リアルタイムデータベース Cloud Firestore入門

by Tetsuya Negishi

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ϦΞϧλΠϜσʔλϕʔε  Cloud Firestoreೖ໳ αϙʔλʔζColabษڧձ ࠜ؛ప໵

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ࣗݾ঺հ • ࠜ؛ప໵ @wkurokishiw • ϥϯαʔζגࣜձࣾ • ओʹϑϩϯτ·ΘΓ୲౰ • ஜ೾େֶେֶӃ18ଔ • ਺஋ղੳ • ֎ࠃਓ؍ޫ޲͚ΞϓϦ։ൃ • WebϑϩϯτΤϯυڧΊ • Vue.js, Vuex, React, Redux

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Ϋϥ΢υιʔγϯά Lancers

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Ϋϥ΢υιʔγϯά Lancers

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͸͡Ίʹ • ର৅ऀ • FirestoreͰͲΜͳ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍ • FirebaseΛ࢖ͬͯΔ͚ͲFirestore͸࢖ͬͯͳ͍ • ΰʔϧ • FirestoreͰͲΜͳ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔ཧղ • εϥΠυ΍αϯϓϧΞϓϦͷίʔυΛಡΊ͹࢖͑Δ • ࠓ೔࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ • ύϑΥʔϚϯε/଎౓

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ΞδΣϯμ • Cloud Firestoreͱ͸ • ηΩϡϦςΟϧʔϧ • έʔεελσΟɿ  ෳ਺෦԰νϟοτΞϓϦͷDBɾϧʔϧઃܭ • Realtime Databaseͱͷൺֱ • ·ͱΊ

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Cloud Firestoreͱ͸

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Cloud Firestoreͱ͸ • Firebase͕ఏڙ͢ΔNoSQLσʔλϕʔε

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Cloud Firestoreͱ͸ • Firebase͕ఏڙ͢ΔNoSQLσʔλϕʔε

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Cloud Firestoreͱ͸ • Firebase͕ఏڙ͢ΔNoSQLσʔλϕʔε

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Firestoreͷಛ௃ • JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ • ϦΞϧλΠϜʹσʔλΛอଘɾಉظ • αʔόϨε • ଞͷFirebaseαʔϏεͱڧྗͳ࿈ܞ

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ • εΩʔϚϨε • ίϨΫγϣϯ/υΩϡϝϯτ • ίϨΫγϣϯ:  υΩϡϝϯτΛ·ͱΊͨ΋ͷ • υΩϡϝϯτ:  σʔλΛอ࣋͢Δ΋ͷ

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ ίϨΫγϣϯ υΩϡϝϯτ

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ υΩϡϝϯτ ίϨΫγϣϯ (αϒίϨΫγϣϯ)

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ • ಡΈऔΓ͸ίϨΫγϣ ϯ/υΩϡϝϯτ୯Ґ • Լ૚ͷαϒίϨΫγϣ ϯ·ͰҰ౓ʹऔΔ͜ ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ • શσʔλΛऔಘ 1. countriesίϨΫγϣ ϯͷσʔλΛऔಘ

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JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜ • શσʔλΛऔಘ 1. countriesίϨΫγϣ ϯͷσʔλΛऔಘ 2. υΩϡϝϯτͦΕͧ Εʹରͯ͠citiesί ϨΫγϣϯͷσʔλ Λऔಘ

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ϦΞϧλΠϜʹσʔλΛอଘɾಉظ add( {name: UK} )

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ϦΞϧλΠϜʹσʔλΛอଘɾಉظ add( {name: UK} ) {name: UK} Λ௥Ճ

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{name: UK} Λ௥Ճ ϦΞϧλΠϜʹσʔλΛอଘɾಉظ add( {name: UK} ) event:add  {name: UK} event:add  {name: UK}

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αʔόϨε • αʔό؅ཧෆཁ • ߴՄ༻ੑ/ߴεέʔϥϏϦςΟ • ΫϥΠΞϯτίʔυͷΈͰ׬݁

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ଞͷFirebaseαʔϏεͱڧྗͳ࿈ܞ • Firebase Authentication • Ϣʔβೝূػೳ(ϝʔϧ, Google, Facebook, etc..) • ೝূͨ͠Ϣʔβͷݖݶઃఆ • Cloud Functions • JavaScriptͷؔ਺ΛΫϥ΢υ্Ͱ࣮ߦ • Firestoreͷॻ͖ࠐΈ΍HTTPϦΫΤετΛ  τϦΨʔʹ࣮ͯ͠ߦ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ

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ηΩϡϦςΟϧʔϧ

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ϧʔϧ • ಡΈऔΓ΍ॻ͖ࠐΈͷݖݶΛઃఆ͢Δػೳ • Firebase Authenticationͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ͜ͱ͕Մೳ • ೝূػೳ • Google, Facebook, TwitterͳͲ • ࡉ͔ͳόϦσʔγϣϯ • จࣈ਺੍ݶ • εΩʔϚఆٛ

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ϧʔϧ • REST API or Firebaseͷίϯιʔϧ͔Βઃఆ

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͢΂ͯͷಡΈऔΓɾॻ͖ࠐΈ͸ೝূඞਢ

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͢΂ͯͷಡΈऔΓɾॻ͖ࠐΈ͸ೝূඞਢ ͓·͡ͳ͍

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͢΂ͯͷಡΈऔΓɾॻ͖ࠐΈ͸ೝূඞਢ πϦʔͷ  rootΛࣔ͢

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͢΂ͯͷಡΈऔΓɾॻ͖ࠐΈ͸ೝূඞਢ ೝূͨ͠ΒಡΈऔΓɾ ॻ͖ࠐΈΛڐՄ

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εΩʔϚఆٛ

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εΩʔϚఆٛ nameͷཁૉ͕ඞਢ

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έʔεελσΟɿ ෳ਺෦԰νϟοτΞϓϦͷ  DBɾϧʔϧઃܭ

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σϞ https://github.com/TetsuyaNegishi/simple-chat

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DBઃܭ • rooms͕ෳ਺ • Ұͭͷroomʹରͯ͠comment͕ෳ਺ • ίϝϯτʹ͸Ϣʔβͷ৘ใΛ΋ͨͤΔ

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DBઃܭ - ৑௕Խܕ rooms: { // collection roomId: { // document name: comments: { // collection commentId: { //document comment: user: { name:, id: } } } } }

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DBઃܭ - ৑௕Խܕ • user৘ใ͸৑௕Խ͢Δ • ϝϦοτ • ॻ͖ࠐΈָ͕ • ಡΈࠐΈ͕গͳ͍ • σϝϦοτ • user৘ใͷ੔߹ੑ͕ อͯͳ͍ • user৘ใ͕৑௕ rooms: { // collection roomId: { // document name: comments: { // collection commentId: { //document comment: user: { name:, id: } } } } }

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DBઃܭ - ࢀরܕ • usersίϨΫγϣϯΛ  ࢀর • ϝϦοτ • user৘ใͷ੔߹ੑ • user৘ใ͕؆ܿ • σϝϦοτ • ಡΈࠐΈճ਺͕૿Ճ • ॻ͖ࠐΈ͕൥ࡶ rooms: { // collection … commentId: { //document comment: user: { /users/userId} } … } users: { userId: {name:} }

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ൺֱ ಡΈऔΓճ਺ σʔλ੔߹ੑ ΫϥΠΞϯτί ʔυͷ؆ܿ͞ ৑௕Խܕ গͳ͍ º ˓ ࢀরܕ ଟ͍ ˓ ˚ • ΫϥΠΞϯτଆͷίʔυΛγϯϓϧʹ͍ͨ͠ • Ϣʔβͷ৘ใ͸มԽ͠ͳ͍ͱԾఆ ࠾༻

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ϧʔϧઃܭ • ಡΈऔΓ͸୭Ͱ΋Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͍ͨ͠ɻ • ϧʔϜͷ࡞੒΍ίϝϯτͷॻ͖ࠐΈ͸ೝূඞਢɻ • ίϝϯτͷฤू͸ࣗ෼ͷ΋ͷ͚ͩՄೳɻ • ϧʔϜͷ࡟আ, ฤू͸ෆՄ

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ϧʔϧઃܭ - roomsͷಡΈऔΓɾฤूݖݶ • rooms/{roomId} • read: ୭Ͱ΋OK • create: ೝূඞਢ • update, delete: ෆՄ

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ϧʔϧઃܭ - commentsͷಡΈऔΓɾฤूݖݶ • rooms/{roomId}/comments/{commentId} • read: ୭Ͱ΋OK • create: ೝূඞਢ • update, delete:ޙड़

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ϧʔϧઃܭ - commentsͷಡΈऔΓɾฤूݖݶ • rooms/{roomId}/comments/{commentId} • update, delete: ࣗ෼͕౤ߘͨ͠΋ͷ͸Մ

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ΫϥΠΞϯτίʔυ - σʔλͷಡΈऔΓ

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ΫϥΠΞϯτίʔυ - σʔλͷಡΈऔΓ commentsίϨΫγϣϯͷ  υΩϡϝϯτ͕มߋ͞ΕΔͱؔ਺͕࣮ߦ

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ΫϥΠΞϯτίʔυ - σʔλͷಡΈऔΓ Ҿ਺ʹ౉͞ΕΔσʔλ͸Ϧετ

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ΫϥΠΞϯτίʔυ - σʔλͷಡΈऔΓ change.type͕addedͷ৔߹ ը໘ʹ൓ө

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Realtime Databaseͱͷൺֱ

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Realtime Databaseͱ͸ • Realtime Database • NoSQLσʔλϕʔε • ҰຕͷJSON • FirestoreΑΓ΋ઌʹϦϦʔε

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ൺֱ • Realtime Database • ྉ͕͍ۚ҆(͜ͱ͕ଟ͍) • ·ͱΊͯσʔλΛऔಘ͢Δ͜ͱ͕༰қ • Cloud Firestore • σʔλͷ੔ཧ͕͠΍͍͢(αϒίϨΫγϣϯ) • ॊೈͳΫΤϦ • σʔλऔಘͷ৚݅Λࡉ͔͘ઃఆՄೳ • Realtime Database͔ΒڧԽ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

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ྉۚ ແྉ࿮ ैྔ੍ 3FBMUJNF%BUBCBTF  (#μ΢ϯϩʔυࡁΈ (#݄ (# 'JSFTUPSF  %PDVNFOUTSFBE ສ೔ , σʔλྔ  ʹରͯ͠՝ۚ ಡΈऔΓճ਺  ʹରͯ͠՝ۚ

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ྉۚ 0.1KBͷσʔλ

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ྉۚ 0.1KBͷσʔλ • Realtime Database • 0.1KBΛμ΢ϯϩʔυ • Firestore • 5ͭͷυΩϡϝϯτ  Λreadͨ͠ͱΧ΢ϯτ

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ϓϩμΫγϣϯ؀ڥʹద༻ͨ͠ͱ͖ͷͰ͖͝ͱ • 1ಡΈऔΓͰ1readΧ΢ϯτͱצҧ͍ • 3ສPV/೔ͷϖʔδʹFirestoreΛ࢖༻ˠ੍ݶʹҾ͔͔ͬΔ

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ϓϩμΫγϣϯ؀ڥʹద༻ͨ͠ͱ͖ͷͰ͖͝ͱ Firestore Realtime Database New Data New Data PVͷଟ͍ϖʔδ PVͷগͳ͍ϖʔδ • ͳΜͱ͔ແྉ࿮ʹऩΊ͍ͨ • ಡΈऔΓΛ෼ࢄͤͯ͞ແྉ࿮ʹऩΊΔ Cloud Functions

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ϓϩμΫγϣϯ؀ڥʹద༻ͨ͠ͱ͖ͷͰ͖͝ͱ • Cloud Functions

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ϓϩμΫγϣϯ؀ڥʹద༻ͨ͠ͱ͖ͷͰ͖͝ͱ • Cloud Functions σʔλ͕create͞ ΕΔ͜ͱΛ؂ࢹ

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ϓϩμΫγϣϯ؀ڥʹద༻ͨ͠ͱ͖ͷͰ͖͝ͱ • Cloud Functions Realtime Databaseʹσʔλ௥Ճ

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ϓϩμΫγϣϯ؀ڥʹద༻ͨ͠ͱ͖ͷͰ͖͝ͱ ࣮ଌ஋ ແྉ࿮ 3FBMUJNF%BUBCBTF .#೔ (#݄ 'JSFTUPSF ສ೔ ສ೔

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·ͱΊ

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·ͱΊ • Firestore͸JSONϥΠΫͳσʔλܗࣜΛ΋ͬͨNoSQL • ΫϥΠΞϯτͷίʔυͷΈͰϦΞϧλΠϜʹ  σʔλΛอଘɾಉظͰ͖Δ • ଞͷFirebaseαʔϏεͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ͜ͱͰ  ߴ౓ͳ͜ͱ΋Մೳ

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Thank youʂ