開発を効率化するテストのデザインパターン

by Kuniwak

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։ൃΛޮ཰Խ͢Δ  ςετͷσβΠϯύλʔϯ

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"CPVUNF

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4XJGUϲ݄໨ͷਓؒ ࢦఠɾΞυόΠε׻ܴʂ

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ࠓ೔঺հ͢Δύλʔϯ

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ܕʹΑΔ๷ޚ

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ςετ  ༰қઃܭ

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ςετͷ  ߏ଄Խ

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σόοάͷ  ޮ཰Խ

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લͷ΋ͷ΄ͲΦεεϝ

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࣮૷ྫ͋Γ·͢

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ܕʹΑΔ๷ޚ

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ͦ΋ͦ΋ςετͬͯ  ޮ཰తͳͷͩΖ͏͔ʁ

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ߏจϋΠϥΠτ Ϧϯτ ੩తܕݕࠪ ୯ମɾ݁߹ςετ &&ςετ खಈಈ࡞֬ೝ όά9Λݟ͚ͭͨ৔ॴ όά9

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ߏจϋΠϥΠτ Ϧϯτ ੩తܕݕࠪ ୯ମɾ݁߹ςετ &&ςετ खಈಈ࡞֬ೝ όά" ্ͷํͰࢭ·Δͱ ॴཁ͕࣌ؒ୹͍ όά# ςετͩͱ͕࣌ؒ  ͔͔Δ

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ͳΔ΂͘ςετલʹ  όάΛݟ͚͍ͭͨ ͜Ε͕ޮ཰త

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Semantic Type σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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จࣈྻͱͯ͠ͷૢ࡞͸  ඞཁͳ͍ͷͰӅ͢ ҙຯʹΑΔಠࣗܕ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF(JU)VC(JU)VC6TFSTXJGU--

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Ϣʔβʔ໊Λड͚औΕΔ  ؔ਺ʹ͔͠౉ͤͳ͍ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF(JU)VC(JU)VC3FQPTJUPSZTXJGU--

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ؒҧͬͨॲཧΛॻ͖ͮΒ͍    Մಡੑ΋ߴ·Δ

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Registration Token σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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ඞཁͳࣄલͷॲཧΛ  ๨Εͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δύλʔϯ

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5PLFO͕ඞཁ 5BCMF7JFX$FMMΛ࡞Δؔ਺ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF.WD"SDIJUFDUVSF4UBSHB[FST4UBSHB[FS$FMMTXJGU--

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উखʹ࡞Εͳ͍ ొ࿥͢ΔͱೖखͰ͖Δ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF.WD"SDIJUFDUVSF4UBSHB[FST4UBSHB[FS$FMMTXJGU--

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ඞཁͳࣄલͷॲཧΛ๨ΕΔͱ  ܕݕࠪʹ௨Βͳ͍

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ςετ  ༰қઃܭ

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ਓؒ͸ςετ༰қͳ  ΋ͷ͔͠ςετͰ͖ͳ͍

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ViewController  Factory σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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3FOBNFͳͲͰ  4UPSZCPBSEͱͷ੔߹ੑ͸  ؆୯ʹյΕΔ 5)&ݫ͍͠

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7JFX$POUSPMMFSͷ࡞੒ؔ਺ 'PSDF6OXSBQܕ͸͜͜Ͱଋറ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF.WD"SDIJUFDUVSF4UBSHB[FST4UBSHB[FST.WD$PNQPTFSTXJGU--

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͜͜Ͱ׆͖Δ 7JFX$POUSPMMFSͱ4UPSZCPBSEͷ੔߹ੑΛݕূ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF5FTUT.WD"SDIJUFDUVSF4UBSHB[FS.WD$PNQPTFS5FTUTTXJGU

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΋͠࡞Εͳ͔ͬͨΒҟৗ ࣮ࡍʹදࣔ·Ͱ࣮ߦ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF5FTUT/BWJHBUPS5FTU/BWJHBUPSTXJGU

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State-Machine  Model σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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.7 ͷ.PEFMͷ  ໢ཏςετ͸೉͍͠ ໢ཏ͖͠Εͳ͍ʂ

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.PEFMͷঢ়ଶભҠΛ੍ݶ ͔ͩΒ

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.ﬁrstFetching .fetched(.success(x)) .fetching(.success(x)) .fetched(.failure(e)) .fetching(.failure(e)) FOVN͕ศར 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF.WD"SDIJUFDUVSF4UBSHB[FST4UBSHB[FST.PEFMTXJGU--

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ͦΕͧΕͷ໼ҹΛ  ౓ςετ͢Δ͚ͩͰΑ͍

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.ﬁrstFetching .fetched(.success(x)) .fetching(.success(x)) .fetched(.failure(e)) .fetching(.failure(e)) ͜ͷྫͰ͸ຊͰ໢ཏ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF.WD"SDIJUFDUVSF4UBSHB[FST4UBSHB[FST.PEFMTXJGU--

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ঢ়ଶ਺͕രൃ͢Δલʹ  ঢ়ଶ਺Λ੍ݶͯ͠ѹ౗త໢ཏ

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ςετͷ  ߏ଄Խ

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ςετ͕૿͑ΔʹͭΕ  ςετࣗମͷอकੑ͕ॏཁʹͳΔ

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Parameterized  Test σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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ྨࣅͨ͠ςετέʔε͕  ଟ͍৔߹ͷύλʔϯ

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ςετέʔεΛ σʔλߏ଄ʹམͱ͢ ෳ਺ͷςετέʔεΛ·ͱΊΔ 5FTUT.JSSPS%J⒎,JU5FTUT%J⒎BCMF4FU5FTUTTXJGU- ˞͍͍ྫ͕αϯϓϧʹͳ͔ͬͨͷͰผ͔Βर͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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ςετέʔε͸ϧʔϓͰ࣮ߦ͢Δ 5FTUT.JSSPS%J⒎,JU5FTUT%J⒎BCMF4FU5FTUTTXJGU- ˞͍͍ྫ͕αϯϓϧʹͳ͔ͬͨͷͰผ͔Βर͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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ςετέʔεΛྔ࢈Ͱ͖Δ 5FTUT.JSSPS%J⒎,JU5FTUT%J⒎BCMF4FU5FTUTTXJGU- ˞͍͍ྫ͕αϯϓϧʹͳ͔ͬͨͷͰผ͔Βर͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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MJOFΛLFZʹ͢Δͱ  ৔ॴ͕Θ͔Γ΍͍͢ 5FTUT.JSSPS%J⒎,JU5FTUT%J⒎BCMF4FU5FTUTTXJGU- ˞͍͍ྫ͕αϯϓϧʹͳ͔ͬͨͷͰผ͔Βर͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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Promisiﬁed  Test σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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ඇಉظςετ͸೰Έ͕ଟ͍ ಡΈͮΒ͍͜ͱ͕ଟ͍

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Ұํ+4քͰ͸1SPNJTFʹ  ΑΔඇಉظςετ͕༏੎ ඇಉظͳ஋ͷऔಘͷσβΠϯύλʔϯ

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J04Ͱ΋࢖͍͍ͨʜ

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BTZODͱ͍͏  ؔ਺ͰแΉ ςετέʔε͸  1SPNJTFΛฦ͢ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF5FTUT(JU)VC(JU)VC"QJ5FTUTTXJGU

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9$5FTU$BTF΁  ͏·͘ϒϦοδ 1SPNJTF͕ղܾ͞ΕͨΒςετ੒ޭ غ٫͞ΕͨΒςετࣦഊ 5FTUBCMF%FTJHO&YBNQMF5FTUT"TZODTXJGU

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ಡΈ΍͍͢    ॻ͖΍͍͢

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σόοάͷ  ޮ཰Խ

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Diﬀ  Assertion σβΠϯύλʔϯ

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Α͋͘Δςετ .JSSPS%J⒎,JU3&"%.&NE

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ಡΊ͵

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։ൃ͠·ͨ͠

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͜͏͢Δͱʜ .JSSPS%J⒎,JU3&"%.&NE

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.JSSPSͱ͍͏3FqFDUJPO"1*Λ ࢖ͬͯɺߏ଄తͳEJ⒎Λܭࢉ

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࢖ͬͯΈ͍ͯͩ͘͞ʂ ˒΋Β͑Δͱخ͍͠Ͱ͢ʂ

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·ͱΊ ͞·͟·ͳύλʔϯΛۦ࢖ͯ͠  ޮ཰తʹ։ൃ͠·͠ΐ͏

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Φεεϝͷࢿྉ ςετքͰ͸௒༗໊ͳ  σβύλຊ ϞοΫεύΠελϒͷ ఆٛ΍ɺࠓ೔঺հͨ͠  ύλʔϯͷൃ૝ݩ͕  ͨ͘͞Μࡌͬͯ·͢