Slide 1
Slide 1 text
Distributed RSpec
Kenta Murata@COOKPAD
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 2
Slide 2 text
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 3
Slide 3 text
Self-introduction
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 4
Slide 4 text
Photo by Masahiro Ihara
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 5
Slide 5 text
Photo by Masahiro Ihara
Kenta Murata
@mrkn
COOKPAD Inc.
Development Infrastructure Engineer
CRuby committer
bigdecimal support
Asakusa.rb
RubySapporo
RailsGirlsTokyo (coach)
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 6
Slide 6 text
My responsibilities in
COOKPAD
• Testing environment
• CI environment
• Ruby and Rails version up
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 7
Slide 7 text
Dev-infra team
Boss Full-time Part-time
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 8
Slide 8 text
Dev-infra team
Boss Full-time Part-time
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 9
Slide 9 text
Distributed RSpec
Kenta Murata@COOKPAD
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 10
Slide 10 text
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 11
Slide 11 text
Monthly visitors are over 20M
Recipes are over 1,200k
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 12
Slide 12 text
$ ree_be rake stats
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Name | Lines | LOC | Classes | Methods | M/C | LOC/M |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Controllers | 16708 | 13381 | 154 | 1153 | 7 | 9 |
| Helpers | 6228 | 5179 | 0 | 508 | 0 | 8 |
| Models | 38665 | 30777 | 861 | 3248 | 3 | 7 |
| Libraries | 29363 | 23740 | 238 | 2189 | 9 | 8 |
| Functional tests | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unit tests | 72 | 54 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Integration specs | 21207 | 17381 | 2 | 83 | 41 | 207 |
| Chanko specs | 15700 | 13030 | 1 | 103 | 103 | 124 |
| Model specs | 22247 | 18297 | 3 | 35 | 11 | 520 |
| Controller specs | 17061 | 14080 | 6 | 49 | 8 | 285 |
| Helper specs | 588 | 507 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Routing specs | 128 | 102 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 100 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Total | 167976 | 136535 | 1277 | 7369 | 5 | 16 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
Code LOC: 73077 Test LOC: 63458 Code to Test Ratio: 1:0.9
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 13
Slide 13 text
$ ree_be rake stats
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Name | Lines | LOC | Classes | Methods | M/C | LOC/M |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Controllers | 16708 | 13381 | 154 | 1153 | 7 | 9 |
| Helpers | 6228 | 5179 | 0 | 508 | 0 | 8 |
| Models | 38665 | 30777 | 861 | 3248 | 3 | 7 |
| Libraries | 29363 | 23740 | 238 | 2189 | 9 | 8 |
| Functional tests | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unit tests | 72 | 54 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Integration specs | 21207 | 17381 | 2 | 83 | 41 | 207 |
| Chanko specs | 15700 | 13030 | 1 | 103 | 103 | 124 |
| Model specs | 22247 | 18297 | 3 | 35 | 11 | 520 |
| Controller specs | 17061 | 14080 | 6 | 49 | 8 | 285 |
| Helper specs | 588 | 507 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Routing specs | 128 | 102 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 100 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Total | 167976 | 136535 | 1277 | 7369 | 5 | 16 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
Code LOC: 73077 Test LOC: 63458 Code to Test Ratio: 1:0.9
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 14
Slide 14 text
$ ree_be rake stats
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Name | Lines | LOC | Classes | Methods | M/C | LOC/M |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Controllers | 16708 | 13381 | 154 | 1153 | 7 | 9 |
| Helpers | 6228 | 5179 | 0 | 508 | 0 | 8 |
| Models | 38665 | 30777 | 861 | 3248 | 3 | 7 |
| Libraries | 29363 | 23740 | 238 | 2189 | 9 | 8 |
| Functional tests | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unit tests | 72 | 54 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Integration specs | 21207 | 17381 | 2 | 83 | 41 | 207 |
| Chanko specs | 15700 | 13030 | 1 | 103 | 103 | 124 |
| Model specs | 22247 | 18297 | 3 | 35 | 11 | 520 |
| Controller specs | 17061 | 14080 | 6 | 49 | 8 | 285 |
| Helper specs | 588 | 507 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Routing specs | 128 | 102 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 100 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Total | 167976 | 136535 | 1277 | 7369 | 5 | 16 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
Code LOC: 73077 Test LOC: 63458 Code to Test Ratio: 1:0.9
861 Models
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 15
Slide 15 text
$ ree_be rake stats
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Name | Lines | LOC | Classes | Methods | M/C | LOC/M |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Controllers | 16708 | 13381 | 154 | 1153 | 7 | 9 |
| Helpers | 6228 | 5179 | 0 | 508 | 0 | 8 |
| Models | 38665 | 30777 | 861 | 3248 | 3 | 7 |
| Libraries | 29363 | 23740 | 238 | 2189 | 9 | 8 |
| Functional tests | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unit tests | 72 | 54 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Integration specs | 21207 | 17381 | 2 | 83 | 41 | 207 |
| Chanko specs | 15700 | 13030 | 1 | 103 | 103 | 124 |
| Model specs | 22247 | 18297 | 3 | 35 | 11 | 520 |
| Controller specs | 17061 | 14080 | 6 | 49 | 8 | 285 |
| Helper specs | 588 | 507 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Routing specs | 128 | 102 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 100 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Total | 167976 | 136535 | 1277 | 7369 | 5 | 16 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
Code LOC: 73077 Test LOC: 63458 Code to Test Ratio: 1:0.9
17381 Integration spec LOC
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 16
Slide 16 text
$ ree_be rake stats
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Name | Lines | LOC | Classes | Methods | M/C | LOC/M |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Controllers | 16708 | 13381 | 154 | 1153 | 7 | 9 |
| Helpers | 6228 | 5179 | 0 | 508 | 0 | 8 |
| Models | 38665 | 30777 | 861 | 3248 | 3 | 7 |
| Libraries | 29363 | 23740 | 238 | 2189 | 9 | 8 |
| Functional tests | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unit tests | 72 | 54 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Integration specs | 21207 | 17381 | 2 | 83 | 41 | 207 |
| Chanko specs | 15700 | 13030 | 1 | 103 | 103 | 124 |
| Model specs | 22247 | 18297 | 3 | 35 | 11 | 520 |
| Controller specs | 17061 | 14080 | 6 | 49 | 8 | 285 |
| Helper specs | 588 | 507 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Routing specs | 128 | 102 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 100 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
| Total | 167976 | 136535 | 1277 | 7369 | 5 | 16 |
+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
Code LOC: 73077 Test LOC: 63458 Code to Test Ratio: 1:0.9
13030 Chanko spec LOC
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 17
Slide 17 text
Chanko
How COOKPAD safely releases
multiple feature prototypes - in production -
for test segments of their 15 million engaged users
@mrkn (Kenta Murata), @shingo (Shingo Morita)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/june29/3396011694/
http://www.confreaks.com/events/railsconf2012
https://speakerdeck.com/u/mrkn/p/chanko
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 18
Slide 18 text
After Chanko
IDEA
BUILD
Limited release
IDEA
MEASURE
Public release
RELEASE
http://photozou.jp/photo/show/606813/95100763 http://photozou.jp/photo/show/276167/58451178
BUILD
LEARN
https://speakerdeck.com/u/mrkn/p/chanko?slide=20
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 19
Slide 19 text
About 10 teams
1-3 developers per team
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 20
Slide 20 text
After Chanko
IDEA
BUILD
Limited release
IDEA
MEASURE
Public release
RELEASE
http://photozou.jp/photo/show/606813/95100763 http://photozou.jp/photo/show/276167/58451178
BUILD
LEARN
https://speakerdeck.com/u/mrkn/p/chanko?slide=20
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 21
Slide 21 text
How to shorten the waiting
time until a change gets
deployable?
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 22
Slide 22 text
Continuous Integration
should be enough fast
Necessary condition
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 23
Slide 23 text
git push git push
CI
git
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 24
Slide 24 text
git push
build #k
10min
git push
CI
git
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 25
Slide 25 text
git push
build #k build #k+1
10min 10min
git push
CI
git
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 26
Slide 26 text
git push
build #k build #k+1
10min 10min
git push
CI
git
This commit can be deployed after 20min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 27
Slide 27 text
git push
build #k build #k+1
N min N min
git push
CI
git
This commit can be deployed after 2N min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 28
Slide 28 text
The maximum CI waiting minutes 2N min
Prescribed working time
8 hours
== 480 min
The maximum count of deploy
480 / 2N
== 240 / N
N : The CI waiting time to deploy 40 times
240 / 40
== 6 min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 29
Slide 29 text
The maximum CI waiting minutes 2N min
Prescribed working time
8 hours
== 480 min
The maximum count of deploy
480 / 2N
== 240 / N
N : The CI waiting time to deploy 40 times
240 / 40
== 6 min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 30
Slide 30 text
The maximum CI waiting minutes 2N min
Prescribed working time
8 hours
== 480 min
The maximum count of deploy
480 / 2N
== 240 / N
N : The CI waiting time to deploy 40 times
240 / 40
== 6 min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 31
Slide 31 text
The maximum CI waiting minutes 2N min
Prescribed working time
8 hours
== 480 min
The maximum count of deploy
480 / 2N
== 240 / N
N : The CI waiting time to deploy 40 times
240 / 40
== 6 min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 32
Slide 32 text
Developers should guarantee their
changes doesn’t break any tests
when they pushes the changes
into the master branch.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 33
Slide 33 text
The test system for the developers
should provide an environment
which isn’t broken by
simultaneous test executions.
Necessary condition
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 34
Slide 34 text
Of course developer testing
should be enough fast, too.
Necessary condition
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 35
Slide 35 text
Three conditions
• CI should be fast
• Developer-testing environment should be
available for simultaneous executions
• Developer-testing should be fast
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 36
Slide 36 text
6000
6500
7000
7500
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
6000
6500
7000
7500
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
The number of examples in
COOKPAD’s spec les
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 37
Slide 37 text
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06/01 07/01 08/01
Timestamp
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
The number of examples in
COOKPAD’s spec les
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 38
Slide 38 text
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
The number of examples in
COOKPAD’s spec les
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 39
Slide 39 text
ThreeFour conditions
• CI should be fast
• Developer-testing environment should be
available for simultaneous executions
• Developer-testing should be fast
• The system should be able to scale out for
increasing tests
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 40
Slide 40 text
Remote spec
and
Distributed CI
The solutions in COOKPAD
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 41
Slide 41 text
͍·Կ͔࣌ͳʁ
Distributed RSpec in
COOKPAD
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 42
Slide 42 text
From here
• The mechanisms of the current remote spec
• The problems of the current remote spec
• The future remote spec
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 43
Slide 43 text
Big Procedural Flow
1. Rsync the application’s code tree
2. Prepare workers’ environment
• MySQL and Solr
3. Run RSpec remotely
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 44
Slide 44 text
1. Grouping spec les so that each the group has
almost same execution time based on the last
execution time log
2. Executing RSpec for each the group on the
remote workers via ssh
3. Results of RSpec is collected via pipe, and
displayed so that the user can easily distinguish
which worker makes the results.
How to distribute
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 45
Slide 45 text
spec_execution_times.log
./spec/models/country_spec.rb:0.239013
./spec/integration/pr/event_spec.rb:11.48333
./spec/integration/recipes_spec.rb:159.893117
./spec/integration/device/info_spec.rb:3.592802
./spec/libs/symboliclink_check_spec.rb:2.024438
./spec/controllers/advertisement_module_2_spec.rb:27.125839
./spec/libs/mail_functions_spec.rb:0.123556
./spec/models/generic_recipe_spec.rb:0.716866
./spec/libs/ruby_syntax_spec.rb:18.92995
./spec/libs/cookpad_logger_spec.rb:0.233645
./spec/controllers/device/myfolder_controller_spec.rb:7.037313
./spec/integration/trend_keyword_spec.rb:1.224577
./spec/models/search_category_recipe_spec.rb:2.82474
./spec/controllers/hello_controller_spec.rb:0.846888
./spec/controllers/api_controller_spec.rb:0.936871
./spec/integration/recipes_hot_notification_spec.rb:27.260698
./spec/models/diary_mailer_spec.rb:1.156989
(snip)
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 46
Slide 46 text
spec_execution_times.log
• Execution times are recorded for each
spec le.
• An execution time of a spec le is de ned
as one of the top-level example group in
the spec le.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 47
Slide 47 text
Condition Execution time
single rspec too long; unmeasurable
8-core parallel_tests over 1 hour
5 workers,
each have 6-cores
about 15 min
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 48
Slide 48 text
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
6000
6500
7000
7500
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
The number of examples in
COOKPAD’s spec les
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 49
Slide 49 text
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05/01 06/01 07/01
Ti
Examples count
The number of examples in
COOKPAD’s spec les
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 50
Slide 50 text
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 51
Slide 51 text
Real execution time
$ grep cookpad:spec ci.log
(11) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 495.010000 (164.655632)
(07) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.120000 493.490000 (166.317008)
(03) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.120000 604.060000 (217.101263)
(12) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 711.730000 (217.371807)
(10) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 550.990000 (224.883867)
(08) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 632.330000 (226.134510)
(04) cookpad:spec --> 0.010000 0.130000 615.030000 (233.176576)
(06) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.120000 592.900000 (232.820875)
(01) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 562.510000 (242.002139)
(13) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 560.200000 (241.834410)
(09) cookpad:spec --> 0.030000 0.120000 750.040000 (268.914216)
(00) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.130000 692.820000 (280.803856)
(05) cookpad:spec --> 0.020000 0.140000 726.640000 (289.625570)
(02) cookpad:spec --> 0.010000 0.130000 679.850000 (437.498087)
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 52
Slide 52 text
Wrong balancing
• The execution time on each worker was
varied.
• Runtime conditions of servers affected the
execution times.
• I retired the way to divide spec les into
groups before executing RSpec.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 53
Slide 53 text
Dynamic distributing
• I need the method to distribute spec les
dynamically according to runtime
conditions of workers
• The answer is Producer-Consumer pattern
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 54
Slide 54 text
Producer-Consumer pattern
• The basic way to implement parallel task
processing.
• Producers produce tasks and enqueue
them into a queue.
• Consumers dequeue tasks from the
queue, and processes them.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 55
Slide 55 text
The Producer-Consumer Pattern
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 56
Slide 56 text
By this pattern
• Slow workers process fewer tasks than the
others.
• Fast workers process much more tasks
than the others.
• As a result the execution times of workers
are almost same.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 57
Slide 57 text
The Producer-Consumer Pattern
spec le
spec
le
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 58
Slide 58 text
I implemented it
• Using dRuby and Rinda::TupleSpace
• Producer and consumers communicate
with each other via a queue represented
by Rinda::TupleSpace
• On workers, dRuby gateway is executed
via ssh, and the gateway process launches
each consumer DRbObject.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 59
Slide 59 text
Consumer process
• A consumer takes a spec le from a queue,
a TupleSpace, and execute it.
• I want to avoid spending time for
generating a new process and loading and
initializing Rails environment by executing
“rspec” command.
• I need to use rspec abnormally.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 60
Slide 60 text
Time is up
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 61
Slide 61 text
RSpec::Core::CommandLine#run
def run
...
@configuration.load_spec_files
@world.announce_filters
@configuration.reporter.report(...) do |reporter|
begin
@configuration.run_hook(:before, :suite)
@world.example_groups.ordered.map {|g|
g.run(reporter)
}.all? ? 0 : @configuration.failure_exit_code
ensure
@configuration.run_hook(:after, :suite)
end
end
end
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 62
Slide 62 text
RSpec::Core::CommandLine#run
def run
...
@configuration.load_spec_files
@world.announce_filters
@configuration.reporter.report(...) do |reporter|
begin
@configuration.run_hook(:before, :suite)
@world.example_groups.ordered.map {|g|
g.run(reporter)
}.all? ? 0 : @configuration.failure_exit_code
ensure
@configuration.run_hook(:after, :suite)
end
end
end
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 63
Slide 63 text
RSpec::Core::CommandLine#run
def run
...
@configuration.load_spec_files
@world.announce_filters
@configuration.reporter.report(...) do |reporter|
begin
@configuration.run_hook(:before, :suite)
@world.example_groups.ordered.map {|g|
g.run(reporter)
}.all? ? 0 : @configuration.failure_exit_code
ensure
@configuration.run_hook(:after, :suite)
end
end
end
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 64
Slide 64 text
RSpec::Core::CommandLine#initialize
# RSpec::Core::CommandLine#initialize
def initialize(options,
configuration=RSpec::configuration,
world=RSpec::world)
...
@world = world
end
# RSpec::Core::Runner.run
def run(...)
...
CommandLine.new(options).run(err, out)
...
end
# RSpec.world
def self.world
@world ||= RSpec::Core::World.new
end
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 65
Slide 65 text
Normally RSpec
• Example groups are de ned in global
RSpec::Core::World object
• Running example groups in the global
RSpec::Core::World object is running
examples.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 66
Slide 66 text
Abnormally RSpec
• Need to load a single spec le, run
example groups only de ned in the spec
le, and clear the all example groups from
the global RSpec environment.
• RSpec::Core::World#clear does it.
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 67
Slide 67 text
Consumer’s main loop
def main
loop do
_, spec_file = @tuple_space.take [:spec_file, String]
load File.expand_path(spec_file)
begin
@configuration.run_hook(:before, :suite)
@world.example_groups.ordered.map {|g|
g.run(reporter)
}.all? ? 0 : @configuration.failure_exit_code
ensure
@configuration.run_hook(:after, :suite)
@world.clear
end
end
end
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 68
Slide 68 text
remote_spec.gem
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 69
Slide 69 text
remote_spec.gem
com
ing
soon
Sunday, September 16, 12
Slide 70
Slide 70 text
Conclusion
• Testing facilities in COOKPAD are
introduced
• The mechanisms of distributed RSpec in
COOKPAD are introduced
• My current attempts don’t get in time.
• remote_spec.gem is coming soon.
Sunday, September 16, 12