplication/MainActivity; Virtual methods - #0 : (in Lcom/example/myapplication/MainActivity;) name : 'onCreate' type : '(Landroid/os/Bundle;)V' access : 0x0004 (PROTECTED) registers : 3 ins : 2 outs : 2 insns size : 10 16-bit code units positions : 0x0000 line=9 0x0003 line=10 0x0009 line=11 locals : 0x0000 - 0x000a reg=1 this Lcom/example/myapplication/MainActivity; 0x0000 - 0x000a reg=2 savedInstanceState Landroid/os/Bundle;

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3.1.X 3.2.X 3.3.X 3.0.X

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3.1.X 3.2.X 3.3.X 3.0.X ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED DISABLED

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3.1.X 3.2.X 3.3.X 3.0.X ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED DISABLED 1st Phase: D8/DX - 6 months approx 2nd Phase: D8/DX(deprecated) - 1 year approx 3rd Phase: DX Removed

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R8

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PROGUARD

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD

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A.JAVA JAVAC PROGUARD CLASSES.DEX AO.CLASS A.CLASS DX SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD

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A.JAVA JAVAC PROGUARD CLASSES.DEX AO.CLASS A.CLASS D8 SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD DX

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A.JAVA JAVAC PROGUARD CLASSES.DEX AO.CLASS A.CLASS D8 SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD Transformation API

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A.JAVA JAVAC PROGUARD CLASSES.DEX AO.CLASS A.CLASS D8 SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE R8

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A.JAVA JAVAC CLASSES.DEX A.CLASS SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD R8 -keep class com.alipay.android.app.IAlixPay{*;} -keep class com.alipay.android.app.IAlixPay$Stub{*;}

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE minification.InterfaceA -> ItfA: int functionFromIntToInt(int) -> foo minification.InterfaceB -> ItfB: int functionFromIntToInt(int) -> bar PROGUARD R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE minification.InterfaceA -> ItfA: int functionFromIntToInt(int) -> foo minification.InterfaceB -> ItfB: int functionFromIntToInt(int) -> bar PROGUARD R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE minification.InterfaceA -> ItfA: int functionFromIntToInt(int) -> foo minification.InterfaceB -> ItfB: int functionFromIntToInt(int) -> bar PROGUARD R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE PROGUARD R8 PROGUARD & R8 Remove unused classes/fields/methods Inline constants Propagate constants Remove unused code Propagate constant fields Remove write-only fields Simplify basic container classes Merge interfaces with single implementations Propagate constant return values Inline methods Outline common code into new methods PROGUARD Propagate constant arguments Simplify plain enum types Merge classes Make methods private Make methods static Desynchronize methods Simplify tail recursion Remove logging code Merge code R8 Simplify basic container classes Outline common code into new methods Merge Kotlin lambda constructs Optimize Kotlin lambda constructs https://www.guardsquare.com/en/blog/proguard-and-r8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE R8

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SHRINK R8 ABSTRACT METHOD REMOVER ANNOTATION REMOVER HORIZONTAL CLASS MERGING VERTICAL CLASS MERGING ASSUME VALUES API OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE IR

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE IR INLINING STATICIZER PROCESSING MEMBER VALUE STRING OPTIMIZE DEVIRTUALI ZER JAVA 8 REWRITER LAMBDA REWRITER LAMBDA MERGER

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE IR REWRITE LONG COMPARE & REQUIRE NON NULL SIMPLIFY ARRAY CONSTRUCTOR SPLIT RANGE INVOKE CONSTANTS SIMPLIFY IF REWRITE SWITCH LOG ARGUMENT TYPES COLLECT CLASS INIT DEFAULTS REWRITE THROWABLE ADD AND GET SUPRESS IDENTIFY RETURN ARGUMENTS NUMBER CONVERSION REGISTER ALLOCATION INLINING STATICIZER PROCESSING MEMBER VALUE STRING OPTIMIZE DEVIRTUALI ZER JAVA 8 REWRITER LAMBDA REWRITER LAMBDA MERGER

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE IR REWRITE LONG COMPARE & REQUIRE NON NULL SIMPLIFY ARRAY CONSTRUCTOR SPLIT RANGE INVOKE CONSTANTS SIMPLIFY IF REWRITE SWITCH LOG ARGUMENT TYPES COLLECT CLASS INIT DEFAULTS REWRITE THROWABLE ADD AND GET SUPRESS IDENTIFY RETURN ARGUMENTS NUMBER CONVERSION REGISTER ALLOCATION INLINING STATICIZER PROCESSING MEMBER VALUE STRING OPTIMIZE DEVIRTUALI ZER JAVA 8 REWRITER LAMBDA REWRITER LAMBDA MERGER

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE D8

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SHRINK R8 OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE D8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE R8

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SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE R8

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R8

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R8 SHRINK OBFUSCATE OPTIMIZE

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Show me numbers II

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Show me numbers II

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Use Case: Multi Module

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Use Case: Multi Module Gradle 4.9 Android Plugin 3.3.0-alpha08 15 Modules + 1000 Classes R8 Disabled/Enabled

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Use Case: Multi Module Gradle 4.9 Android Plugin 3.3.0-alpha08 15 Modules + 1000 Classes R8 Disabled/Enabled

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Use Case: Multi Module Gradle 4.9 Android Plugin 3.3.0-alpha08 15 Modules + 1000 Classes R8 Disabled/Enabled

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Kotlin Client Server assembleRelease android.enableR8 = false

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Kotlin Client Server assembleRelease android.enableR8 = true

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android.enableR8 = true

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classpath "com.android.tools:r8:$versions.r8" android.enableR8 = true

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Open Source

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Test $ git clone https://r8.googlesource.com/r8 $ tools/gradle.py d8 r8 $ java -jar d8.jar —debug —output out HelloWorld.class $ java -jar r8.jar —output out --pg-conf proguard.cfg classes

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@INYAKI_MWC