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Nikolaus Bader, https://pixabay.com/photos/brand-front-of-the-brandenburg-gate-5117579/
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:West_and_East_Germans_at_the_Brandenburg_Gate_in_1989.jpg
1989
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https://repository.cern/records/6kxvcv6203/files/ARCH-WWW-4-010.pdf
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-andstories/world-wide-web-global-information-space
1989
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ARPANET, 1970s
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arpanet_in_the_1970s.png
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https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/115893255826342514
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“A year ago, it would have been absurd to worry about European
access to American technology. As [Donald Trump] recklessly exploits
the transatlantic alliance over Greenland, an executive order limiting
American AI firms’ business in Europe no longer seems unthinkable.
Some European restrictions on American technology, including the
computing clouds where AIs reside, are also plausible.”
– The Economist, 22 January 2026
https://www.economist.com/leaders/2026/01/22/chinese-ai-is-a-risk-for-europe-so-is-shunning-it
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https://www.anthropic.com/news/fable-mythos-access
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https://www.theregister.com/2022
/05/02/ukrainian_tractors_deere/
May 2022
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AWS, Azure, and Google
Cloud together have 70%
cloud market share in
Europe.
The largest European
cloud providers (SAP,
Deutsche Telekom) have
2% market share each
https://www.srgresearch.com/articles/european-cloud-providers-local-market-share-now-holds-steady-at-15
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Resources
• Local-first essay
• Local-first documentary
• Automerge
• My work
https://www.inkandswitch.com/essay/local-first/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10d8HxS4y_g
https://automerge.org/
https://martin.kleppmann.com/
• Bluesky
• Email
https://bsky.app/profile/martin.kleppmann.com
[email protected]