Structure For Your Huge Angular Solutions: Packages, Monorepos andMicro Frontends @AngularDays2020 Berlin/Online

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@BASTAcon & @ManfredSteyer Structure For Your Huge Angular Solutions: Packages, Monorepos and Micro Frontends

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@ManfredSteyer Typical Module Structure Page ▪ 2 AppModule … … … SharedModule Root Module Feature Modules Shared Modules SharedModule

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@ManfredSteyer Contents • (npm-)Packages • Nx Monorepos • Strategic Design and DDD • Microfrontends

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@ManfredSteyer Manfred Steyer

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@ManfredSteyer npm Packages

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@ManfredSteyer Create Library with CLI >= 6 npm install -g @angular/cli ng new lib-project cd lib-project ng generate library logger-lib ng generate application playground-app ng serve --project playground-app ng build --project logger-lib

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@ManfredSteyer Folder Structure

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@ManfredSteyer Create Library with CLI >= 6 npm install -g @angular/cli ng new lib-project --create-application false cd lib-project ng generate library logger-lib ng generate application playground-app ng serve --project playground-app ng build --project logger-lib

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@ManfredSteyer Publishing

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@ManfredSteyer Publishing to npm Registry • Increment version in package.json • ng build --project logger-lib • npm publish --registry http://localhost:4873 • npm install --registry http://localhost:4873

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@ManfredSteyer Alternatives for setting the Registry • Global: npm set registry http://localhost:4873 • Default: registry.npmjs.org • npm get registry • Project: .npmrc in project root

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@ManfredSteyer npm Registries Nexus Artifactory Team Foundation Server Verdaccio npm i -g verdaccio verdaccio

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@ManfredSteyer DEMO

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@ManfredSteyer Advantages • Distribution • Versioning

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@ManfredSteyer Disadvantages • Distribution • Versioning ;-)

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@ManfredSteyer Disadvantages Distribution • Annoying within project • Prevents gritting further libs Versioning • Old versions • Conflicts • How to force devs to use latest version?

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@ManfredSteyer Monorepos

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@ManfredSteyer Monorepo Structure

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@ManfredSteyer Advantages Everyone uses the latest versions No version conflicts No burden with distributing libs Creating new libs: Adding folder Experience: Successfully used at Google, Facebook, …

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@ManfredSteyer Two Flavors • Like Workspaces/Solutions in different IDEs Project Monorepo • E. g. used at Google or Facebook Company-wide Monorepo

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@ManfredSteyer Moving back and forth Npm Registry

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@ManfredSteyer Tooling & Generator https://nrwl.io/nx

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@ManfredSteyer Visualize Module Structure

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@ManfredSteyer Creating a Workspace npm install -g @angular/cli ng new workspace cd workspace ng generate app my-app ng generate lib my-lib ng serve --project my-app ng build --project my-app

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@ManfredSteyer Creating a Workspace npm install -g @angular/cli npm init nx-workspace myworkspace cd workspace ng generate app my-app ng generate lib my-lib ng serve --project my-app ng build --project my-app

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@ManfredSteyer DEMO

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@ManfredSteyer LAB

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@ManfredSteyer DDD in a nutshell

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@ManfredSteyer Methodology for bridging the gap b/w requirements and architecture/ design

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Domain Driven Design Strategic Design Tactical Design Decomposing a System Design Patterns & Practices

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@ManfredSteyer Domain Driven Design Strategic Design Tactical Design Decomposing a System Design Patterns & Practices

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Example Flight System Flight System

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Check-in Check-in Boarding Boarding Luggage Luggage Example Sub-Domains

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Luggage Luggage Boarding Boarding Check-in Check-in Context Map

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@ManfredSteyer Luggage Luggage Booking Booking Context Map Check-in Check-in Boarding Boarding Shared Kernel Shared Kernel

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Check-in Check-in API API

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@ManfredSteyer Lots of approaches for cross-domain communication and more …

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Boarding Boarding Shared Shared Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Enterprise Monorepo Patterns, Nrwl 2018: https://tinyurl.com/y2jjxld7 @ManfredSteyer Shared Kernel (if really needed) & other libs Smart Comp. Dumb Comp.

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Boarding Boarding Shared Shared Feature Feature API API Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI UI Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Domain Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util Util @ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Application Domain Model Infrastructure Application Domain Model Infrastructure Isolate your domain! Domain Domain e. g. data access Use case specific facades, state management Entities, biz logic

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@ManfredSteyer Alternatives to layering • e. g. Hexagonal Architecture, Clean Architecture • Anyway: We need to restrict access b/w libraries

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@ManfredSteyer DEMO

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@ManfredSteyer Finegrained Libraries • Unit of recompilation • Unit of retesting • Access restrictions • Information Hiding • Easy: Just ng g lib … • Future replacement for NgModules?

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@ManfredSteyer Micro Frontends? Short outlook

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@ManfredSteyer Booking App Booking App Check-in App Check-in App Boarding App Boarding App Luggage App Luggage App Microfrontends

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Boarding Boarding Shared Shared Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … @ManfredSteyer Flight App Flight App Deployment Monolith

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@ManfredSteyer Booking Booking Boarding Boarding Shared Shared Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature Feature … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Booking App Booking App Boarding App Boarding App Microfrontends

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@ManfredSteyer Benefits Autonomous Teams Separate Development Separate Deployment Own architecture decisions Own technology descisions

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@ManfredSteyer Integration via Hyperlinks

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Integration via Shell

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@ManfredSteyer µService Providing a (SPA based) Shell µApp µApp µApp Shell

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@ManfredSteyer Loading Separately Compiled SPAs const script = document.createElement('script'); script.src = 'assets/micro-app.bundle.js'; document.body.appendChild(script); const clientA = document.createElement('client-a'); clientA['visible'] = true; document.body.appendChild(clientA);

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Idea const Component = import('http://other-app/xyz') Does not work with webpack/ Angular CLI Even lazy parts must be known at compile time!

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@ManfredSteyer Webpack 5 Module Federation Shell (Host) Microfrontend (Remote) // Maps Urls in // webpack config remotes: { mfe1: "mfe1" } // Expose files in // webpack config exposes: { Cmp: './my.cmp.ts' } import('mfe1/Cmp')

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@ManfredSteyer How to Get the Microfrontend's URL? Shell (Host) Microfrontend (Remote) RemoteEntrypoint.js

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@ManfredSteyer How to Share Libs? Shell (Host) Microfrontend (Remote) shared: [ "@angular/core", "…" ] shared: [ "@angular/core", "…" ]

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@ManfredSteyer DEMO

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@ManfredSteyer Example for SemVer and Fallback • Shell: my-lib: ^10.0.0 • MFE1: my-lib: ^10.1.1 • MFE2: my-lib: ^9.0.0 Result: • Shell and MFE1 share ^10.1.1 • MFE2 falls back to its own version ^9.0.0

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@ManfredSteyer However … • Shell: my-lib: ^10.0.0 • MFE1: my-lib: ^10.1.1 + MFE1: dynamic Module Federation Result: • Shell uses ^10.0.0 • MFE1 falls back to its own version ^10.1.1

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@ManfredSteyer However … • Shell: my-lib: ^10.1.1 • MFE1: my-lib: ^10.0.0 + MFE1: dynamic Module Federation Result: • Shell and MFE1 share ^10.1.1

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@ManfredSteyer Configuring Singletons shared: { "my-lib": { singleton: true, strictVersion: true // Error instead of warning! } }

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@ManfredSteyer Relaxing Version Requirements shared: { "my-lib": { requiredVersion: ">=1.0.1 <11.1.1" } }

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@ManfredSteyer

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@ManfredSteyer Well … Webpack 5 is currently beta Shown examples: PoC w/ custom webpack conf + patched CLI lib CLI: Not before version 11 (fall 2020) Custom Builder (e. g. ngx-build-plus)

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@ManfredSteyer Free eBook ANGULARarchitects.io/book Updated for Module Federation and Alternatives

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@ManfredSteyer Choosing a Solution

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@ManfredSteyer Some General Advice Shared state, navigation b/w apps Hyperlinks Legacy Apps or *very very* strong isolation? iframes Separate Deployment/ mix Technologies? Load Bundles on Demand Monolith little much yes no yes no Not a good fit for public web sites

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@ManfredSteyer d Slides & Examples Public: Frankfurt, Munich, Vienna In-House: everywhere http://softwarearchitekt.at/workshops