https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98 2026-10-12 21:16:59 -0400 increase the shelf life of food, you must control temperature, moisture, oxygen, and microbial growth through proper storage, packaging, and preservation techniques. Refrigeration: Keep perishable items like dairy and raw meat cold (around 4°C) to slow down bacteria growth.Freezing: Freeze fruits, vegetables, and prepared meals to stop microbial growth and enzyme activity. increase the shelf life of food, you must control temperature, moisture, oxygen, and microbial growth through proper storage, packaging, and preservation techniques. Refrigeration: Keep perishable items like dairy and raw meat cold (around 4°C) to slow down bacteria growth.Freezing: Freeze fruits, vegetables, and prepared meals to stop microbial growth and enzyme activity. Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 -0400 https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98/enhancement-of-shelf-life-of-fruits-and-vegetables https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98/enhancement-of-shelf-life-of-fruits-and-vegetables Viruses are ultramicroscopic infectious agents. They are acellular and lack independent cellular organization. A complete virus particle is called a virion. They contain nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat, with an envelope in some viruses.Viruses multiply only within suitable living host cells. Viruses are ultramicroscopic infectious agents. They are acellular and lack independent cellular organization. A complete virus particle is called a virion. They contain nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat, with an envelope in some viruses.Viruses multiply only within suitable living host cells. Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 -0400 https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98/virus-and-bacteria https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98/virus-and-bacteria Bacterial diseases are plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria invade plant tissues through natural openings such as stomata, hydathodes, lenticels, or through wounds. They multiply rapidly under warm and humid conditions and interfere with normal plant growth and development. Bacterial diseases affect various parts of plants including leaves, stems, fruits, roots and vascular tissues. Common symptoms include leaf spots, blights, wilting, cankers, galls, rots and chlorosis. These diseases can reduce crop yield, quality and market value, causing significant economic losses. The spread of bacterial pathogens occurs through infected seeds, planting materials, rain splash, irrigation water, insects, contaminated tools and human activities Characteristics of Bacterial Plant Diseases Caused by pathogenic bacteria. Favored by high humidity and moderate temperatures. Spread through water, wind, insects and contaminated equipment. Produce symptoms such as cankers, blights, wilts and leaf spots. Cause severe yield and quality losses in crops. Examples Citrus Canker – Xanthomonas citri Bacterial Blight – Xanthomonas spp. Bacterial diseases are plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria invade plant tissues through natural openings such as stomata, hydathodes, lenticels, or through wounds. They multiply rapidly under warm and humid conditions and interfere with normal plant growth and development. Bacterial diseases affect various parts of plants including leaves, stems, fruits, roots and vascular tissues. Common symptoms include leaf spots, blights, wilting, cankers, galls, rots and chlorosis. These diseases can reduce crop yield, quality and market value, causing significant economic losses. The spread of bacterial pathogens occurs through infected seeds, planting materials, rain splash, irrigation water, insects, contaminated tools and human activities Characteristics of Bacterial Plant Diseases Caused by pathogenic bacteria. Favored by high humidity and moderate temperatures. Spread through water, wind, insects and contaminated equipment. Produce symptoms such as cankers, blights, wilts and leaf spots. Cause severe yield and quality losses in crops. Examples Citrus Canker – Xanthomonas citri Bacterial Blight – Xanthomonas spp. Mon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 -0400 https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98/plant-pathology-bacterial-viral https://speakerdeck.com/vimal_98/plant-pathology-bacterial-viral