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Android Realtime Libraries Fumihiko Shiroyama https://speakerdeck.com/srym/android-realtime-library

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About Me • Fumihiko Shiroyama • Android App Developer • Nikkei Inc. • https://github.com/srym • https://twitter.com/fushiroyama

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Realtime Apps

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https://github.com/srym/FirebaseRealTimeChat

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https://realm.io/news/introducing-realm-mobile-platform/

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Realtime Apps' Upsides

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Realtime Apps' Upsides • Enables Rich User Interaction • Server Side Message Pushing • No Pull-To-Refresh

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Realtime Apps' Downsides

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Realtime Apps' Downsides • Connection Problems • Dealing with Poor Signal • Hassle with Retransmission • Complex Infrastructure • Proxy Problems etc, etc...

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Realtime Libraries

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Realtime Libraries • WebSocket

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Realtime Libraries • WebSocket • Firebase Realtime Database

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Realtime Libraries • WebSocket • Firebase Realtime Database • Realm Mobile Platform

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WebSocket

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WebSocket 8FC4PDLFU 4FSWFS 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU

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WebSocket 4FOE.FTTBHF 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU 8FC4PDLFU 4FSWFS 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU send "hello"

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WebSocket 4FOE.FTTBHF 1SPDFTT %BUB 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU 8FC4PDLFU 4FSWFS 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU send "hello" send "hello"

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WebSocket 4FOE.FTTBHF 1SPDFTT %BUB 4FOE.FTTBHF 4FOE.FTTBHF 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU 8FC4PDLFU 4FSWFS 8FC4PDLFU $MJFOU send "hello" send "hello" "hello" is sent

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WebSocket • https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455 • HTTP Upgrade

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WebSocket GET /chat HTTP/1.1 Host: server.example.com Upgrade: websocket Connection: Upgrade Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ== Origin: http://example.com Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat, superchat Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13

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WebSocket GET /chat HTTP/1.1 Host: server.example.com Upgrade: websocket Connection: Upgrade Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ== Origin: http://example.com Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat, superchat Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13

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WebSocket • https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455 • HTTP Upgrade • Light-Weight & Efficient • Minimum 2KB Header + Payload • Keeping Connection

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OkHttp Supports WebSocket

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Try it!

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WebSocket Server • https://github.com/theturtle32/WebSocket-Node • $ npm install websocket • https://github.com/theturtle32/WebSocket- Node#server-example • $ node server-example.js

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WebSocket Server • https://github.com/theturtle32/WebSocket-Node • $ npm install websocket • https://github.com/theturtle32/WebSocket- Node#server-example • $ node server-example.js 8IBUFWFS ZPVMJLF

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build.gradle dependencies { compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.6.0' }

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WebSocketListener WebSocketListener listener = new WebSocketListener() { @Override public void onOpen(WebSocket ws, Response res) {} @Override public void onClosing(WebSocket ws, int code, String reason) {} @Override public void onClosed(WebSocket ws, int code, String reason) {} @Override public void onFailure(WebSocket ws, Throwable t, Response res) {} @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, final String text) {} @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, ByteString bytes) {} };

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WebSocketListener WebSocketListener listener = new WebSocketListener() { @Override public void onOpen(WebSocket ws, Response res) {} @Override public void onClosing(WebSocket ws, int code, String reason) {} @Override public void onClosed(WebSocket ws, int code, String reason) {} @Override public void onFailure(WebSocket ws, Throwable t, Response res) {} @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, final String text) {} @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, ByteString bytes) {} };

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WebSocketListener @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, final String text) { Log.d(TAG, "onMessage(text): " + text); } @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, ByteString bytes) { Log.d(TAG, "onMessage(binary)"); }

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WebSocketListener @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, final String text) { Log.d(TAG, "onMessage(text): " + text); } @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, ByteString bytes) { Log.d(TAG, "onMessage(binary)"); } 5FYU #JOBSZ

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OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("ws://example.com:8080") .build(); final WebSocket webSocket = client.newWebSocket(request, listener); // Trigger shutdown of the dispatcher's executor // so this process can exit cleanly. client.dispatcher().executorService().shutdown(); WebSocket

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OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("ws://example.com:8080") .build(); final WebSocket webSocket = client.newWebSocket(request, listener); // Trigger shutdown of the dispatcher's executor // so this process can exit cleanly. client.dispatcher().executorService().shutdown(); WebSocket

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OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("ws://example.com:8080") .build(); final WebSocket webSocket = client.newWebSocket(request, listener); // Trigger shutdown of the dispatcher's executor // so this process can exit cleanly. client.dispatcher().executorService().shutdown(); WebSocket

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WebSocket OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("ws://example.com:8080") .build(); final WebSocket webSocket = client.newWebSocket(request, listener); // Trigger shutdown of the dispatcher's executor // so this process can exit cleanly. client.dispatcher().executorService().shutdown();

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send button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { webSocket.send("message"); } });

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send button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { webSocket.send("message"); } });

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send button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { webSocket.send("message"); } });

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send JSON

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Message public class Message { @SerializedName("sender_id") public final long senderId; @SerializedName("message") public final String message; public Message(long senderId, String message) { this.senderId = senderId; this.message = message; } }

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send JSON dependencies { compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.6.0' compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0' }

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send JSON dependencies { compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.6.0' compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0' }

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send JSON button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(1234, "hi there!"); webSocket.send(gson.toJson(message)); } });

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send JSON button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(1234, "hi there!"); webSocket.send(gson.toJson(message)); } });

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send JSON button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(1234, "hi there!"); webSocket.send(gson.toJson(message)); } });

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receive Message @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, final String text) { Message message = gson.fromJson(text, Message.class); Log.d(TAG, "onMessage(text): " + message.toString()); }

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receive Message @Override public void onMessage(WebSocket ws, final String text) { Message message = gson.fromJson(text, Message.class); Log.d(TAG, "onMessage(text): " + message.toString()); }

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WebSocket Tips

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WebSocket Tips • WebSocket does NOT have any room, namespace mechanism. • WebSocket does NOT support broadcasting out of the box.

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WebSocket Tips • WebSocket does NOT have any room, namespace mechanism. • WebSocket does NOT support broadcasting out of the box. 4PNF *NQMFNFOUBUJPOTEP

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WebSocket Server wsServer.on('request', function(request) { var connection = request.accept(); connection.on('message', function(message) { if (message.type === 'utf8') { wsServer.broadcastUTF(message.utf8Data); } else if (message.type === 'binary') { wsServer.broadcastBytes(message.binaryData); } }); }

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WebSocket Server wsServer.on('request', function(request) { var connection = request.accept(); connection.on('message', function(message) { if (message.type === 'utf8') { wsServer.broadcastUTF(message.utf8Data); } else if (message.type === 'binary') { wsServer.broadcastBytes(message.binaryData); } }); }

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WebSocket Server wsServer.on('request', function(request) { var connection = request.accept(); connection.on('message', function(message) { if (message.type === 'utf8') { wsServer.broadcastUTF(message.utf8Data); } else if (message.type === 'binary') { wsServer.broadcastBytes(message.binaryData); } }); }

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WebSocket Server wsServer.on('request', function(request) { var connection = request.accept(); connection.on('message', function(message) { if (message.type === 'utf8') { wsServer.broadcastUTF(message.utf8Data); } else if (message.type === 'binary') { wsServer.broadcastBytes(message.binaryData); } }); }

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WebSocket Tips • WebSocket does NOT have any room, namespace mechanism. • WebSocket does NOT support broadcasting out of the box. • You can use socket.io for room, namespace, connection retry, fallbacks etc...

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Summary

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Good Points • Simple and Open and Free • Server Hook Point • Binary Support • Can Scale • Redis Pub/Sub

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Bad Points • No Offline Support • No rooms / namespaces • No Broadcasting

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Firebase Realtime Database

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Realtime Database 3FNPUF %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF

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Realtime Database 3FNPUF %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF %BUB 8SJUUFO $BMMCBDL send "hello" "hello" written!

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Realtime Database 3FNPUF %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF %BUB 8SJUUFO 4ZOD $BMMCBDL send "hello" "hello" written!

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Realtime Database 3FNPUF %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF -PDBM %BUBCBTF %BUB 8SJUUFO 4ZOD 4ZOD 4ZOD $BMMCBDL $BMMCBDL send "hello" "hello" written! "hello" written!

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Realtime Database • by Google • Every client looks at Local Database • Offline Support! • Data are synced transparently • Handy and robust Security Rule • Don't worry about scaling

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Data Structure

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Data Structure • No SQL • JSON Tree • No "Columns" or "Relations"

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Data Structure { "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "eclarke", "message": "The relay seems to be malfunctioning.", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } } } .FTTBHF 5SFF

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Data Structure { "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "eclarke", "message": "The relay seems to be malfunctioning.", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } } } $IBUSPPN POF

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Data Structure { "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } } } Hello Everyone!

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Data Structure { "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } } } Hello Everyone!

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Data Structure { "chats": { "one": { "title": "Room 1", "lastMessage": "shiroyama: Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875666 }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } }, "members": { "one": { "shiroyama": true, "tanaka": true }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } }, "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } } } }

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Data Structure { "chats": { "one": { "title": "Room 1", "lastMessage": "shiroyama: Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875666 }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } }, "members": { "one": { "shiroyama": true, "tanaka": true }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } }, "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } } } } EFOPSNBMJ[JOH

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Data Structure { "chats": { "one": { "title": "Room 1", "lastMessage": "shiroyama: Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875666 }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } }, "members": { "one": { "shiroyama": true, "tanaka": true }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } }, "messages": { "one": { "m1": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } } } } EFOPSNBMJ[JOH

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Security Rules

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Security Rules { "rules": { "messages": { ".read": true, ".write": "auth != null" } } }

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Security Rules { "rules": { "messages": { ".read": true, ".write": "auth != null" } } }

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Security Rules { "rules": { "messages": { ".read": true, ".write": "auth != null" } } }

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Security Rules { "rules": { "messages": { ".read": true, ".write": "auth != null" } } }

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• https://firebase.google.com/docs/database/security/ • .read, .write, .validate • Predefined Variables • https://firebase.google.com/docs/database/security/ securing-data?hl=en#predefined_variables Security Rules

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Client Side

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Install Firebase Plugin

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Connect Realtime Database

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Add Realtime Database https://firebase.google.com/docs/database/android/start/

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google-services.json

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Firebase Console https://console.firebase.google.com/

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Database Reference FirebaseDatabase database = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance(); DatabaseReference messages = database.getReference("messages");

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Database Reference FirebaseDatabase database = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance(); DatabaseReference messages = database.getReference("messages");

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Database Reference FirebaseDatabase database = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance(); DatabaseReference messages = database.getReference("messages"); NFTTBHFT

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Message @IgnoreExtraProperties public class Message { private String name; private String message; private long timestamp; public Message() { } // getters and setters }

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Send Message button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); messages.push().setValue(message); } });

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Send Message button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); messages.push().setValue(message); } });

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Send Message button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); messages.push().setValue(message); } });

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Send Message button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); messages.push().setValue(message); } }); QVTIUPMJTU

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{ "messages": { "one": { "-Kei_CdbvKoms35KcA8p": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } } } Hello Everyone! Send Message

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{ "messages": { "one": { "-Kei_CdbvKoms35KcA8p": { "name": "shiroyama", "message": "Hello Everyone!", "timestamp": 1459361875337 }, "m2": { ... }, "m3": { ... } }, "two": { ... }, "three": { ... } } } Hello Everyone! HFOFSBUFECZ QVTI Send Message

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Send Message button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); messages.push().setValue(message); } });

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Send Message button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); messages.push().setValue(message); } }); XSJUF

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Send Message

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ChildEventListener listener = new ChildEventListener() { @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot snap) {} @Override public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onCancelled(DatabaseError error) {} }; messages.addChildEventListener(listener); Receive Message

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ChildEventListener listener = new ChildEventListener() { @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot snap) {} @Override public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onCancelled(DatabaseError error) {} }; messages.addChildEventListener(listener); Receive Message

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ChildEventListener listener = new ChildEventListener() { @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot snap) {} @Override public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onCancelled(DatabaseError error) {} }; messages.addChildEventListener(listener); Receive Message

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ChildEventListener listener = new ChildEventListener() { @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot snap) {} @Override public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot snap, String s) {} @Override public void onCancelled(DatabaseError error) {} }; messages.addChildEventListener(listener); Receive Message

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onChildAdded() @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) { Message message = snap.getValue(Message.class); Log.d(TAG, message.getMessage()); }

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onChildAdded() @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) { Message message = snap.getValue(Message.class); Log.d(TAG, message.getMessage()); }

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onChildAdded() @Override public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot snap, String s) { Message message = snap.getValue(Message.class); Log.d(TAG, message.getMessage()); } 5ZQF4BGF

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onChildAdded() D/Message: Hello Everyone! D/Message: How are you today?

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Sort and Filter messages.orderByChild("timestamp") .limitToFirst(50); messages.addChildEventListener(listener);

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Sort and Filter messages.orderByChild("timestamp") .limitToFirst(50); messages.addChildEventListener(listener);

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Sort and Filter messages.orderByChild("timestamp") .limitToFirst(50); messages.addChildEventListener(listener);

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Remove Listener @Override protected void onPause() { messages.removeEventListener(listener); super.onPause(); }

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Remove Listener @Override protected void onPause() { messages.removeEventListener(listener); super.onPause(); }

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• ValueEventListener • Fetch single item / at once • ChildEventListener • Fetch from list (add/change/remove/move) • https://firebase.google.com/docs/database/android/ read-and-write Listeners

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• Pull-to-Refresh • ValueEvent is triggered at last • Desc Ordering • setPrioritiy(timestamp * -1) • or create "desc_timestamp" property Realtime Database Tips

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• srym/FirebaseRealTimeChat • https://github.com/srym/FirebaseRealTimeChat • Realtime Database • Cloud Storage • Remote Config Realtime Database Sample

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Summary

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Good Points • Offline Support and Sync • Easy and Robust Security Rules • Good Interaction with other Firebase services • Easy to scale

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Bad Points • No binary support • No server hook point • No source code! • Tricky ordering limitation • Storage and Traffic fee could be expensive

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Realm Mobile Platform

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• Alternative to SQLite and Core Data • ORMapper • Cross Platform • https://realm.io/products/realm-mobile-database/ Realm Mobile Database

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Try it!

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Project's build.gradle buildscript { repositories { jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.2.3' classpath 'io.realm:realm-gradle-plugin:3.0.0' } }

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Project's build.gradle buildscript { repositories { jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.2.3' classpath 'io.realm:realm-gradle-plugin:3.0.0' } }

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App's build.gradle apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'realm-android' android { }

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App's build.gradle apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'realm-android' android { }

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Custom Application public class MyApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); Realm.init(this); RealmLog.setLevel(Log.VERBOSE); } }

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Custom Application public class MyApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); Realm.init(this); RealmLog.setLevel(Log.VERBOSE); } }

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Custom Application public class MyApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); Realm.init(this); RealmLog.setLevel(Log.VERBOSE); } }

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Message Model public class Message extends RealmObject { private String name; private String message; private long timestamp; public Message() { } // getters & setters }

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Message Model public class Message extends RealmObject { private String name; private String message; private long timestamp; public Message() { } // getters & setters }

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Message Model public class Message extends RealmObject { private String name; private String message; private long timestamp; public Message() { } // getters & setters } OFDFTTBSZ

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Message Model public class Message extends RealmObject { private String name; private String message; private long timestamp; public Message() { } // getters & setters } OFDFTTBSZ QSPYZUP OBUJWFDPEF

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Write to Realm button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { final Message message = realm.createObject(Message.class); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); } }); } });

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Write to Realm button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { final Message message = realm.createObject(Message.class); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); } }); } });

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Write to Realm button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { final Message message = realm.createObject(Message.class); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); } }); } });

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Write to Realm button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { final Message message = realm.createObject(Message.class); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); } }); } });

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Write to Realm button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { final Message message = realm.createObject(Message.class); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); } }); } });

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Write to Realm final Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { realm.copyToRealm(message); } });

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or

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Write to Realm final Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { realm.copyToRealm(message); } });

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Write to Realm final Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { realm.copyToRealm(message); } });

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Write to Realm final Message message = new Message(); message.setName(name); message.setMessage(text); message.setTimestamp(timestamp); Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { realm.copyToRealm(message); } });

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• Realm#executeTransaction • Realm#executeTransactionAsync Write to Realm

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Read from Realm Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); RealmResults messages = realm .where(Message.class) .findAll(); if (!messages.isEmpty()) { for (Message message : messages) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } }

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Read from Realm Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); RealmResults messages = realm .where(Message.class) .findAll(); if (!messages.isEmpty()) { for (Message message : messages) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } }

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Read from Realm Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); RealmResults messages = realm .where(Message.class) .findAll(); if (!messages.isEmpty()) { for (Message message : messages) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } }

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Read from Realm Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); RealmResults messages = realm .where(Message.class) .findAll(); if (!messages.isEmpty()) { for (Message message : messages) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } }

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Read from Realm Realm realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); RealmResults messages = realm .where(Message.class) .findAll(); if (!messages.isEmpty()) { for (Message message : messages) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } }

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Change Listener RealmChangeListener> changListener = new RealmChangeListener>() { @Override public void onChange(RealmResults element) { for (Message msg : element) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + msg.getMessage()); } } }; messages.addChangeListener(changListener);

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Change Listener RealmChangeListener> changListener = new RealmChangeListener>() { @Override public void onChange(RealmResults element) { for (Message msg : element) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + msg.getMessage()); } } }; messages.addChangeListener(changListener);

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Change Listener RealmChangeListener> changListener = new RealmChangeListener>() { @Override public void onChange(RealmResults element) { for (Message msg : element) { Log.d(TAG, "message: " + msg.getMessage()); } } }; messages.addChangeListener(changListener);

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Realm Browser

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Realm Mobile Platform

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Realm Mobile Platform Image from https://realm.io/news/introducing-realm-mobile-platform/

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• Offline Support • Realtime Sync • Authentication • Access Control Realm Mobile Platform

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3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF Realm Mobile Platform 3FBMN 0CKFDU 4FSWFS

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3FBMN 0CKFDU 4FSWFS %BUB 8SJUUFO $BMMCBDL send "hello" "hello" written! Realm Mobile Platform 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF

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%BUB 8SJUUFO 4ZOD $BMMCBDL send "hello" "hello" written! Realm Mobile Platform 3FBMN 0CKFDU 4FSWFS 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF

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%BUB 8SJUUFO 4ZOD 4ZOD 4ZOD $BMMCBDL $BMMCBDL send "hello" "hello" written! "hello" written! Realm Mobile Platform 3FBMN 0CKFDU 4FSWFS 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF 3FBMN .PCJMF %BUBCBTF

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Realm Object Server

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• https://realm.io/docs/realm-object-server/ • macOS • RHEL/CentOS 6 • Ubuntu 16.04 • AWS/AMI • Developer Edition is FREE Realm Object Server

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• Ubuntu 16.04 • curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/realm/realm/ script.deb.sh | sudo bash • sudo apt-get update • sudo apt-get install realm-object-server-developer • sudo systemctl enable realm-object-server • sudo systemctl start realm-object-server Realm Object Server

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• http://:9080/#!/setup Realm Object Server

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Realm Browser cat /etc/realm/admin_token.base64

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Client Side Modification

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App's build.gradle apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'realm-android' android { } realm { syncEnabled = true }

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App's build.gradle apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'realm-android' android { } realm { syncEnabled = true }

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} });

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} }); $SFBUF6TFS 'JSTU5JNF

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} });

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} });

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} });

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} });

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Login final SyncCredentials cred = SyncCredentials.usernamePassword(ID, PASSWORD, true); SyncUser.loginAsync(cred, AUTH_URL, new SyncUser.Callback() { @Override public void onSuccess(SyncUser user) { final SyncConfiguration syncConfiguration = new SyncConfiguration.Builder(user, REALM_URL).build(); Realm.setDefaultConfiguration(syncConfiguration); realm = Realm.getDefaultInstance(); } @Override public void onError(ObjectServerError error) {} });

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That's all!

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Fine-grained Collection Notification OrderedRealmCollectionChangeListener> listener = new OrderedRealmCollectionChangeListener>() { @Override public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { } };

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Fine-grained Collection Notification OrderedRealmCollectionChangeListener> listener = new OrderedRealmCollectionChangeListener>() { @Override public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { } };

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Fine-grained Collection Notification OrderedRealmCollectionChangeListener> listener = new OrderedRealmCollectionChangeListener>() { @Override public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { } };

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Fine-grained Collection Notification public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range[] insertions = changeSet.getInsertionRanges(); for (OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range insertion : insertions) { int index = insertion.startIndex; int length = insertion.length; for (int i = index; i < index + length; i++) { Message message = collection.get(i); Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } } } messages.addChangeListener(realmChangeListener);

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Fine-grained Collection Notification public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range[] insertions = changeSet.getInsertionRanges(); for (OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range insertion : insertions) { int index = insertion.startIndex; int length = insertion.length; for (int i = index; i < index + length; i++) { Message message = collection.get(i); Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } } } messages.addChangeListener(realmChangeListener);

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Fine-grained Collection Notification public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range[] insertions = changeSet.getInsertionRanges(); for (OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range insertion : insertions) { int index = insertion.startIndex; int length = insertion.length; for (int i = index; i < index + length; i++) { Message message = collection.get(i); Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } } } messages.addChangeListener(realmChangeListener);

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Fine-grained Collection Notification public void onChange(RealmResults collection, OrderedCollectionChangeSet changeSet) { OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range[] insertions = changeSet.getInsertionRanges(); for (OrderedCollectionChangeSet.Range insertion : insertions) { int index = insertion.startIndex; int length = insertion.length; for (int i = index; i < index + length; i++) { Message message = collection.get(i); Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message.getMessage()); } } } messages.addChangeListener(realmChangeListener);

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Fine-grained Collection Notification • https://realm.io/news/realm-java-3-0-collection- notifications/ • Receive detailed callback • Efficient • RealmRecyclerViewAdapter is using this

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Let others read/write Realm realm = user.getManagementRealm(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { Boolean mayRead = true; Boolean mayWrite = null; boolean mayManage = false; PermissionChange change = new PermissionChange(realmUrl, anotherUserID, mayRead, mayWrite, mayManage); realm.insert(change); } });

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Let others read/write Realm realm = user.getManagementRealm(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { Boolean mayRead = true; Boolean mayWrite = null; boolean mayManage = false; PermissionChange change = new PermissionChange(realmUrl, anotherUserID, mayRead, mayWrite, mayManage); realm.insert(change); } }); "MMPX

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Let others read/write Realm realm = user.getManagementRealm(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { Boolean mayRead = true; Boolean mayWrite = null; boolean mayManage = false; PermissionChange change = new PermissionChange(realmUrl, anotherUserID, mayRead, mayWrite, mayManage); realm.insert(change); } }); "TJUJT

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Let others read/write Realm realm = user.getManagementRealm(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { Boolean mayRead = true; Boolean mayWrite = null; boolean mayManage = false; PermissionChange change = new PermissionChange(realmUrl, anotherUserID, mayRead, mayWrite, mayManage); realm.insert(change); } }); %JTBMMPX

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Let others read/write Realm realm = user.getManagementRealm(); realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() { @Override public void execute(Realm realm) { Boolean mayRead = true; Boolean mayWrite = null; boolean mayManage = false; PermissionChange change = new PermissionChange(realmUrl, anotherUserID, mayRead, mayWrite, mayManage); realm.insert(change); } });

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Summary

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Good Points • Offline Support and Sync • Intuitive Query & Relation • You can use this on-premises • Developer Edition is FREE • Server Side Hook is Available on Enterprise Edition • Load Balancing is Available on Enterprise Edition

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Bad Points • Not really, that much! Great! • No server hook on Developer Edition • Realm MAY affect App's Architecture • Live Object is sometimes tricky

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Samples • [realm-demos/realm-draw] • https://github.com/realm-demos/realm-draw

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Which one did you like?

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Thank You!

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Thanks • Illustrations by ͍΍͢ͱ΍ • http://www.irasutoya.com/ • Thank you so much!!! • All the audiences! Thank you!