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Web Applications with Ruby David Padilla @dabit

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Image from: ezilon.com

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Image from: ezilon.com

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Manzanillo, Mexico

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June 4 - 6 2014

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Web applications with Ruby (not Rails)

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I invented MVC on ASP Classic

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Not really

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<% set conn=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") conn.Open "northwind" %> Super App

Page 1

<% ' Some code here that connects to the DB and ' displays stuff %> page1.asp

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<% set conn=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") conn.Open "northwind" %> Super App

Another Page

<% ' Some code here that connects to the DB and ' displays stuff %> AnotherPage.asp

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Index.asp Super App <% page = Request.QueryString("page") Select Case page Case "page1" %> <% Case "AnotherPage" %> <% End Select %>

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2000

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MVC

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http://therantygirl.ﬁles.wordpress.com/2012/07/happy-cat.jpg

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Mid Programmer Life Crisis

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Programming Web applications with Rails is BORING

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Building websites with Rails is not programming

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Most of us don’t know what’s going on outside of Rails

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We used to have all these problems

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We used to actually write SQL

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Bring programming back

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I invented rhp

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<% $greeting = "Hello World" %> <% require "includes/stylesheets.rb" %> RHP Rocks! <%= Stylesheets.render() %>

<%= $greeting %>

RHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML. If you are new to RHP and want to get some idea of how it works, try the introductory tutorial. After that, check out the online manual.

cgi/index.erb

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<% $greeting = "Hello World" %> <% require "includes/stylesheets.rb" %> RHP Rocks! <%= Stylesheets.render() %>

<%= $greeting %>

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I invented rhp (not really)

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Rack is cool as Bowties

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Web applications with Ruby (not Rails)

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Rack

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Web Server Web Application A hash with request headers that we call ENV

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Web Server Web Application A hash with request headers that we call ENV respond_to(:call)

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Web Server Web Application A hash with request headers that we call ENV

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[http_code, headers, body] Integer Hash Responds to :each

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Web Server Web Application [http_code, headers, body]

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run -> (env) { puts env [200, {}, []] } conﬁg.ru

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run -> (env) { puts env [200, {}, []] } conﬁg.ru

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conﬁg.ru run -> (env) { [200, headers, [body]] } body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s }

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conﬁg.ru run -> (env) { [200, headers, [body]] } body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s }

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Router

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/posts PostController #index

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conﬁg.ru run -> (env) { [200, headers, [body]] } body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s }

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conﬁg.ru $: << '.' require 'app' run App.new

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app.rb class App def call(env) body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController def show body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end

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app.rb class App def call(env) body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end RootController.new.show end end

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app.rb class App def call(env) RootController.new.show end end

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app.rb class App def call(env) path = env["REQUEST_PATH"] case path when %r{^/$} RootController.new.show else [404, { "Content-Length" => "9"}, ["Not found"]] end end end

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app.rb class App def call(env) path = env["REQUEST_PATH"] case path when %r{^/$} RootController.new.show else [404, { "Content-Length" => "9"}, ["Not found"]] end end end

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController def show body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end

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conﬁg.ru $: << '.' require 'app' require 'controllers/root_controller' run App.new require 'haml'

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views/root/show.html.haml %html %body %h1 Hello World

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController def show body = "

Hello World

" headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController # ... end def render(view_path) template = File.open(view_path, 'r').read Haml::Engine.new(template).render end

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController def show headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end def render # ... end end body = render('views/root/show.html.haml') body = "

Hello World

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views/root/show.html.haml %html %body %h1 Hello World

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views/layout/application.html.haml %html %body = yield

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController def render(view_path) template = File.open(view_path, 'r').read Haml::Engine.new(template).render end def render_with_layout(view_path) layout = File.open('views/layout/application.html.haml', 'r').re Haml::Engine.new(layout).render do render(view_path) end end end end

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def render_with_layout(view_path) layout = File.open #... Haml::Engine.new(layout).render do render(view_path) end end

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController def show body = render_with_layout('views/root/show.html.haml') headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end def render(view_path) template = File.open(view_path, 'r').read Haml::Engine.new(template).render end def render_with_layout(view_path) layout = File.open('views/layout/application.html.haml', 'r').re Haml::Engine.new(layout).render do render(view_path) end end end class RootController < Controller def show body = render_with_layout('views/root/show.html.haml') headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end

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conﬁg.ru $: << '.' require 'app' require 'controllers/root_controller' run App.new require 'haml' require 'controller'

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views/root/show.html.haml %h1 Hello World %h1 Hello #{@name}

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controller.rb class Controller end attr_accessor :env def initialize(env) self.env = env end def params Rack::Utils.parse_nested_query(env["QUERY_STRING"]) end

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app.rb class App def call(env) path = env["REQUEST_PATH"] case path when %r{^/$} RootController.new(env).show else [404, { "Content-Length" => "9"}, ["Not found"]] end end end

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@available_on_the_view = true binding = self HAML::Engine.new(template).render(binding)

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controller.rb class Controller def render(view_path) template = load_template_file(view_path) Haml::Engine.new(template).render end def render_with_layout(view_path) layout_template = load_template_file('... ') Haml::Engine.new(layout_template).render do render(view_path) end end end class Controller def render(view_path, context = self) template = load_template_file(view_path) Haml::Engine.new(template).render(context) end def render_with_layout(view_path, context = self) layout_template = load_template_file('... ') Haml::Engine.new(layout_template).render(context) do render(view_path, context) end end end `

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controllers/root_controller.rb class RootController < Controller def show body = render_with_layout('views/root/show.html.haml') headers = { "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s } [200, headers, [body]] end end @name = params["name"] || "World"

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Models

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ActiveRecord::Base

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require 'active_record' class User < ActiveRecord::Base #... end model/user.rb

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Sequel

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model/user.rb require 'sequel' DB = Sequel.sqlite class User def self.all DB[:users].to_a end end

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pg mysql

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model/user.rb require 'pg' DB = PG.connect( dbname: 'test', host: 'localhost') class User def self.all result = DB.exec "SELECT * FROM users" fields = result.fields result.collect do |row| hash = {} row.each_with_index do |value, i| hash[fields[i]] = value end end end end

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Once last piece of advice

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Don’t actually do this

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Logging Caching Database Pooling Cookies Sessions

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Read code

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Try to understand how things work

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You should start writing your own framework!

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<3 Rails Core Team

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github.com/dabit/wawr

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Disclaimer: I do NOT actually think that writing web applications with Rails is boring

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@dabit [email protected] Thank You!