2023年もSRE再考と叫びなさい‼️

by nwiizo

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೥݄೔ΤϯδχΞจԽࡇNJO ೥΋ 43&࠶ߟͱڣͼͳ͍͞‼ 43&ͷ੻ΛٻΊͣ43&ͷٻΊͨΔͱ͜ΖΛٻΊΑ

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!OXJJ[P Լ๺୔ࡏॅݽಠಠ਎உੑ ேɺى͖δϜ΁ߦ͖ຊΛಡΜͰ࢓ࣄΛͯ͠ ໷ɺ࠶ͼδϜ΁ߦ͖ຊΛಡΜͰ຾Δ͚ͩ

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ΞδΣϯμ w "CPVUTIBLF ޿ࠂ w %FW0QTͱ͸ w 43&ͱ͸ w ೥43&࠶ߟ

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43&ͬͯΠϯϑϥͷݴ͍׵͑ͬͯίτʂʁ

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%0/

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"CPVUTIBLF

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"CPVUTIBLF

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4SFBLF43&ʢ43&૯߹ࢧԉαʔϏεʣ w 43&ͷߟ͑ํʹैͬͯɺ"84΍(PPHMFΫϥ΢υΛར༻͍ͯ͠Δ͓٬༷αʔϏεͷ   ٕज़ઓུɺઃܭɺߏஙɺӡ༻·ͰΛϫϯετοϓͰࢧԉ͢ΔαʔϏε w ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεɺLTͳͲΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒͳٕज़ྖҬʹڧΈ w ϕϯμʔతͳ໾ׂͰ͸ͳ͘ʮ͓٬༷ͷνʔϜϝϯόʔʯͱ͍͏ཱͪҐஔͰ࠷৽ٕज़ ͷఏҊ͔Β Roadmap SRE ͷ։࢝ ·ͣ͸খ͘͞ɻ ޮՌ͕࠷େݶʹग़Δͱ͜Ζ ͔Βίπίπͱ࢝ΊΑ͏ SRE νʔϜͷఆٛ ૊৫ʹ͋ͬͨ SRE Λఆٛ͠Α͏ SRE࣮ફ SLIɾSLO ͷઃఆ Toil ࡟ݮ (ࣗಈԽਪਐ) SRE ͷൃలͱܧଓ SREͷจԽ͕ਁಁ͢Δ   Error Budget Λݩʹ  ۀ຿Λίϯτϩʔϧ͍ͯ͘͠

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4SFBLF43&ʢ43&૯߹ࢧԉαʔϏεʣ wӡ༻ࢧԉ·ͰΛτʔλϧ͝ࢧԉ w 43&νʔϜ૊੒ɾ43&จԽͷఆணԽɾ43&ٕज़ऀͷ࠾༻ʗҭ੒ίϯ αϧςΟϯά౳΋ରԠ ٕज़ઓུ ίϯαϧςΟϯά ߏங / ࣮૷ ࢧԉ Ξηεϝϯτ ʢύϑΥʔϚϯε / ηΩϡϦςΟʣ ӡ༻ࢧԉ γεςϜ ઃܭ

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DMBTT43&JNQMFNFOUT%FW0QT 43&͸%FW0QTͱ͍͏JOUFSGBDFͷ࣮૷Ͱ͋Δɻ

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%FW0QTͱ͸ʁ

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%FW0QTͱ͸Կ͔ʁ w%FW0QTҎલɺγεςϜͷ։ൃ૊৫ %FW ͱӡ༻૊৫ 0QT ͰରཱɻͦΕͧΕͷνʔϜ͕ຊ࣭తʹ͸ผʑͷ໨ඪ (0"- Λ͍࣋ͬͯ·ͨ͠ɻ൴Βʹ͸ͦΕͧΕͷ໨ඪ͕͋ ΔͷͰͦΕΒ͕͓ޓ͍ʹ૬൓͢Δ͜ͱ΋ଟ͋͘Γ·ͨ͠ Separate teams can lead to conflicting incentives (photo by Dave Roth)

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%FWͱ0QTͰ͸໨ࢦ͢ΰʔϧ͕ҧ͏ w%FWͷ(0"- w ৽͍͠ػೳΛ௥Ճͯ͠Ϗδωεશମͷ ചΓ্͛Λ্͛Δ w ͍ͬͺ͍มߋ͍ͨ͠ w 0QTͷ(0"- w γεςϜͷ҆ఆՔಇΛ࣮ݱ͠ͳ͕ΒϏ δωεͷػձଛࣦΛ๷͙ w มߋ͸ৗʹো֐ͷݪҼʹͳΓ͕ͪͳͷ Ͱආ͚͍ͨ (0"- (0"-

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%FW0QTͱ͸Կ͔ʁ w͔͠͠ɺγεςϜͷෳࡶ͞͸8FCγεςϜͷਐԽͱڞʹ ෳࡶʹͳ͍͖ͬͯɺγεςϜӡ༻ 0QT ʹؔ͢Δٕज़͕γ εςϜͷઃܭɺΞʔΩςΫνϟɺ࣮૷ͳͲͷ։ൃ %FW ͔ Β੾Γ཭͢͜ͱ͕೉͘͠ͳ͖ͬͯ·ͨ͠ɻ

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%FW0QTͱ͸Կ͔ʁ %FW΋0QT΋࠷ऴతͳ໨త͸ಉ͡αʔϏε΍ϏδωεʹؔΘΔશͯͷ ਓ΁ͷߩݙʹΑΔϏδωεͷ੒ޭͱརӹͷ֦େɻ%FW0QTͱ͸ɺγε ςϜͷ%FWͱ0QTͰରཱ͋͠͏ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ͓ޓ͍ʹڠௐ͠ͳ͕ΒϏ δωεͷ໨తΛୡ੒͢ΔͨΊͷߟ͑ํɺ૊৫తͳจԽ

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%FW0QTͷྺ࢙ w ΞδϟΠϧӡ༻ͱΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟʔ   ͋ͳͨ͸ͲΕ͚ͩΠϯϑϥδϟΠϧʁ w ΞδϟΠϧͳΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟʹ͍ͭͯͷߨԋ w ӡ༻ͱ։ൃͷ࢓ࣄΛಉ࣌ʹߦ͏ͱ   ίϯςΩετεΠονͷΦʔόʔϔουͷίετͷҝ ʹˋݮগ͢Δ w ൴͸͜ͷίϯςΩετεΠονͷҝʹ   ݈߁ΛଛͶͨɻ http://www.jedi.be/presentations/IEEE-Agile-Infrastructure.pdf

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%FW0QTͷྺ࢙ w ೔ճҎ্ͷσϓϩΠ   'MJDLSʹ͓͚Δ%FWͱ0QTͷڠ ྗ w ຊ֨తʹ%FW0QTʹ͍ͭͯޠΒΕΔΑ͏ ʹͳͬͨͷ͸ࣸਅڞ༗αʔϏεͷ'MJDLS ͕7FMPDJUZͱ͍͏ΠϕϯτҎ߱ w ެԋͰ͸ͲͷΑ͏ͳ࢓૊Έ΍จԽʹΑͬ ͯ೔ʹճҎ্ͷσϓϩΠ͕Մೳ͔ʁ   ͦΕΒ͕ੜ·ΕͨഎܠͱڞʹޠΒΕ͍ͯ ·͢ɻ https://www.slideshare.net/jallspaw/10-deploys-per-day-dev-and-ops-cooperation-at-flickr

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%FW0QTͷྺ࢙ w%FW0QT3FTFBSDIBOE"DDFMFSBUF %03" w ຖ೥ੈքத͔Βɺιϑτ΢ΣΞɾσϦόϦʔ΍ΦϖϨʔγϣϯ΍૊৫ͷύ ϑΥʔϚϯεͷσʔλΛूΊͯ౷ܭతख๏Λ༻͍ͯ෼ੳ͠ɺ·ͱΊͨϨϙ ʔτͰ͢ɻ w4UBUFPG%FW0QT3FQPSU w ਺ࣈͰݟΔ w ো֐ճ w ো֐෮چ࣌ؒ w ϦʔυλΠϜ࣌ؒ w σϓϩΠഒ w %FW0QTΛ࣮ફ͍ͯ͠Δاۀ͸ͦ͏Ͱͳ͍اۀʹൺ΂ͯύϑΥʔϚϯε͕ ߴ͍ɻ*5Ϛωʔδϟʔ͕ॏཁͰ͋Δɻ w ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷߴ͍%FW0QT૊৫ͷํ͕සൟʹίʔυΛσϓϩΠ͠ɺΤ ϥʔ͕গͳ͘ɺΤϥʔ͔Βͷճ෮΋ૣ͘ɺ   ࣾһ͕ؾ࣋ͪΑ͘࢓ࣄΛ͍ͯ͠Δ IUUQTXXXQVQQFUDPNSFTPVSDFTIJTUPSZPGEFWPQTSFQPSUT

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%FW0QTͱ͸Կ͔ʁ w4UBUFPG%FW0QT3FQPSU w ج൫ͷߏங͔ΒηϧϑαʔϏεػೳͷఏڙ·Ͱɺ %FW0QTͷͲͷஈ֊ʹ͍ΔͷͰ͠ΐ͏͔ɻ w ͲͷΑ͏ʹͯ࣍͠ͷஈ֊ʹૣͦͯ͘͠ΑΓޮՌతʹ ਐΉ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔ w %FW0QTͷਐԽͷ࠷ߴϨϕϧΛୡ੒͢ΔͨΊʹ͸Ͳ ͷϓϥΫςΟε͕ϛογϣϯΫϦςΟΧϧͰ͢ w #VJMEUIFGPVOEBUJPO͸ͦΕҎલͷ࿩ ςΫϊϩδʔελοΫͷඪ४Խ ඪ४Խͱ͹Β͖ͭͷ௿ݮ %FW0QTϓϥΫςΟεͷ֦େ ΠϯϑϥσϦόϦʔͷࣗಈԽ ηϧϑαʔϏεػೳͷఏڙ IUUQTXXXQVQQFUDPNSFTPVSDFTIJTUPSZPGEFWPQTSFQPSUT

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%FW0QTͱ͸Կ͔ʁ w4UBUFPG%FW0QT3FQPSU w %FW4FD0QTʹ͍ͭͯ w ηΩϡϦςΟମ੍Λվળ͢ΔͨΊʹ%FW0QT͸ͲͷΑ͏ʹมԽͰ͖Δͷ͔ʁ w4UBUFPG%FW0QT3FQPSU w 1MBUGPSN&OHJOFFSJOHͱ%FW0QTͷ࿩ w Ϋϥ΢υͷ׆༻ʹ͍ͭͯ w ঝೝϓϩηεɺࣗಈԽ͞ΕͨςετͱࣗಈԽ͞ΕͨσϓϩΠϝϯτɺϦεΫ ܰݮٕज़ʹجͮ͘มߋ؅ཧͷͭͷΞϓϩʔν w4UBUFPG%FW0QT3FQPSU w 43&࣮ફ΁ͷಓ ϘτϜΞοϓͱτοϓμ΢ϯ w ҆શͳιϑτ΢ΣΞͷҝͷαϓϥΠνΣʔϯʹؔ͢Δݴٴ w υΩϡϝϯτʹؔ͢Δݴٴ w ೩͑ਚ͖঱ީ܈ͳͲʹؔ͢Δݴٴ 43&ͷ୳ٻͰ΋ࣅͨΑ͏ͳষ͕͋Δ IUUQTXXXQVQQFUDPNSFTPVSDFTIJTUPSZPGEFWPQTSFQPSUT

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%FW0QTΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͘͠ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT

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%FW0QTΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͘͠ ίϥϘϨʔγϣϯ w ෳ਺ਓͰର࿩ͨ͠Γɺڭ͑͋ͬͨΓ͢Δ͜ͱΛେࣄʹ͠ͳ͕Βಛఆͷ݁ Ռʹ޲͔ͬͯ΋ͷΛ࡞͍ͬͯ͘ϓϩηε ΞϑΟχςΟ w νʔϜؒͷؔ܎Λߏங͠ɺ૊৫ͷڞ௨໨ඪΛ೦಄ʹஔ͍ͯݸʑͷνʔϜ ໨ඪͷҧ͍Λ৐Γӽ͑ɺڞײΛҭͯɺଞͷνʔϜͷਓ͔ͨͪΒ΋ֶश͢ Δϓϩηε πʔϧ w πʔϧ͸্هೋͭͷՃ଎૷ஔͰ͋ΔɻݱࡏͷจԽͱ޲͖߹͏ઌΛ౿·͑ ͯมԽΛਪ͠ਐΊΔɻπʔϧͷબ୒͸طଘͷ؀ڥʹͲͷΑ͏ͳมԽΛ͋ ͨ͑Δͷ͔ཧղͤͶ͹ͳΒͣ؆୯ͳ࢓ࣄͰ͸ͳ͍ εέʔϦϯά w ૊৫͕ϥΠϑαΠΫϧશମͰಋೖ͠ͳ͚Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍ϓϩηεΛ࣠ʹॏ ఺Λஔ͍͍ͯΔɻ૊৫ͷ੒௕ɺจԽ΍੒ख़౓ɼॖখʹ͋ΘͤͯଞͷபΛ Ͳ͏ద༻͢Ε͹Α͍͔΋ߟ͑Δɻ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT

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%FW0QTΛ࣮૷͍ͯ͘͠ จԽ w ଚܟ w ৴པ w ࣦഊʹର͢Δ݈શͳଶ౓ w ඇ೉Λආ͚Δ https://www.slideshare.net/jallspaw/10-deploys-per-day-dev-and-ops-cooperation-at-flickr ͭͷཁૉ͕ॏཁ πʔϧ w ࣗಈԽ͞ΕͨΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟ w ڞ༗Խ͞Εͨόʔδϣϯ؅ཧ w ̍खॱͰͷϏϧυͱσϓϩΠ w ػೳϑϥά w ϝτϦοΫͷڞ༗Խ w *3$ͱ*.Ϙοτ

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43&ͱ͸ʁ

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43&ͱ͸ͳʹ͔ʁ w43&ͱ͸ɺΑ͋͘Δޡղ w 43&ΠϯϑϥͰݺͼ໊͕͔ΘͬͨΜͰ͢ΑͶʁ w43&ͱ͍͏୯ޠ͔Β͘Δظ଴ w Մ༻ੑ৴པੑ$6+ϙετϞʔςϜτΠϧ   4-*4-04-"ΤϥʔόδΣοτύʔηϯλΠϧͳͲ ͷ43&ຊʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δ֓೦Λӡ༻ʹಋೖ͢ΔΜͰ͢Α w Ϗδωεঢ়گΛఆٛ4-*Λఆٛ$6+Λఆٛ4-*߲໨ɾ ࣮૷Λܾఆ4-0Λܾఆɺ4-0؂ࢹͷ࣮૷ɺ4-"Λܾ ఆαʔϏεϨϕϧͷܾఆͳͲΛಋೖ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͋Δ 43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά͕zβοΫϦzʮ͖ͬ͢Γʯ෼͔Δຊ   (PPHMF͕࣮ફ͍ͯ͠Δ৽%FW0QTํ๏࿦ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ##;#: 43&㲈ΠϯϑϥͱݴͬͯΔਓʹ   ΦεεϝͰ͖Δॻ੶

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43&ຊ͔Βͷൈਮ ͸͡ΊʹΑΓ (PPHMF43&ͷ૑࢝ऀͰ͋Δ#FOKBNJO5SFZOPS4MPTTࢯ͸ɺ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT 43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά೥ z৴པੑ͕ͦ͋͜ΒΏΔϓϩμΫτͷجຊతͳػೳͩͱߟ ͍͑ͯ·͢ɻ୭΋࢖͑ͳ͍γεςϜ͸ɺ༗ӹͳ΋ͷͰ͸͋ Γ͑·ͤΜɻ   খ͞ͳ૊৫ʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɺຊॻͰ঺հ͞Ε͍ͯΔΑ͏ͳܦݧ Λ࠷େݶʹ׆༻͢΂͖͔ٙ໰ʹײ͡Δ޲͖΋͋ΔͰ͠ΐ ͏ɻ͔͠͠ηΩϡϦςΟͷ৔߹ͱಉ༷ʹɺ৴པੑʹ͍ͭͯ ΋ߟྀ͢Δͷ͸ૣ͚Ε͹ૣ͍΄Ͳྑ͍ͷͰ͢z

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৴པੑΛ੍ޚ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ w43&ͱ͸ɺ૊৫͕৴པੑΛ੍ޚ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ w αʔϏεΛՔಇͤ͞Δ͜ͱɺͦͯ͠ɺ࠷ऴతʹ͸αʔϏε ͷ৴པੑʹ૊৫੍͕ޚͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ ͷαʔϏεͱ͸ɺؔ࿈͢ΔҰ࿈ͷγεςϜ܈Ͱ͋ΓɺϢʔ βʔମݧͷͨΊʹӡ༻͞ΕΔ΋ͷͰ͢ɻͦΕΒʹ͸ٕज़΍ ૊৫Ͱͷ͞·͟·ͳ׆ಈʹ͍ͭͯΛࢦ͢ 43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά   ਤ***αʔϏεͷ৴པੑͷ֊૚ΑΓ 43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά೥ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT

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৴པੑͷ֊૚Λங͘ wࠓ͍Δ৔ॴ͔Β͸͡ΊΔ͜ͱ͕େࣄ w ৴པੑΛܭըతʹߏங͢Δʹ͸ɺ৴པੑ֊૚Λߏங͢ ΔඞཁͰ͢ɻ৴པੑΛଌఆ͢Δख๏ͱͯ͠ͷϞχλϦ ϯά͕͋Γ·͢ɻ w ৴པੑΛߴΊ͍ͨ৔߹ʹ͸ϞχλϦϯά͔Β͸͡Ίͯ ৴པੑͷ֊૚Λ্͕͍ͬͯ͘Α͏ͳ׆ಈΛਪ঑͞Εͯ ͍Δ 43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά   ਤ***αʔϏεͷ৴པੑͷ֊૚ΑΓ γεςϜ΋ਓ΋ܭଌ͕େࣄ

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޿͕Γਂ·ΓٻΊΔ43& w43&͸ະͩʹ޿͕Γଓ͚ΔۜՏ w z43&ͷ୳ٻzͰ͸֤ʑͷاۀͰ43&ʹऔΓ૊Ήݱ৔ͷ ੠΍࣮ફྫΛ঺հ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ w 43&ͱ͍͏ݴ༿͕࣋ͭߟ͑ํ΍֓೦Λਖ਼֬ʹཧղͯ͠ ࣮ફ͢ΔΑΓ΋ιϑτ΢ΣΞΤϯδχΞϦϯάΛ༻͍ ͯαʔϏεӡ༻Λ࠶ఆٛͯͦ͠ΕΛ૊৫తʹࢧԉ͢Δ ͜ͱ΋େ੾Ͱ͢Αͱ͍͏Α͏ͳॻ੶ w ʮސ٬ʯʹରͯ͠৴པੑΛอͭ$3&ͷ஀ੜͳͲ΋͋Δ SREͷ୳ٻ  https://www.oreilly.co.jp/books/9784873119618/ <'VLVPLB>3BLVUFO5FDIOPMPHZ$POGFSFODF͋ͳͨΒ͘͠43&   IUUQTSBLVUFOUFDIGVLVPLBDPOOQBTTDPNFWFOU SREʹऔΓ૊Ή͢΂ͯͷਓʹͱͬͯߟ͑ͨΓֶͿػձͱͳΔΑ͏ͳ  ࣔࠦʹ෋Μͩ಺༰ͱͳ͍ͬͯΔͷͰΦεεϝͰ͢

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޿͕Γਂ·ΓٻΊΔ43& w͋ͳͨΒ͘͠43& ಉ྅ͷࢿྉ͔ΒҾ༻ SREͷ୳ٻ  https://www.oreilly.co.jp/books/9784873119618/ <'VLVPLB>3BLVUFO5FDIOPMPHZ$POGFSFODF͋ͳͨΒ͘͠43&   IUUQTSBLVUFOUFDIGVLVPLBDPOOQBTTDPNFWFOU SREʹऔΓ૊Ή͢΂ͯͷਓʹͱͬͯߟ͑ͨΓֶͿػձͱͳΔΑ͏ͳ  ࣔࠦʹ෋Μͩ಺༰ͱͳ͍ͬͯΔͷͰΦεεϝͰ͢ z(PPHMFͷͱ͋Διϑτ΢ΣΞΤϯδχΞ͕γεςϜӡ༻Λ೚͞Ε ͯɺ௕͍࣌ؒΛ͔͚ͯཧ૝Λܗʹͨ݁͠Ռ͕43&Ͱ͢ɻݱࡏαʔϏ εΛӡ༻͢Δ্Ͱ࠷దͩͱݴΘΕΔํ๏࿦ͷҰͭͱͯ͠43&͕͋Γ 43&ͷຊͷঢ়ଶΛ໨ࢦ͢͜ͱ͕͋ͳͨͷΰʔϧͰ͸ͳ͍Ͱ͢ɻ 43&ͷϓϥΫςΟεΛࣗ෼ͨͪͳΓʹղऍͯ͠૊৫΍αʔϏεͱ޲ ͖߹͍ଓ͚ͯɺ஥ؒΛूΊͨઌʹɺ͋ͳͨʢͷ૊৫ʣΒ͍͠43&͕ ੜ·ΕΔͷͰ͢ɻz

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೥43&࠶ߟ

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೥43&࠶ߟ w ৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖ΔͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹͨ͘͠ͳΔ w ৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖Δͱมߋ଎౓Λཱ྆ͨ͘͠ͳΔ w ৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖Δͱະ஌ͷ΋ͷΛݟ͚ͭͨ͘ͳΔ

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৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖Δͱ   ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹͨ͘͠ͳΔ

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Ձ஋ͷͳ͍൵͍͠γεςϜ w৴པੑ͸࠷΋ॏཁͳػೳ w ࠷ॳ͸Ϣʔβʔ΋গͳ͘γεςϜ΋   ҆ఆͤͣՁ஋ΛੜΈग़ͤͳ͍ w γεςϜͷ৴པੑ͕௿͚Ε͹ɺ   Ϣʔβʔ͸ͦΕΛ৴༻͞Εͳ͍ w ৴༻͞Εͳ͍΋ͷ͸   બ୒Ͱ͖Δ༨஍͕͋Ε͹࢖ΘΕͳ͍ w γεςϜʹϢʔβʔ͕͍ͳ͚Ε͹   Ձ஋͕ͳ͍ͷͰ౤ࢿ͞Εͳ͍ Ϣʔβʔ IUUQTCPPLQMVTOJLLFJDPNBUDMDBUBMPH ωοτϫʔΫɾΤϑΣΫτ ࣄۀͱϓϩμΫτʹ͔ܽͤͳ͍ڧྗͰॏཁͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ

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ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹͨ͘͠ͳΔ IUUQTCPPLQMVTOJLLFJDPNBUDMDBUBMPH ωοτϫʔΫɾΤϑΣΫτ ࣄۀͱϓϩμΫτʹ͔ܽͤͳ͍ڧྗͰॏཁͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ 1MBUGPSN&OHJOFFSJOHʹؔͯ͠͸ఆ͕ٛ౷Ұ͞Ε͓ͯΒͣɺ   ਓʹΑͬͯඍົʹදݱ͕มΘΔͱ͍͏ঢ়ଶͰ͢ɻ Ϣʔβʔ wॏཁͳ΋ͷ͸͍͔ͭϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹ w γεςϜΛͨ͘͞ΜͷϢʔβʔ͕ར༻͍ͯ͠Δ৔߹ʹ͸୭͔ ͕γεςϜʹՁ஋͕ੜ·Ε·͢ɻ w ͍ͣΕ͸"1*Λ௥Ճͯ͠ɺϢʔβʔͷҰ෦͕ଞͷʮγες ϜʯʹͳͬͨΒɺͦΕ͸ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜΛಈ࡞͍ͤͯ͞Δ ͷͰ͋Γɺঢ়گ͸มԽ͠·͢ w ϓϩμΫτ͕ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͱͯ͠ಈ࡞͢ΔͳΒɺϢʔβ ʔ͕ମݧ͢Δ৴པੑ͸͋ͳ͕ͨߦ͏બ୒͚ͩͰܾ·ΔΘ͚ Ͱ͸ͳ͘ͳΓ·͢ɻ৴པੑ͸ύʔτφʔγοϓʹͳΓ·͢ w ͋ͳͨͷγεςϜ͕ଟ਺ͷϢʔβʔ΁ͷήʔτ΢ΣΠʹͳΕ ͹ɺެࣜͰ͋ΕඇެࣜͰ͋Ε݁Ռͱͯ͠ଟ͘ͷՁ஋ΛੜΈग़ ͢͜ͱʹͳ͍͖ͬͯ·͢ ࠷ॳ͔ΒϓϥοτϑΥʔϜΛݟਾ͑Ζ ύʔτφʔγοϓ

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৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖Δͱ มߋ଎౓Λཱ྆ͨ͘͠ͳΔ

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৴པੑ͕ඞཁʹୡ͢Δͱ ػೳ௥ՃΛͨ͘͠ͳΔ

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མͱͤͳ͍αʔϏε͕͜͜ʹ͸͋Δ ೥ؒ෼ඵ ೥ؒ࣌ؒ෼ w%FWͷ(0"- w ৽͍͠ػೳΛ௥Ճͯ͠ϏδωεશମͷചΓ্͛Λ ্͛Δ w ͍ͬͺ͍มߋ͍ͨ͠ w0QTͷ(0"- w γεςϜͷ҆ఆՔಇΛ࣮ݱ͠ͳ͕ΒϏδωεͷػ ձଛࣦΛ๷͙ w มߋ͸ৗʹো֐ͷݪҼʹͳΓ͕ͪͳͷͰආ͚͍ͨ མͱͤͳ͍αʔϏε   අ༻େӡ༻ίετେ ৼΓฦΓ ো֐ͷओͳݪҼ͸ώϡʔϚϯΤϥʔͰ͋Δ͜ͱΛߟ͑Δͱ   ໨ઌͷ৴པੑΛͱΓ͋͑ͣ޲্͚ͤͨ͞Ε͹   γεςϜʹมߋΛՃ͑ͳ͍΄͏͕Α͍͜ͱʹͳΔ

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͋͑ͯɺ৴པੑΛམͱ͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ 43&ͱ͸ɺ   γεςϜͷ৴པੑΛ੍ޚ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ มߋ଎౓ͷҝʹ৴པੑΛ ্͛ͨΓɺҡ࣋ͨ͠ΓɺԼ͛ͨΓͰ͖Δ ೥ؒ෼ඵ ೥ؒ࣌ؒ෼ Ϣʔβʔ େଟ਺ͷϢʔβʔ͸   ମݧͱͯࠩ͠Λײ͡ΒΕͳ͍ ҉໧తͳˋ   γεςϜมߋʹର͢ΔڪΕΛݮΒ͢

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มߋ଎౓ͷܭଌͱ޻ֶʹ͍ͭͯ w'PVS,FZTͷಋೖΛݕ౼ͯ͠ΈΔ w %03"͕ఏএ͢ΔσϦόϦʔύϑΥʔϚϯεΛࣔͭ͢ͷࢦඪ w มߋͷϦʔυλΠϜ w σϓϩΠස౓ w มߋࣦഊ཰ w ฏۉम෮࣌ؒ w࣮ݧओٛతͰ͋Δ͜ͱ࣮ݧओٛతʹͳΔͨΊʹ৴པੑΛ͋͑ͯԼ͛Δ͜ͱ w ࣮ࡍతͳ໰୊ʹର͢Δޮ཰తͳղΛݟ͚ͭΔͨΊͷܦݧతɺՊֶతͳΞϓϩʔνͷԠ༻ w ϑΟʔυόοΫ w ϑΟʔυόοΫΛਅ݋ʹߟ͑Δ͜ͱ͕ඞཁͰ͢ɻ w Ծઆ w ධՁ͠Α͏ͱࢥ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱΛ಄ͷதͰ͸͖ͬΓͤ͞Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ w ܭଌ w ݕূ͠Α͏ͱ͍ͯ͠ΔԾઆͷதͷ༧ଌͷ෦෼ΛͲ͏ධՁ͢Δ͔Λ͸͖ͬΓͤ͞Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ w ม਺ͷ؅ཧ w ݕূ݁Ռ͕ૹͬͯ͘ΔγάφϧΛཧղͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢ΔͨΊʹɺม਺͸Ͱ͖ΔݶΓݮΒ͢ඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ ܧଓతσϦόϦʔͷιϑτ΢ΣΞ޻ֶ ΋ͬͱૣ͘ɺ΋ͬͱྑ͍ιϑτ΢ΣΞΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷൿ݃ -FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶ<"DDFMFSBUF> ςΫϊϩδʔͷઓུత׆༻͕૊৫มֵΛՃ଎͢Δ

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৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖Δͱ ະ஌ͷ΋ͷΛݟ͚ͭͨ͘ͳΔ

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ػೳ௥Ճ΍৴པੑͷ୲อʹΑΓ   γεςϜͷෳࡶ͕͞ߴ·Γ ͍ͣΕ೺ѲͰ͖ͳ͘ͳΔ

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ط஌ͷະ஌ ,OPXVOLOPX ʹରԠ͢Δ wϞχλϦϯάͷ৔߹ w جຊతͳ-JOVYͷ؂ࢹ w ֤छϛυϧ΢ΣΞͷ؂ࢹ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ؂ࢹ .Z42- "QBDIF 1)11FSM -# ετϨʔδ ֤छᮢ஋͸Ͳ͏Ͱ͔͢ʁ ໨ࢦ͢ͷ͸ؤڧʢ3PCVTUʣͳγεςϜ &3303ͳͲग़ͯͳ͍͔ ൓੬ऑੑ<্>ʕʕෆ࣮֬ͳੈքΛੜ͖ԆͼΔ།Ұͷߟ͑ํ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ͦͷଞɺ༷ʑͳ؂ࢹʹؔ͢Δ ͔͠͠ɺγεςϜΛཧղ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ޮՌ͕ͳ͍ ຊ౰ͷ৴པੑ͸Ϣʔβʔ͕ܾΊΔ͕࢓ํͳ͍

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෼ࢄγεςϜͷΠϯγσϯτ͸ϒϥοΫεϫϯ w൓੬ऑੑͷߟ͑ํ w ϒϥοΫεϫϯΛ༧૝͢Δ͜ͱ͸ແཧ w ੬͞ 'SBHJMF ͸͔ͳΓͷͱ͜Ζ·ͰଌఆͰ ͖Δ͕ɺͦΕΒ͕࣋ͭϦεΫ͸ଌఆͰ͖ͳ͍ w ଱ٱྗͷ͋Δ΋ͷ͸িܸʹ଱͑Δ͕ɺ   ൓੬ऑ͸িܸΛྐʹ͢Δ w ࣦഊ͸ֶशΛଅ͠ɺ૑଄ੑΛߴΊΔ ൓੬ऑੑ<্>ʕʕෆ࣮֬ͳੈքΛੜ͖ԆͼΔ།Ұͷߟ͑ํ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ϒϥοΫɾεϫϯ<্>ʕෆ࣮֬ੑͱϦεΫͷຊ࣭ΑΓ

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ະ஌ͷະ஌ VOLOPXVOLOPX ʹରԠ͢Δ w൓੬ऑੑͷߟ͑ํΛγεςϜʹ w ෼ࢄγεςϜͷো֐Λ༧૝͢Δ͜ͱ͸ແཧ w γεςϜ୯ମͷ੬͞ 'SBHJMF ͸͔ͳΓͷͱ͜ Ζ·ͰଌఆͰ͖Δ͕ɺͦΕΒ͕࣋ͭϦεΫ͸ ଌఆͰ͖ͳ͍ w ଱ٱྗͷ͋Δ΋ͷ͸িܸʹ଱͑Δ͕ɺ   ൓੬ऑ͸িܸΛྐʹ͢Δ w ো֐͸ֶशΛଅ͠ɺ૑଄ੑΛߴΊΔ ൓੬ऑੑ<্>ʕʕෆ࣮֬ͳੈքΛੜ͖ԆͼΔ།Ұͷߟ͑ํ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ "MFSUൃՐ🔥 ࣮ࡍͷݪҼ͸1JDUVSFT 5JNFMJOFͰ ✗ ͳʹ΋͠ͳ͍͚ͲյΕͨ   ͳʹ΋͠ͳ͍͚Ͳ࣏ͬͨ ໨ࢦ͢ͷ͸൓੬ऑͳγεςϜ

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε࣌୅ͷσόοά w ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͰͷ4USBDF w αʔϏε͕ҰͭͷαʔόʔͰಈ͍͍ͯͨͷ΋ࠓ͸ੲɻϚΠΫ ϩαʔϏεͰ͸ͳ͍ʹͯ͠΋ԿΒ͔ͷ֎෦αʔϏεΛར༻͠ ͍ͯΔ͸ͣʜ w τϨʔγϯάΛ͸͡Ίͱͨ͠Մ؍ଌੑ͕ॏཁ w αʔϏεΛԣஅ͢ΔϦΫΤετͷ௥੻ w ୯Ұతͳ஌ࣝͷΈͰ͸τϥϒϧγϡʔςΟϯάͰ͖ͳ͘ͳΓ ͭͭ͋Δɻ w ຊ౰ʹਂ͍໰୊ͷ࣌ʹ͸ඞཁʹͳΔɻ͜ΕΒ͸͙͢ʹ਎ʹͭ ͚Δํ๏͕ͳ͍ ຊ෺ͷٕܳ ✗ "MFSUൃՐ🔥 ࣮ࡍͷݪҼ͸1JDUVSFT 5JNFMJOFͰ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT ෳࡶͳγεςϜͷ৴པੑΛ੍ޚ͠ଓ͚Δʹ͸   ະ஌ͷ໰୊ʹ΋ରԠ͢Δඞཁ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ

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ߏ଄ԽΠϕϯτΛܨ͗߹ΘͤΔτϨʔεʹ͍ͭͯ wγεςϜʹΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟ͕͋Δ͔ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ಺෦ߏ଄Λཧղ͢Δ w ࠓ·Ͱݟͨ͜ͱͷͳ͍ɺ༧ଌͰ͖ͳ͍͜ͱ͕ىͬͨ͜ͱ͠ ͯ΋ɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ͲͷΑ͏ͳγεςϜঢ়ଶʹؕͬ ͍ͯΔ͔Λཧղ͢Δ w ֎෦πʔϧΛ࢖ͬͯ؍ଌ͠ɺௐࠪ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺ   ಺෦ಈ࡞ͱγεςϜঢ়ଶΛཧղ͢Δ w ৽ͨʹίʔυΛվम͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ɺ಺෦ঢ়ଶΛཧղ͢Δ ΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟɾΤϯδχΞϦϯάୈҰষΑΓ IUUQTPQFOUFMFNFUSZJPEPDTDPODFQUTPCTFSWBCJMJUZQSJNFSɹΑΓ ͭͷ࣭໰ʹ౴͑Δ͚ͩͰ

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·ͱΊ w%FW0QTͷྺ࢙ͱ࣮૷ w%FW0QTͱ͍͏JOUFSGBDFͷ࣮૷Ͱ͋Δ43&ʹ͍ͭͯɻ w৴པੑ͕֬อͰ͖Δͱͨ͘͠ͳΔ͜ͱ w ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹͨ͘͠ͳΔ w มߋ଎౓Λཱ྆ͨ͘͠ͳΔ w ະ஌ͷ΋ͷΛݟ͚ͭͨ͘ͳΔ

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ࢀߟࢿྉ w43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά͕zβοΫϦzʮ͖ͬ͢Γʯ෼͔Δຊ(PPHMF͕࣮ફ͍ͯ͠Δ৽%FW0QTํ๏࿦ w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ##;#: w43&αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά w IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT wαΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟϫʔΫϒοΫ w IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT w8IBUTUIF%J ff FSFODF#FUXFFO%FW0QTBOE43& w IUUQTZPVUVCFV5&-'G;WL w4PMWJOH3FMJBCJMJUZ'FBSTXJUI4JUF3FMJBCJMJUZ&OHJOFFSJOH w IUUQTZPVUVCF;D;U6@5J'&. w3FMJBCJMJUZ8IFO&WFSZUIJOH*TB1MBUGPSN8IZ:PV/FFEUP43&:PVS$VTUPNFST w IUUQTXXXVTFOJYPSHDPOGFSFODFTSFDPOBNFSJDBTQSPHSBNQSFTFOUBUJPOSFOTJO w5IF)JTUPSZPG%FW0QT3FQPSUT w IUUQTXXXQVQQFUDPNSFTPVSDFTIJTUPSZPGEFWPQTSFQPSUT w& ff FDUJWF%FW0QT w IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT

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ࢀߟࢿྉ wωοτϫʔΫɾΤϑΣΫτࣄۀͱϓϩμΫτʹ͔ܽͤͳ͍ڧྗͰॏཁͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ##-)#)2 w-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶ<"DDFMFSBUF>ςΫϊϩδʔͷઓུత׆༻͕૊৫มֵΛՃ଎͢Δ w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ wܧଓతσϦόϦʔͷιϑτ΢ΣΞ޻ֶ΋ͬͱૣ͘ɺ΋ͬͱྑ͍ιϑτ΢ΣΞΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷൿ݃ w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ wΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟɾΤϯδχΞϦϯά w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ w8FCΤϯδχΞͷͨΊͷ؂ࢹγεςϜ࣮૷ΨΠυ w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ##(,3$- w൓੬ऑੑ<্>ʕʕෆ࣮֬ͳੈքΛੜ͖ԆͼΔ།Ұͷߟ͑ํ w IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ w೥൛0QFO5FMFNFUSZΛ஌Ε͹ੈք͕ฏ࿨ʹ w IUUQTTZVNIBUFOBCMPHDPNFOUSZ