Virtualization 1 

Virtualization Dividing a single real server into multiple virtual servers ¨  increased utilization, energy saving, rapid deployment, improved maintenance capability, isolation, and encapsulation ¨  enables providing flexible workload management, applications to migrate from one server to another while still running, without downtime ¨  higher availability during planned maintenance or unplanned events ¨  run multiple applications at the same time on the same server, resulting in more efficient utilization of resources ¨  enables dynamic configuration and bundling of resources - different applications require different resources (some requiring more storage, others requiring more computing) ¨  quick recovery from failure: VM check pointing and migration enables recovery from unplanned outages ¨  automated resource provisioning, monitoring, and maintenance 2 

Virtual Machine ¨  Software implementation of a machine ¤  executes programs like a physical machine ¨  A system VM ¤  provides a complete system platform ¤  supports the execution of a complete operating system ¨  Not a process VM ¤  Java Virtual Machine runs Java programs in Java Runtime Environment 3 Destroy Create Suspend Resume Save Migrate VM lifecycle 

Hands-on Exercise 4 ¨  Install a virtualization software on your computer ¤  www.virtualbox.org (FREE) or ¤  www.vmware.com ($) or ¤  www.parallels.com ($) ¨  Create a couple Virtual Machines ¨  Drive the VMs through their life cycle 

VM Management Toolset 5 VM VMM VIM CIM Virtual Machines have two main layers 1) Operating System 2) Software that performs specific tasks Virtual Machine Manager manages the lifecycle of VMs on a single node Cloud Infrastructure Manager is a web-based management solution on the top of the infrastructure from the IaaS provider Virtual Infrastructure Managers manage, deploy, and monitor VMs on a distributed pool of resources 

Virtualization Categories ¨  Guest OS does not need any modification ¨  Full virtualization ¤  VMWare, Virtualbox ¨  Emulates the entire hardware environment by utilizing hardware virtualization support, binary code translation, or binary code rewriting ¨  Full virtualization helps run non- open-source operating system or legacy OS ¨  Guest OS needs modification ¨  Paravirtualization ¤  Xen ¨  Requires the guest OS kernel to be modified to become aware of the hypervisor ¨  No need to emulate the entire hardware environment ¨  OS-level information about the VM can be passed explicitly from the OS to the VMM ¨  Improved performance and efficiency is achieved by having the guest OS communicate with the hypervisor ¨  Guest indicates its intent to the hypervisor so both cooperate to obtain better performance 6 

Hypervisor (VMM) 7 ¨  Logically assigns and separates physical resources ¨  allows a guest OS to function as if it were solely in control of the hardware, unaware that other guests are sharing it ¨  insulates guests from each other 

Virtual Infrastructure Management 8 ¨  Efficient management of a virtual infrastructure as a whole, by providing basic functionality for deploying, controlling, and monitoring VMs on a distributed pool of resources ¨  Achieved by communicating through their VMMs ¤  Improving the distributed and efficient management of the virtual infrastructure as a whole (i.e., deployment, control, and monitoring) ¤  Providing self-provisioning of the virtual infrastructure ¤  Improving the integrity and interoperability of the different virtualization technologies (different hypervisors such as Xen, VMware) as well as the different cloud providers ¤  Providing administrators with a uniform user-friendly environment that enables access to a wider range of physically distributed facilities improving productivity 

Summary 9 ¨  Virtualization provides tools for creating and maintaining cloud computing systems ¨  Makes services flexible and easy to use ¨  Provides on-demand access to massive compute power at affordable prices 

Questions and discussion on topic 10 

11 Thank you.