Senior Consulting Engineer, MongoDB Inc. James Tan #NoSQLEast Intro to MongoDB 

What is MongoDB? 

MongoDB is a ___________ database •  Document •  Open source •  High performance •  Horizontally scalable •  Full featured 

Document Database •  Not for .PDF & .DOC files •  A document is essentially an associative array •  Document = JSON object •  Document = PHP Array •  Document = Python Dict •  Document = Ruby Hash •  etc. 

Open Source •  MongoDB is an open source project •  On GitHub •  Licensed under the AGPL •  Started & sponsored by MongoDB Inc (formerly 10gen) •  Commercial licenses available •  Contributions welcome 

High Performance •  Written in C++ •  Extensive use of memory-mapped files i.e. read-through write-through memory caching •  Runs nearly everywhere •  Data serialized as BSON (fast parsing) •  Full support for primary & secondary indexes •  Document model = less work 

Horizontally Scalable (scale out) Shard N Shard 3 Shard 2 Shard 1 Horizontally Scalable Auto-Sharding •  Increase capacity as you go •  Commodity and cloud architectures •  Improved operational simplicity and cost visibility 

“Hot” Dataset Exceeds Physical Memory 

Read/Write Throughput Exceeds I/O 

Full Featured Rich Queries •  Find Paul’s cars •  Find everybody in London with a car built between 1970 and 1980 Geospatial •  Find all of the car owners within 5km of Trafalgar Sq. Text Search •  Find all the cars described as having leather seats Aggregation •  Calculate the average value of Paul’s car collection Map Reduce •  What is the ownership pattern of colors by geography over time? (is purple trending up in China?) { ! first_name: ‘Paul’,! surname: ‘Miller’,! city: ‘London’,! location: [45.123,47.232],! cars: [ ! { model: ‘Bentley’,! year: 1973,! value: 100000, … },! { model: ‘Rolls Royce’,! year: 1965,! value: 330000, … }! }! }! 

Operational Database Landscape 

Who uses MongoDB? 

7,000,000+ MongoDB Downloads 200,000+ Online Education Registrants 35,000+ MongoDB Management Service (MMS) Users 30,000+ MongoDB User Group Members 20,000+ MongoDB Days Attendees Global Community 

Leading Organizations Rely on MongoDB 

MongoDB Use Cases Big Data Product & Asset Catalogs Security & Fraud Internet of Things Database-as-a- Service Mobile Apps Customer Data Management Single View Social & Collaboration Content Management Intelligence Agencies Top Investment and Retail Banks Top US Retailer Top Global Shipping Company Top Industrial Equipment Manufacturer Top Media Company Top Investment and Retail Banks 

Data Model 

Terminology RDBMS MongoDB Table, View ➜ Collection Row ➜ Document Index ➜ Index Join ➜ Embedded Document Foreign Key ➜ Reference Partition ➜ Shard 

Let’s Build a Blog 

Typical (relational) ERD User ·Name ·Email address Category ·Name ·URL Comment ·Comment ·Date ·Author Article ·Name ·Slug ·Publish date ·Text Tag ·Name ·URL 

No content

MongoDB ERD User ·Name ·Email address Article ·Name ·Slug ·Publish date ·Text ·Author Comment[] ·Comment ·Date ·Author Tag[] ·Value Category[] ·Value Linking vs embedding 

Sample Article document { ! _id: ObjectId(…),! name: ‘My first blog post’,! slug: ‘/2014_01_23_My_first_blog_post’,! published: ISODate(‘2014-01-23T12:23:42‘),! user_id: ObjectId(…),! text: ‘This is the very first blog post…’,! author: ‘John Doe’,! tags: [ ‘NoSQL’, ’MongoDB’ ],! categories: [ ‘Work’ ]! comments: [
 { name: ‘Harry’,
 text: ‘Nice blog post!’,! ts: ISODate(‘2014-02-03T11:41:25‘) },! …! ]! }! Fields Fields can contain an array of sub- documents Fields can contain arrays Typed field values Date 

Deployment models 

Secondary Secondary Primary Client Application Driver Write Read Deployment - Standalone Arbiter 

Secondary Secondary Primary Client Application Driver Write Read Deployment - Replica Set Arbiter 

Node 1 Secondary Config Server Node 1 Secondary Config Server Node 1 Secondary Config Server Shard Shard Shard Mongos App Server Mongos App Server Mongos App Server Deployment – Sharded cluster 

Control of reads and writes •  Read preferences: primary (default), primaryPreferred, secondary, secondaryPreferred, nearest! •  Write concerns: (e.g. w=1, w=majority, j=1, wtimeout=) •  Tagged reads and writes (to specific/subset of nodes) •  Tag aware sharding 

Questions? 

Senior Consulting Engineer, MongoDB Inc. James Tan #NoSQLEast Thank You