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Vagrant for Real

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Michele Orselli CTO@Ideato _orso_ micheleorselli / ideatosrl [email protected] Riccardo Franconi SW Engineer@Ideato ricfrank ricfrank / ideatosrl [email protected]

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http://mitchellh.com/the-tao-of-vagrant

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1) clone repo 2) vagrant up 3) there’s no #3

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#tips

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vagrantfile configs vm performance app config tips provision/packaging

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Portable configuration tips

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Don’t use local names for your boxes

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c.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64"

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c.vm.box_url = "http://your_box"

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Avoid absolute paths

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c.vm.synced_folder “/myProj","/var/www/myProj"

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config.vm.synced_folder "./", "/var/www/myProj"

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Move host specific configuration outside Vagrantfile

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ram: 2048 cpus: 2 ipaddress: 10.10.10.10 vagrantfile-local-config.yml

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require ‘yaml' _config = YAML.load(File.open(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), “vagrantfile-local-config.yml”), File::RDONLY).read) CONF = _config config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.customize["modifyvm",:id,“--memory", CONF["ram"]] vb.customize ["modifyvm",:id,"--cpus", CONF[“cpus"]] … end

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As rule of thumb you could assign the half cpus and a quarter of the memory based on your host machine https://stefanwrobel.com/how-to-make-vagrant-performance-not-suck

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Force a specific provider

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ENV['VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER'] = 'virtualbox'

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Project’s folders organization

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project_dir -- vagrant -- project -- Vagrantfile

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project_dir -- vagrant -- Vagrantfile -- www -- project1 -- project2 -- project3

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vagrant plugin install HostsUpdater

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if Vagrant.has_plugin?("HostsUpdater") config.hostsupdater.aliases = ["host1.lo"] else puts "--- WARNING ---"
 puts “You should install HostsUpdater” end

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VM Performance

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run tests… still running…

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mitchellh.com/comparing-filesystem-performance-in-virtual- machines Virtualbox vs VmWare

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Virtualbox 22 min VmWare 15 min #tip: usevmware

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Virtualbox 22 mi VmWare 15 min #tip: usevmware +30%

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use VmWare if you can #tip: usevmware (it will cost you a few $)

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use nfs if you can #tip: usenfs

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vagrant plugin install vbguest #tip: vbguest keeps guest addition updated

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On VM I/O is the bottleneck

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loading webpages running testsuites are READ heavy

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move I/O outside shared folders

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Default provider: virtualbox 3 PHP test suites with unit, functional, integration mix small (sf1): build runs in ~25 sec medium (zf2): build runs in ~2 mins large (sf2): build runs ~ 20 mins

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I/O: logs, cache #tip: moveiofromshared

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class AppKernel extends Kernel { public function getCacheDir() { if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', 'test'))) { return '/dev/shm/appname/cache/' . $this->environment; } return parent::getCacheDir(); } public function getLogDir() { if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', ‘test'))) { return '/dev/shm/appname/logs'; } return parent::getLogDir(); } } #tip: moveiofromshared

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class AppKernel extends Kernel { public function getCacheDir() { if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', 'test'))) { return '/dev/shm/appname/cache/' . $this->environment; } return parent::getCacheDir(); } public function getLogDir() { if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', ‘test'))) { return '/dev/shm/appname/logs'; } return parent::getLogDir(); } } #tip: moveiofromshared

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class { public function { { } public function { { } } #tip: moveiofromshared +13-16%

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I/O: increase realpath cache #tip: realpathcache

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realpath_cache_size = 4096k realpath_cache_ttl = 7200 php.ini #tip: realpathcache

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realpath_cache_size realpath_cache_ttl php.ini #tip: realpathcache +7%

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I/O: move DB on RAM #tip: moveiofromshared if you use sqlite move it on /dev/shm

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vagrant plugin install vagrantcachier #tip: vagrantcachier

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if Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-cachier") config.cache.scope = :box config.cache.synced_folder_opts = { type: :nfs, mount_options: ['rw','vers=3','tcp','nolock'] } end #tip: moveiofromshared Vagrantfile

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if config.cache.synced_folder_opts type: mount_options: [ end #tip: moveiofromshared Vagrantfile +30% for reprovisioning a box with git, php apache, mysql

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use cachefilesd for nfs #tip: cachefilesd

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#tip: cachefilesd - name: Install cachefilesd apt: pkg=cachefilesd state=present - name: Enable cachefilesd lineinfile: dest=/etc/default/cachefilesd line=“RUN=yes” - name: Start cachefilesd service service: name=cachefilesd state=restarted

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#tip: cachefilesd config.vm.synced_folder "../", "/var/www", id: “vagrant-root”, type: “nfs”, mount_options: ['rw','vers=3','tcp','fsc'] Vagrantfile

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#tip: cachefilesd config.vm.synced_folder mount_options: [ Vagrantfile -15% +10%

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Application Management

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How to access mysql

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- name: add mysql user mysql_user: name=ideato host='%' password=ideato priv=*.*:ALL,GRANT login_user=root login_password= - name: config bind address to allow remote remote connections lineinfile: dest=/etc/mysql/my.cnf state=present regexp='bind-address = 127\.0\.0\.1' line='bind-address = 0\.0\.0\.0' backup=yes - name: restart mysql service: name=mysql state=restarted

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- name: Install phpmyadmin apt: pkg=phpmyadmin state=present - name: Include phpmyadmin in Apache config lineinfile: dest=/etc/apache2/apache2.conf line="Include /etc/phpmyadmin apache.conf" notify: restart apache

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- name: adminer clone git: repo=https://github.com/vrana/adminer.git dest=/var/www/adminer version=v4.2.1 accept_hostkey=true - name: adminer compile command: php compile.php chdir=/var/www/adminer creates=/var/www/adminer/adminer-4.2.1.php

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Permissions management in shared folders

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config.vm.synced_folder "../", "/var/www", id: "vagrant-root", owner: "vagrant", group: "vagrant", mount_options: ["dmode=777,fmode=777"]

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Use host ssh keys

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config.ssh.forward_agent = true

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ForwardAgent yes check ssh config file in your host machine

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Provisioning

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to phansible or not to phansible? #tip: provisioningtpls

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• quick and easy way to start • they’re general • old platforms are not supported • a lot of a good ideas you can steal from • on the long run move to your own template #tip: provisioningtpls

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#tip: provisioningtpls if which('ansible-playbook') config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible| ansible.playbook = "ansible/playbook.yml" ansible.inventory_path = "ansible/inventories/dev" ansible.limit = 'all' ansible.extra_vars = { private_interface: "192.168.33.99", hostname: "default" } end else config.vm.provision :shell, path: "ansible/windows.sh", args: ["default"] end

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can you assume everyone in your team have the same version? #tip: provisioningtpls

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#tip: provisioningtpls if which('ansible-playbook') config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible| ansible.playbook = "ansible/playbook.yml" ansible.inventory_path = "ansible/inventories/dev" ansible.limit = 'all' ansible.extra_vars = { private_interface: "192.168.33.99", hostname: "default" } end else config.vm.provision :shell, path: "ansible/windows.sh", args: ["default"] end

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the provisioning tool is a moving part: wanna update? be careful #tip: provisioningtpls

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create Vagrant indipendent provision scripts #tip: provisioningtpls

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#tip: provisioningtpls config.vm.provision :shell, :path => "scripts/bootstrap.sh", :args => "/var/www" config.vm.provision :shell, :path => “scripts/provision.sh", :args => "/var/www"

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you’re in control of provisioning command you can perform additional checks on host machine #tip: provisioningtpls

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Distributing VMs

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provisioning does not create immutable vm by default eg: package update on LTS #tip: packaging

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live on the edge and fix provision script use stable package repositories #tip: packaging

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https://speakerdeck.com/mitchellh/vagrant-usage-patterns Create and distribute your own VM #tip: goldenimage

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Questions? https://joind.in/talk/view/14548