はてなリモートインターン2021 マイクロサービス講義資料

by Hatena

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ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε microservice #hatenaintern2021

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泘㗧 • microservice • Ͳ͜Ͱ microservice Λ㒻㕴͢Δ͔? • microservice chassis • Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability) • service 㕽㙳৴ • 㒻ࢄ data ؅ཧ • micro frontend • microservice ͷ release

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NJDSPTFSWJDF .

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service :

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford)

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford)

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford) [user needs] <-(provides something)- [system (= service)]

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NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford) [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)]

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TFSWJDF ྫ :

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TFSWJDF ྫ : ͸ͯͳϦϞʔτΠϯλʔϯγοϓ 2021 [Πϯλʔϯੜͷօ͞Μ] <-(contents)- [͸ͯͳϦϞʔτΠϯλʔϯγοϓ 2021]

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TFSWJDF ྫ : ͸ͯͳϒϩά [user] <-(ϒϩάͷ㕑ᅎ)- [͸ͯͳϒϩά]

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TFSWJDF user ʹ෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ࢓૊Έ (service)

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TFSWJDF খ͞ͳ࢓૊Έ (service) Λ૊Έ߹͸ͤͯେ͖ͳ࢓૊Έ (service) Λ࡞Δ

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TFSWJDF service ͷதͰ͸ᒬʑͳ process (OS process, goroutine, OOP class instance, etc.) ͕ಈ͍ͯΙΔ .

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TFSWJDF service ͷதͰ͸ᒬʑͳ process (OS process, goroutine, OOP class instance, etc.) ͕ಈ͍ͯΙΔ [ଞͷ process ͔Βͷೖྗ] <-(ܭࢉ΍ख᠃͖)- [process = (service)]

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TFSWJDF OOP class instance Λ "service" ͱݺͿྫ cf. PoEAA p.133, p.139 "Service Layer"

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TFSWJDF service ͷதͰ͸ᒬʑͳ process (OS process, goroutine, OOP class instance, etc.) ͕ಈ͍ͯΙΔ [ଞͷ process ͔Βͷೖྗ] <-(ܭࢉ΍ख᠃͖)- [process = (service)]

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TFSWJDF service ͷೖΕࢠ͕㒁ʹ᠃͘৔߹΋͋Δ

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TFSWJDF service ͷதʹ service ͕͋ͬͯɺதͷ service ͕ deploy ͢ΔᄸҐͰ΋͋Δ৔߹ɺதͷ service Λ microservice ͱݺͿ

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TFSWJDF Q. ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͔͢?

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TFSWJDF [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)]

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TFSWJDF [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)] user ͱ࢓૊Έ͸نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯ΍ΓऔΓ͢Δ

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TFSWJDF [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)] user ͱ࢓૊Έ͸نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯ΍ΓऔΓ͢Δ ྫ : • menu ʹԊͬͯḼ亣͠୅ۚΛ፫; <- 㘆඼Λ㗵͚౉͢ • HTTP request <- HTTP response

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TFSWJDF microservice ͷ㑔ޠ : SOA (service oriented architecture)

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TFSWJDF microservice ͷ㑔ޠ : SOA (service oriented architecture) Amazon @ 2002 1)͜ͷ࣌఺ΑΓɺશͯͷνʔϜ͸αʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡શͯͷσʔλͱػೳΛެ։͢Δ͜ͱɻ 2)֤νʔϜ͸֤ʑͦͷΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡௨৴͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻ 3)ͦͷଞͷશͯͷϓϩηεؒ௨৴͸ڐՄ͞Εͳ͍ɻμΠϨΫτϦϯΫɺଞͷνʔϜͷσʔλιʔε͔Β௚઀ σʔλΛಡΉ͜ͱɺϝϞϦڞ༗ϞσϧɺόοΫυΞɺશͯΛې͡ΔɻωοτϫʔΫӽ͠ͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔ ϑΣʔεΛܦ༝ͨ͠௨৴͚͕ͩڐՄ͞ΕΔɻ 4)࢖༻͢Δٕज़͸໰Θͳ͍ɻ HTTP ɺ Corba ɺ Pubsub ɺ ΧελϜϓϩτίϧɺԿͰ΋ྑ͍ɻ Bezos ͸ؾʹ ͠ͳ͍ɻ 5)શͯͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸ɺྫ֎ͳ͘ɺ֎෦ʹެ։ՄೳͳΑ͏ʹθϩ͔Βઃܭ͞Εͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ ͍ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺνʔϜ͸શੈքͷσϕϩούʹ޲͚ͯΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛެ։͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ɺઃܭ ͠ɺܭը͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻྫ֎͸ແ͍ɻ Steve Yegge ͷ Google ͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹؔ͢ΔͿͬͪΌ͚࿩Λ༁ͨ͠ʢલฤʣ

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TFSWJDF microservice ͷ㑔ޠ : SOA (service oriented architecture) Amazon @ 2002 1)͜ͷ࣌఺ΑΓɺશͯͷνʔϜ͸ αʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡શͯͷσʔλͱػೳΛެ։͢Δ ͜ͱɻ 2)֤νʔϜ͸֤ʑ ͦͷΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡௨৴͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ɻ 3)ͦͷଞͷશͯͷϓϩηεؒ௨৴͸ڐՄ͞Εͳ͍ɻμΠϨΫτϦϯΫɺଞͷνʔϜͷσʔλιʔε͔Β௚઀ σʔλΛಡΉ͜ͱɺϝϞϦڞ༗ϞσϧɺόοΫυΞɺશͯΛې͡ΔɻωοτϫʔΫӽ͠ͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔ ϑΣʔεΛܦ༝ͨ͠௨৴͚͕ͩڐՄ͞ΕΔɻ 4)࢖༻͢Δٕज़͸໰Θͳ͍ɻ HTTP ɺ Corba ɺ Pubsub ɺ ΧελϜϓϩτίϧɺԿͰ΋ྑ͍ɻ Bezos ͸ؾʹ ͠ͳ͍ɻ 5)શͯͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸ɺྫ֎ͳ͘ɺ֎෦ʹެ։ՄೳͳΑ͏ʹθϩ͔Βઃܭ͞Εͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ ͍ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺνʔϜ͸શੈքͷσϕϩούʹ޲͚ͯΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛެ։͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ɺઃܭ ͠ɺܭը͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻྫ֎͸ແ͍ɻ Steve Yegge ͷ Google ͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹؔ͢ΔͿͬͪΌ͚࿩Λ༁ͨ͠ʢલฤʣ

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TFSWJDF Q. ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͔͢? .

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TFSWJDF Q. ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͔͢? A. ͍͍͑ɻ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜɻuser ͱ࢓૊Έ͸نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯ΍ΓऔΓͯ͠Ι·ͤΜ

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TFSWJDF user ͱ࢓૊Έͷ㕽ʹ͸௨৴࿏͕͋Δ

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TFSWJDF 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ

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NPOPMJUI microservice ͷሣٛޠ͸ monolith monolith : Ұຕؠ

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NPOPMJUI microservice ʹ͓͍ͯɺservice ͷ user ͸ଞͷ service [user service] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [provider service]

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NPOPMJUI service 㚎ͷ process ΍ OOP class instance ͕ɺଞͷ process ΍ OOP class instance Λ user ͱͯ͠෺ࣄΛఏڙ ͯ͠ΙΕ͹ɺ͜ΕΒ΋ service ͱݟ၏ͤΔ [user class] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [provider class]

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NPOPMJUI service 㚎ͷ process ΍ OOP class instance ͕ɺଞͷ process ΍ OOP class instance Λ user ͱͯ͠෺ࣄΛఏڙ ͯ͠ΙΕ͹ɺ͜ΕΒ΋ service ͱݟ၏ͤΔ Ͱ͸ process ͸ microservice Ͱͤ͏͔?

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NPOPMJUI microservice ʹԙ͚Δݸʑͷ service ͸ deploy ᄸҐ • ᘐཱʹ deploy ͢ΔͷͳΒ microservice • వΊͯ deploy ͢ΔͳΒ monolith ઃܭʹ͸ microservice ͱ monolith Ͱಉ͡ख๏͕㒊΁ΔɻಘΒΕΔᏈՌ΋ࣅΔ ྫ : refactoring (㘟㕡㙹 architecture)

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ל׆ךNJDSPTFSWJDF؅㒻׌׾־ .

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ל׆ךNJDSPTFSWJDF؅㒻׌׾־ • "-ility" ͷڥ

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ל׆ךNJDSPTFSWJDF؅㒻׌׾־ • "-ility" ͷڥ • business capability ͷڥ • scalability ͷڥ • security ͷڥ

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 ྫ : • 㚒ᨽ • 㘆඼දࣔɾᒾࡧ • ՝ۚ • ग़ՙ

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)] business capability ͷڥ = user ͷٻΊΔ෺ࣄͷڥ • user ͕ҟͳΔ • user ͸ಉ͕ͩ͡ٻΊΔ෺ࣄ͕ҟͳΔ

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͔?

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; cf. Melvin E. Conway "How Do Committees Invent?" 1968

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ૊৫͕㗇㙉 X Λ࣋ͭ => service ͷ㗇㙉͕ X ʹ㖢ෟ͘

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ૊৫͕㗇㙉 X Λ࣋ͭ => service ͷ㗇㙉͕ X ʹ㖢ෟ͘ service ͷ㗇㙉Λ X ʹ͢Δ <= ૊৫ͷ㗇㙉Λ X ʹ͢Δ

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ཧ༝ : 1. team 㕽ͷ communication ͸ team 㚎ͷ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ 2. ։ᚙ (dev) ͱ㕑༻ (ops) ͷᴥᴪ 3. ։ᚙ process ͷதʹᯅΕͨ cost

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ཧ༝ : 1. team ⇭ͷ communication ͸ team ⤨Ƒ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ 2. ։ᚙ (dev) ͱ㕑༻ (ops) ͷᴥᴪ 3. ։ᚙ process ͷதʹᯅΕͨ cost ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ཧ༝ 1 ʹண໨ͯ͠ΙΔ

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 1. team ⇭ͷ communication ͸ team ⤨Ƒ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ service ͷᏓ㒁ʹ͍ͭͯɺ • team Λ㒻͚Δͱ team 㚎 communication ͷ cost ͕ݮΔ (path ͕ݮΔ) • team Λ㒻͚Δͱ team 㕽 communication ͷ cost ͕⃧͑Δ (亣຺ (context) ͕ڞ༗͞ΕͯΙͳ͍)

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 1. team ⇭ͷ communication ͸ team ⤨Ƒ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ service ΛᏓ㒁͢Δࡍͷ team 㕽 communication ʹ͸ɺ • service ͷڞ༗ (Ꮣ㒁͕ࣗݾ׬݁͠ͳ͍) • ਓͷڞ༗ (݉຿)

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ;

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ; Q. 亯㙺?

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ; Q. 亯㙺? A. service શᱪΛΑ͘ɺૉૣ͘Ꮣ㒁͠᠃͚ΔࣄΛ໨ࢦ͢

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CVTJOFTTDBQBCJMJUZס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ; Q. 亯㙺? A. service શᱪΛΑ͘ɺૉૣ͘Ꮣ㒁͠᠃͚ΔࣄΛ໨ࢦ͢ ཧ༝ 2 ͷղܾࡦ (SRE (site reliability engneering)) ɺཧ༝ 3 ͷղܾࡦ (CD (៺᠃㙹 delivery / deploy)) ΋ಉᒬʹɺ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ;

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 scaling • scale up : ߴ͍ੑೳͷ server Λ㒊; <-> scale down • scale out : server ͷᢕᏐΛ⃧΍͢ <-> scale in

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 Kubernetes ͷ pod ͩͱɺ • scale up : VPA (vertical pod autoscaler) • scale out : HPA (horizontal pod autoscaler)

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 The scale cube : service Λ scale out ͢Δࡾख๏ • x ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ ಉ͡໾㕴Ͱ deploy ͢Δ (scale out) • y ࣠ : 㖇ೳ㑌ʹ service Λ㒻㕴͢Δ (microservice) • z ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ deploy ͢Δ͕ɺdeploy ͢Δ server 㑌ʹҟͳΔ໾㕴Λ፦͸ͤΔ

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 x ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ ಉ͡໾㕴Ͱ deploy ͢Δ (scale out)

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 y ࣠ : 㖇ೳ㑌ʹ service Λ㒻㕴͢Δ (microservice)

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 z ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ deploy ͢Δ͕ɺdeploy ͢Δ server 㑌ʹҟͳΔ໾㕴Λ፦͸ͤΔ ྫ : • batch ႔ཧ༻ server Λผ㙾 deploy ͢Δ • gateway Ͱछ㑔㑌ʹ request Λ㒻͚Δ • DB Λਨ㙮㒻㕴͢Δ (ਫ㚻㒻㕴͸ x ࣠) • DB ͷ read replica Λ㗇㙡͢Δ

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TDBMBCJMJUZס㗞 z ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ deploy ͢Δ͕ɺdeploy ͢Δ server 㑌ʹҟͳΔ໾㕴Λ፦͸ͤΔ

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TFDVSJUZס㗞㘒ใ security ͷࡾ㛿ૉ • C : 㖇ີੑ (conﬁdentiality) • I : ׬㙂ੑ (integrity) • A : Մ༻ੑ (availability)

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TFDVSJUZ㖇㳡䓪 DPOEFOUJBMJUZ ס㗞 access ੍ޚ • AWS IAM • Kubernetes ͷ ServiceRoleɺClusterRole • OPA (open policy agent)

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TFDVSJUZ㱭㙂䓪 JOUFHSJUZ ס㗞 • DB ͷ㒻཭ • service 㕽㙳৴ͷ㕆ᥒ㕡

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TFDVSJUZ⺎榫䓪 BWBJMBCJMJUZ ס㗞 ো᛻Λ೾㖎ͤ͞ͳ͍ • fault tolerance • API rate limit • circuit braker ো᛻͔Β伭෮͢Δ • auto healing • back pressure

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NJDSPTFSWJDFDIBTTJT .

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NJDSPTFSWJDFDIBTTJT chassis : γϟʔγɻ࿮૊Έ ͲΜͳ microservice ʹ΋㛿ΔɺԣᏗ㙹ͳ᮫৺ࣄ (cross cutting concern) Λመ᧋͢Δ a.k.a. framework

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NJDSPTFSWJDFDIBTTJT ͲΜͳ microservice ʹ΋㛿ΔɺԣᏗ㙹ͳ᮫৺ࣄ (cross cutting concern) Λመ᧋͢Δ ྫ : • ઃఆͷ㙦ೖ • Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability) • health check • graceful shutdown • error handling • debug • service discovery • service 㕽㚒ᨽɾ㚒Մ

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NJDSPTFSWJDFDIBTTJT ͲΜͳ microservice ʹ΋㛿ΔɺԣᏗ㙹ͳ᮫৺ࣄ (cross cutting concern) Λመ᧋͢Δ መ᧋ྫ : • Sprint Boot + Spring Cloud • nytimes/gizmo

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⺎鈴峮䓪 PCTFSWBCJMJUZ .

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⺎鈴峮䓪 PCTFSWBCJMJUZ service ͷᕝ͍ͨͨ͠ੑ࣭ : • Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability) : ᧺ଌ͔Β service ͷ㐫ଶΛਪଌͰ͖Δ • Մ੍ޚੑ (controllability) : service Λ㛕Ή㐫ଶʹᏓ㒁Ͱ͖Δ • ҆ఆੑ (stability) : service ͷ㐫ଶ͸Ұఆͷൣᅴʹཹ·Δ

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⺎鈴峮䓪 PCTFSWBCJMJUZ Մ᧺ଌੑͷࡾ㚋㖥 : • metric (ྫ : Prometheusɺ Mackerel :-)) • tracing (APM (application performance monitoring)ɺ㒻ࢄ tracing) • logging (㗇㙉㕡 logɺहूɺ㒻ੳ)

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ .

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ service ͸ service ͱ㙳৴͢Δ

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ 㙳৴ํࣜنଇͷྫ : • HTTP • message broker (Amazon SQSɺAmazon SNSɺGoogle Cloud Pub/SubɺKafkaɺNATSɺAMQP) • GraphQL • gRPC

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ 㙳৴㚎༰نଇͷྫ : • OpenAPI • GraphQL • gRPC

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ => schema ﬁrst 㙳৴㚎༰نଇͷྫ : • OpenAPI • GraphQL • gRPC

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ => schema ﬁrst schema ﬁrst ʹ͢Δͱɺ • ։ᚙ㐥㕽ͷ communication cost ͕Լ͕Δ • schema Λ㒊ͬͯ test Ͱ͖Δ schema ͸㛿ٻ service ͱఏڙ service ͷڞ༗ࢿݯ (ཧ༝ 3 : ڞ༗ࢿݯͳͷͰ CD (៺᠃㙹 delivery) ͢Δͷ͕㛕·͍͠)

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ

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TFSWJDF㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ container (ྫ : containerd) ͱ orchestrator (ྫ : Kubernetes) ͸ɺ႔ཧ㕹ڥ (service 㕹ڥ : ops) ͔Β႔ཧ㚎༰ (service 㚎 ༰ : dev) Λந৅ͨ͠ ͔͠͠㙳৴㕹ڥ (service 㕽㕹ڥ) ͔Β㙳৴㚎༰ (service 㕽㚎༰) ͷந৅ (ྫ : Kubernetes' sevice) ͸ෆॆ㒻

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TFSWJDFNFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ 㖇ೳͷྫ : • ၊૝ service • load balancing • timeoutɺretry • health checkɺcircuit braker • fault injection • 㕆ᥒ㕡ɺ㚒ᨽ • deploy ؅ཧ (A/B testingɺcanary releaseɺrollout (linearɺB/G (Blue/Green))) •

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TFSWJDFNFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ • data plane : proxy ͷಇ͖ • control plane : proxy Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ

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TFSWJDFNFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ Q. proxy ࣗᱪ͸ container Ͱಈ͘ඞ㛿͕͋Γ·͔͢?

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TFSWJDFNFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ Q. proxy ࣗᱪ͸ container Ͱಈ͘ඞ㛿͕͋Γ·͔͢? A. ͍͍͑ɻመࡍͷ network 㖇ೳ΍ topology Λந৅͠౷Ұ㙹ʹ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚͰ͖Ε͹ཧ࿦্͸ɺΑΓ native ͳ software ΍ kernel ΍ bare metal Ͱመ᧋͢Δࣄ΋ՄೳͰ͢ɻSDN (software deﬁned networking) ͸ͦͷࢼΈͱ΋ ݴ΁·͢

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TFSWJDFNFTI መ᧋ྫ : • Istio • Consul Connect (on Nomad) • Linkerd

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TFSWJDFNFTI መ᧋ྫ : • Istio <- ࠓၼ㒊;ͷ͸͜Ε • Consul Connect • Linkerd

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*TUJP • data plane : Envoy proxy • control plane : istiod

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*TUJP control plane ͷಇ͖ • data plane Λ㗇㙡͢Δ : sidecar injection • data plane Λઃఆ͢Δ : Envoy ͷઃఆΛ࡞Γɺઃఆ͢Δ • data plane ͔Βͷ໰ͻ߹͸ͤʹ౴΁Δ : ઃఆʹදͤͳ͍ Envoy ͷ੍ޚ • data plane Λ᧺ଌ͢Δ : Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability)

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*TUJP • data plane Λ㗇㙡͢Δ : sidecar injection

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*TUJP • data plane Λઃఆ͢Δ : Envoy ͷઃఆΛ࡞Γɺઃఆ͢Δ • data plane ͔Βͷ໰ͻ߹͸ͤʹ౴΁Δ : ઃఆʹදͤͳ͍ Envoy ͷ੍ޚ

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*TUJP • data plane Λ᧺ଌ͢Δ : Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability)

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼 .

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼 microservice ͸ଞͷ microservice ʹґଘ͢Δ [microservice] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [microservice]

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼 software = data + ႔ཧ data ͷ㕅ͻ͸ read ͱ write ʹ㒻͚ΒΕΔ (cf. CQRS (command query ੹຿㒻཭)) • read : [microservice] <-(data ΛᩇΈग़͢)- [microservice] • write : [microservice] <-(data Λอଘͤ͞Δ)- [microservice]

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼SFBE read : [microservice] <-(data ΛᩇΈग़͢)- [microservice] • API composition • materialized view • ڞ༗ DB

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼SFBE API composition ଞͷ service ͔ΒɺAPI Λ㙳ͯ͠ data Λऔಘ͠ɺ૊Έ߹͸ͤͯ㒊; ΄ͱΜͲͷ৔߹ʹ㙺͢Δ

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼SFBE API composition ࣅͨख๏ : • API gateway : API composition Λߦ;ሢ༻ͷ microservice • BFF (backend for frontend) : ಛఆͷ frontend ޲͚ͷ API gateway

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼SFBE materialized view ᩇΈऔΓሢ༻ͷ view Λ࡞Δ ʮmicroserviceʯಉ࢜͸ີ݁߹ɻಉ͡ team ͕ᩇΈ / 㘃͖ၷํͷ microservice Λ㘂༗͢ΔͳΒ㓂ར

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼SFBE ڞ༗ DB data ͕อଘ͞ΕͯΙΔ DB ʹ㙮઀ᩇΈग़͠ʹΏ͘ DB ͸㚎ᢒɻ㚎ᢒ͔Β㙮઀㘗ࣄΛᢛ΁Δ΍͏ͳ΋ͷɻ͋ΒΏΔࠔ㐾Λ᧷ޛͯ͠㗘༻͠Α͏

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼XSJUF write : [microservice] <-(data Λอଘͤ͞Δ)- [microservice] • event sourcing • TCC (try-conﬁrm / cancel) • saga • ڞ༗ DB

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼XSJUF event sourcing 㐫ଶΛᏓ㒁 event ͷूੵͱͯ͠ද͸͢ɻmessage broker ͷՄ༻ੑ͕ߴ͚Ε͹ɺ֤ service ͷো᛻ʹӨ伖͞Εʹ ͍͘

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㒻丆EBUB畘杼XSJUF TCC (try-conﬁrm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel a.k.a. ೋ૬ commit Ұൠ㙹ʹ͸ DBMS (database management system) ʹෟሱ͢Δ transaction 㖇ೳΛ㒊;͕ɺͦΕʹݶΒͳ͍ Մ༻ੑʹ㐾͋Γ