VCS, Git & GitHub - Speaker Deck

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Version Control Git & GitHub @kabirbaidhya

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Version Control

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What is VCS?

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Version control systems are a category of software tools that help a software team manage changes to source code over time. https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/what-is-version- control “ “

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Why Version Control? 1. Collaboration 2. Track complete change history 3. Branching and Merging 4. Versions 5. Revert/Rollback

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Distributed Version Control Systems Code is hosted in a repository Every client has a complete copy of the repository Synchronize the changes in between client & server Every clone is really a full backup of the repository Example: Git, Mercurial, etc.

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Distributed Version Control Systems

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Git

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What is Git?

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A Distributed Version Control System (VCS).

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More precisely, The most popular & widely used modern version control system today.

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Originally developed by Linus Torvalds the creator of the Linux kernel.

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What's the big deal about Git?

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Easy to learn

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Powerful

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Performance

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Flexible

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Open Source

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And it's a de facto standard

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Ge ng Started with Git

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Installa on Linux Ubuntu/Debain $ sudo apt-get install git Centos/RHEL/Fedora $ sudo yum install git For other distros check the of cial installation docs.

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Installa on Windows 1. Download the installer from https://git-for-windows.github.io/ 2. Install Git

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Check Installa on Veriy that git is proplery installed with $ git --version It should print the git version installed on your system like this. git version 2.7.4

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Conﬁgura on

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Conﬁgure git user The rst thing you do after installing git is to set up your user name and email. $ git config --global user.name $ git config --global user.email Then you can check your con g with $ git config --list user.name=Kabir Baidhya user.email=kabirbaidhya@gmail.com core.editor=vim core.excludesfile=/home/kabir/.gitignore_global

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Se ng up a repository

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Ini alize The git init command creates a new Git repository. # Go to your project directory $ cd /your/project/directory # Initialize a git repository $ git init

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Clone The git clone command clones a remote repository into the local machine. This will create a complete copy of remotely hosted repository in your local computer. $ git clone [directory]

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Saving Changes

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Adding ﬁles In order to save your changes to the repository you'll need to commit your changes. You rst need to select les you want to commit using this git add command. # Add specific file(s) $ git add # Add whole path or directory $ git add # Add all of your changes $ git add --all

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Commi ng changes The git commit command commits the staged changes to the history. $ git commit This will ask you to enter a commit message for your commit. In case you don't like to be prompted for the message, you can set directly using the -m option like this $ git commit -m "This was my first commit"

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Inspec ng the repository

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Checking status We use git status command to display the status of the working directory and the staging area. $ git status If you have nothing to be committed or no untracked les then it would just show some message like this $ git status On branch master nothing to commit, working directory clean But if you have some changes to be committed it lists them.

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History We can use the git log command to display the history of committed changes on the repository. $ git log There are lots of options available for better inspection of history. For instance, $ git log --oneline # Shows each commit on one line $ git log -n $ git log --author="" $ git log ..

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Working with remote

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Adding a remote You need to add remote repository urls of a remote server to be able to synhronize your changes with the remote repository. You can do this using the git remote add command. $ git remote add You can verify added remotes by doing $ git remote -v It should list the urls to the remote repositories you've added so far.

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Pushing your changes Push all the changes (commits) you did to your local repository to the remote repositories is pretty simple with git push command. # Push a local branch changes to remote $ git push # Push all the changes of local branches to remote $ git push --all For instance: $ git push origin master

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Pulling remote changes The git pull command fetches the changes of the current branch from remote and merges it into the local branch. This is same as running the combination of git fetch and then git merge . $ git pull [branch] Example: $ git pull origin master

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Checking out code

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Checking out Checking out code actually means to take your working directory to a speci c change (commit), branch, tag or or even different versions of les. You can do all these things with just a simple command git checkout . $ git checkout # go to that commit $ git checkout # checkout that file to previous $ git checkout # go to another branch $ git checkout # go to a tagged version of the r

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Branching & Merging

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Branching The git branch command allows you to list, create and delete branches. To create a new branch you can do $ git branch

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Merging You can use git merge command to merge changes of a branch into the current HEAD . Merging a branch into your current branch is as simple as: $ git merge

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GitHub

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GitHub Software development platform Sort of Social networking platform for developers Provides Git repository hosting services & web based platform to manage repositories and projects Popular for open source projects

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Links 1. https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2 2. https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/what-is- version-control 3. https://try.github.io 4. https://www.git-tower.com/blog/git-cheat-sheet/

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Thank You @kabirbaidhya kabirbaidhya@gmail.com The slides were created using Marp. https://yhatt.github.io/marp/