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Alex Singleton Department of Geography and Planning Advances in Geographic Information Science and “the Population of Blackpool” www.alex-singleton.com Picture - http://www.flickr.com/photos/metaltax/3071984856/

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Eurostat yearbook 2004

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Geographic Information Systems • Almost all human activities and decisions involve an important geographic component • Working with geographic information involves unique, complex and difficult choices – Why we need specialized “software” • organize and store • access and retrieve • manipulate and synthesize • apply to the solution of problems

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Geographic Information Systems http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arcgisclusters.jpg

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Geographic Information Systems

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Advances • Increasing prevalence of spatial data – New and innovative data uses – Open Data – Volunteered geographic information (Crowd Sourcing) • GIS tools are no longer a barrier • Move of GIS online & mobile – New ways to generate data – New ways to consume information

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Open Source Software

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NEW AND INNOVATIVE DATA USES

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http://gbnames.publicprofiler.org/ Singleton (1881;1998) • 1881 Census • 1998 Enhanced electoral roll

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http://worldnames.publicprofiler.org/

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Cawood Culpin

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BIALOWAS

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OPEN DATA

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http://theodi.org/

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http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2013/feb/08/census-data-mapped

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Males Lives in a Communal Establishment

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Median Age British

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Flats Semi

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/2803606630/

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62 Variables 22 4 9 11 16

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http://www.opendataprofiler.com/Mapping.aspx

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2011 OAC Supergroup Assignment ! Rural Residents Cosmopolitans Ethnic Mix Blue Collar Neighbourhoods ! ! Multicultural Metropolitans Suburbanites Proportion of 2011 OAC Supergroups in a 2 mile radius around Chelsea’s and Liverpool’s stadiums

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Education http://www.education.gov.uk/schools/performance/

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Education http://www.educationprofiler.org/?catchment

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OpenStreetMap CO2 & School Commute • Department for Education – Pupil Level Annual School Census (PLASC) • Postcode level • 2007 – 2012 – “usual” travel mode • 7,373,505 pupil records after exclusions (e.g. no postcode etc) – multiple years (2011) • Mostly state school pupils

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Crime http://www.police.uk/

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Crime http://www.police.uk/

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http://data.police.uk/

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Crime

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Crime

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Crime

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http://www.policestreets.co.uk/

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VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/thms/42302762/

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/trojanllama/846715689/

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http://www.geograph.org.uk/

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http://scenic.mysociety.org/

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Scenicornot.org • This was derived from the scenic or not website, where visitors are asked to rate how ‘scenic’ a photo image is, between 1 and 10. ! • A record of each photograph’s ratings is kept, and is available from the website. ! • An average of each of the ratings for each photo was taken as the rating in this project. ! • A map showing the ‘average scenic rating’ of the photos in the 5 KM grid squares of North England

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Example of a Walk • Each Walkingworld walk route consists of a number of waymarks, or ‘walk points.’ • Sometimes the walk can take the form of a cycle, in this case a walk is shown on a Leaflet map of Blackpool and the surrounding area. Liam Bratley

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Average Scenic Rating • For each walk point, the closest 3 photos were found using a Nearest Neighbour algorithm in R. • The mean of the average rating of each of the 3 photos was calculated. The result of this calculation was stored as the “average scenic rating” for each walk point. • The graph opposite shows how the average scenic rating varies according to altitude, as you move through each walk point of a walk around North West Lancashire.

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Visualisation of Cluster Locations • Some interesting results: the green clusters look to be approximately near to the national parks of the country; meanwhile the yellow/light green clusters are more focused around urban areas. • This lead tso appropriate naming of these clusters.

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Dean Riddlesden - http://deanriddlesden.wordpress.com/

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2010/11 2012/13 Dean Riddlesden - http://deanriddlesden.wordpress.com/

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Some Conclusions • Increasing prevalence of spatial data – New and innovative data uses – Open Data – Volunteered geographic information (Crowd Sourcing) • GIS tools are no longer a barrier • Move of GIS online & mobile – New ways to generate data – New ways to consume information

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Thanks! • Questions? • www.alex-singleton.com