はてなリモートインターン2021 マイクロサービス 講義資料

https://hatenacorp.jp/recruit/intern/2021

Transcript

1. ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε microservice #hatenaintern2021
2. 泘㗧 • microservice • Ͳ͜Ͱ microservice Λ㒻㕴͢Δ͔? • microservice chassis • Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability) • service 㕽㙳৴ • 㒻ࢄ data ؅ཧ • micro frontend • microservice ͷ release
3. NJDSPTFSWJDF .
4. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service
5. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ
6. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service :
7. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford)
8. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford)
9. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford) [user needs] <-(provides something)- [system (= service)]
10. NJDSPTFSWJDF micro + service micro- : খ͞ͳ service : a system that provides something that the public needs, organized by the government or a private company (Oxford) [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)]
11. TFSWJDF ྫ :
12. TFSWJDF ྫ : ͸ͯͳϦϞʔτΠϯλʔϯγοϓ 2021 [Πϯλʔϯੜͷօ͞Μ] <-(contents)- [͸ͯͳϦϞʔτΠϯλʔϯγοϓ 2021]
13. TFSWJDF ྫ : ͸ͯͳϒϩά [user] <-(ϒϩάͷ㕑ᅎ)- [͸ͯͳϒϩά]
14. TFSWJDF user ʹ෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ࢓૊Έ (service)
15. TFSWJDF খ͞ͳ࢓૊Έ (service) Λ૊Έ߹͸ͤͯେ͖ͳ࢓૊Έ (service) Λ࡞Δ
16. TFSWJDF service ͷதͰ͸ᒬʑͳ process (OS process, goroutine, OOP class instance, etc.) ͕ಈ͍ͯΙΔ .
17. TFSWJDF service ͷதͰ͸ᒬʑͳ process (OS process, goroutine, OOP class instance, etc.) ͕ಈ͍ͯΙΔ [ଞͷ process ͔Βͷೖྗ] <-(ܭࢉ΍ख᠃͖)- [process = (service)]
18. TFSWJDF OOP class instance Λ "service" ͱݺͿྫ cf. PoEAA p.133, p.139 "Service Layer"
19. TFSWJDF service ͷதͰ͸ᒬʑͳ process (OS process, goroutine, OOP class instance, etc.) ͕ಈ͍ͯΙΔ [ଞͷ process ͔Βͷೖྗ] <-(ܭࢉ΍ख᠃͖)- [process = (service)]
20. TFSWJDF service ͷೖΕࢠ͕㒁ʹ᠃͘৔߹΋͋Δ
21. TFSWJDF service ͷதʹ service ͕͋ͬͯɺதͷ service ͕ deploy ͢ΔᄸҐͰ΋͋Δ৔߹ɺதͷ service Λ microservice ͱݺͿ
22. TFSWJDF Q. ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͔͢?
23. TFSWJDF [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)]
24. TFSWJDF [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)] user ͱ࢓૊Έ͸نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯ΍ΓऔΓ͢Δ
25. TFSWJDF [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)] user ͱ࢓૊Έ͸نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯ΍ΓऔΓ͢Δ ྫ : • menu ʹԊͬͯḼ亣͠୅ۚΛ፫; <- 㘆඼Λ㗵͚౉͢ • HTTP request <- HTTP response
26. TFSWJDF microservice ͷ㑔ޠ : SOA (service oriented architecture)
27. TFSWJDF microservice ͷ㑔ޠ : SOA (service oriented architecture) Amazon @ 2002 1)͜ͷ࣌఺ΑΓɺશͯͷνʔϜ͸αʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡શͯͷσʔλͱػೳΛެ։͢Δ͜ͱɻ 2)֤νʔϜ͸֤ʑͦͷΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡௨৴͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻ 3)ͦͷଞͷશͯͷϓϩηεؒ௨৴͸ڐՄ͞Εͳ͍ɻμΠϨΫτϦϯΫɺଞͷνʔϜͷσʔλιʔε͔Β௚઀ σʔλΛಡΉ͜ͱɺϝϞϦڞ༗ϞσϧɺόοΫυΞɺશͯΛې͡ΔɻωοτϫʔΫӽ͠ͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔ ϑΣʔεΛܦ༝ͨ͠௨৴͚͕ͩڐՄ͞ΕΔɻ 4)࢖༻͢Δٕज़͸໰Θͳ͍ɻ HTTP ɺ Corba ɺ Pubsub ɺ ΧελϜϓϩτίϧɺԿͰ΋ྑ͍ɻ Bezos ͸ؾʹ ͠ͳ͍ɻ 5)શͯͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸ɺྫ֎ͳ͘ɺ֎෦ʹެ։ՄೳͳΑ͏ʹθϩ͔Βઃܭ͞Εͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ ͍ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺνʔϜ͸શੈքͷσϕϩούʹ޲͚ͯΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛެ։͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ɺઃܭ ͠ɺܭը͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻྫ֎͸ແ͍ɻ Steve Yegge ͷ Google ͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹؔ͢ΔͿͬͪΌ͚࿩Λ༁ͨ͠ʢલฤʣ
28. TFSWJDF microservice ͷ㑔ޠ : SOA (service oriented architecture) Amazon @ 2002 1)͜ͷ࣌఺ΑΓɺશͯͷνʔϜ͸ αʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡શͯͷσʔλͱػೳΛެ։͢Δ ͜ͱɻ 2)֤νʔϜ͸֤ʑ ͦͷΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛ௨ͯ͡௨৴͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ɻ 3)ͦͷଞͷશͯͷϓϩηεؒ௨৴͸ڐՄ͞Εͳ͍ɻμΠϨΫτϦϯΫɺଞͷνʔϜͷσʔλιʔε͔Β௚઀ σʔλΛಡΉ͜ͱɺϝϞϦڞ༗ϞσϧɺόοΫυΞɺશͯΛې͡ΔɻωοτϫʔΫӽ͠ͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔ ϑΣʔεΛܦ༝ͨ͠௨৴͚͕ͩڐՄ͞ΕΔɻ 4)࢖༻͢Δٕज़͸໰Θͳ͍ɻ HTTP ɺ Corba ɺ Pubsub ɺ ΧελϜϓϩτίϧɺԿͰ΋ྑ͍ɻ Bezos ͸ؾʹ ͠ͳ͍ɻ 5)શͯͷαʔϏεΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸ɺྫ֎ͳ͘ɺ֎෦ʹެ։ՄೳͳΑ͏ʹθϩ͔Βઃܭ͞Εͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ ͍ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺνʔϜ͸શੈքͷσϕϩούʹ޲͚ͯΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛެ։͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ɺઃܭ ͠ɺܭը͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻྫ֎͸ແ͍ɻ Steve Yegge ͷ Google ͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹؔ͢ΔͿͬͪΌ͚࿩Λ༁ͨ͠ʢલฤʣ
29. TFSWJDF Q. ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͔͢? .
30. TFSWJDF Q. ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͔͢? A. ͍͍͑ɻ͜Ε͸ service Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜɻuser ͱ࢓૊Έ͸نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯ΍ΓऔΓͯ͠Ι·ͤΜ
31. TFSWJDF user ͱ࢓૊Έͷ㕽ʹ͸௨৴࿏͕͋Δ
32. TFSWJDF 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ
33. NPOPMJUI microservice ͷሣٛޠ͸ monolith monolith : Ұຕؠ
34. NPOPMJUI microservice ʹ͓͍ͯɺservice ͷ user ͸ଞͷ service [user service] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [provider service]
35. NPOPMJUI service 㚎ͷ process ΍ OOP class instance ͕ɺଞͷ process ΍ OOP class instance Λ user ͱͯ͠෺ࣄΛఏڙ ͯ͠ΙΕ͹ɺ͜ΕΒ΋ service ͱݟ၏ͤΔ [user class] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [provider class]
36. NPOPMJUI service 㚎ͷ process ΍ OOP class instance ͕ɺଞͷ process ΍ OOP class instance Λ user ͱͯ͠෺ࣄΛఏڙ ͯ͠ΙΕ͹ɺ͜ΕΒ΋ service ͱݟ၏ͤΔ Ͱ͸ process ͸ microservice Ͱͤ͏͔?
37. NPOPMJUI microservice ʹԙ͚Δݸʑͷ service ͸ deploy ᄸҐ • ᘐཱʹ deploy ͢ΔͷͳΒ microservice • వΊͯ deploy ͢ΔͳΒ monolith ઃܭʹ͸ microservice ͱ monolith Ͱಉ͡ख๏͕㒊΁ΔɻಘΒΕΔᏈՌ΋ࣅΔ ྫ : refactoring (㘟㕡㙹 architecture)
38. ל׆ך
    NJDSPTFSWJDF
    ؅㒻׌׾־ .
39. ל׆ך
    NJDSPTFSWJDF
    ؅㒻׌׾־ • "-ility" ͷڥ
40. ל׆ך
    NJDSPTFSWJDF
    ؅㒻׌׾־ • "-ility" ͷڥ • business capability ͷڥ • scalability ͷڥ • security ͷڥ
41. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ྫ : • 㚒ᨽ • 㘆඼දࣔɾᒾࡧ • ՝ۚ • ग़ՙ
42. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 [user ͷٻΊ] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [࢓૊Έ (= service)] business capability ͷڥ = user ͷٻΊΔ෺ࣄͷڥ • user ͕ҟͳΔ • user ͸ಉ͕ͩ͡ٻΊΔ෺ࣄ͕ҟͳΔ
43. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͔?
44. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; cf. Melvin E. Conway "How Do Committees Invent?" 1968
45. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ૊৫͕㗇㙉 X Λ࣋ͭ => service ͷ㗇㙉͕ X ʹ㖢ෟ͘
46. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ૊৫͕㗇㙉 X Λ࣋ͭ => service ͷ㗇㙉͕ X ʹ㖢ෟ͘ service ͷ㗇㙉Λ X ʹ͢Δ <= ૊৫ͷ㗇㙉Λ X ʹ͢Δ
47. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ཧ༝ : 1. team 㕽ͷ communication ͸ team 㚎ͷ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ 2. ։ᚙ (dev) ͱ㕑༻ (ops) ͷᴥᴪ 3. ։ᚙ process ͷதʹᯅΕͨ cost
48. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 Conway ͷ๏ଇ : service ͷ㗇㙉͸૊৫ͷ㗇㙉ʹኺ; ཧ༝ : 1. team ⇭ͷ communication ͸ team ⤨Ƒ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ 2. ։ᚙ (dev) ͱ㕑༻ (ops) ͷᴥᴪ 3. ։ᚙ process ͷதʹᯅΕͨ cost ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ཧ༝ 1 ʹண໨ͯ͠ΙΔ
49. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 1. team ⇭ͷ communication ͸ team ⤨Ƒ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ service ͷᏓ㒁ʹ͍ͭͯɺ • team Λ㒻͚Δͱ team 㚎 communication ͷ cost ͕ݮΔ (path ͕ݮΔ) • team Λ㒻͚Δͱ team 㕽 communication ͷ cost ͕⃧͑Δ (亣຺ (context) ͕ڞ༗͞ΕͯΙͳ͍)
50. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 1. team ⇭ͷ communication ͸ team ⤨Ƒ communication ΑΓࠔ㐾Ͱ͋Δ service ΛᏓ㒁͢Δࡍͷ team 㕽 communication ʹ͸ɺ • service ͷڞ༗ (Ꮣ㒁͕ࣗݾ׬݁͠ͳ͍) • ਓͷڞ༗ (݉຿)
51. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ;
52. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ; Q. 亯㙺?
53. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ; Q. 亯㙺? A. service શᱪΛΑ͘ɺૉૣ͘Ꮣ㒁͠᠃͚ΔࣄΛ໨ࢦ͢
54. CVTJOFTT
    DBQBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ʮservice Λ㒻͚ΔͳΒ team Λ㒻͚Δʯ͸ɺҎ্ͷ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ; Q. 亯㙺? A. service શᱪΛΑ͘ɺૉૣ͘Ꮣ㒁͠᠃͚ΔࣄΛ໨ࢦ͢ ཧ༝ 2 ͷղܾࡦ (SRE (site reliability engneering)) ɺཧ༝ 3 ͷղܾࡦ (CD (៺᠃㙹 delivery / deploy)) ΋ಉᒬʹɺ cost ⃧ݮʹ᮫ͯ͠亯㙺ͳͱ͜ΖΛݟෟ͚ͯߦ;
55. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 scaling • scale up : ߴ͍ੑೳͷ server Λ㒊; <-> scale down • scale out : server ͷᢕᏐΛ⃧΍͢ <-> scale in
56. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 Kubernetes ͷ pod ͩͱɺ • scale up : VPA (vertical pod autoscaler) • scale out : HPA (horizontal pod autoscaler)
57. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 The scale cube : service Λ scale out ͢Δࡾख๏ • x ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ ಉ͡໾㕴Ͱ deploy ͢Δ (scale out) • y ࣠ : 㖇ೳ㑌ʹ service Λ㒻㕴͢Δ (microservice) • z ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ deploy ͢Δ͕ɺdeploy ͢Δ server 㑌ʹҟͳΔ໾㕴Λ፦͸ͤΔ
58. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 x ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ ಉ͡໾㕴Ͱ deploy ͢Δ (scale out)
59. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 y ࣠ : 㖇ೳ㑌ʹ service Λ㒻㕴͢Δ (microservice)
60. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 z ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ deploy ͢Δ͕ɺdeploy ͢Δ server 㑌ʹҟͳΔ໾㕴Λ፦͸ͤΔ ྫ : • batch ႔ཧ༻ server Λผ㙾 deploy ͢Δ • gateway Ͱछ㑔㑌ʹ request Λ㒻͚Δ • DB Λਨ㙮㒻㕴͢Δ (ਫ㚻㒻㕴͸ x ࣠) • DB ͷ read replica Λ㗇㙡͢Δ
61. TDBMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 z ࣠ : ಉ͡ service Λ deploy ͢Δ͕ɺdeploy ͢Δ server 㑌ʹҟͳΔ໾㕴Λ፦͸ͤΔ
62. TFDVSJUZ
    ס㗞 㘒ใ security ͷࡾ㛿ૉ • C : 㖇ີੑ (confidentiality) • I : ׬㙂ੑ (integrity) • A : Մ༻ੑ (availability)
63. TFDVSJUZ
    
    㖇㳡䓪
    DPOEFOUJBMJUZ
    ס㗞 access ੍ޚ • AWS IAM • Kubernetes ͷ ServiceRoleɺClusterRole • OPA (open policy agent)
64. TFDVSJUZ
    
    㱭㙂䓪
    JOUFHSJUZ
    ס㗞 • DB ͷ㒻཭ • service 㕽㙳৴ͷ㕆ᥒ㕡
65. TFDVSJUZ
    
    ⺎榫䓪
    BWBJMBCJMJUZ
    ס㗞 ো᛻Λ೾㖎ͤ͞ͳ͍ • fault tolerance • API rate limit • circuit braker ো᛻͔Β伭෮͢Δ • auto healing • back pressure
66. NJDSPTFSWJDF
    DIBTTJT .
67. NJDSPTFSWJDF
    DIBTTJT chassis : γϟʔγɻ࿮૊Έ ͲΜͳ microservice ʹ΋㛿ΔɺԣᏗ㙹ͳ᮫৺ࣄ (cross cutting concern) Λመ᧋͢Δ a.k.a. framework
68. NJDSPTFSWJDF
    DIBTTJT ͲΜͳ microservice ʹ΋㛿ΔɺԣᏗ㙹ͳ᮫৺ࣄ (cross cutting concern) Λመ᧋͢Δ ྫ : • ઃఆͷ㙦ೖ • Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability) • health check • graceful shutdown • error handling • debug • service discovery • service 㕽㚒ᨽɾ㚒Մ
69. NJDSPTFSWJDF
    DIBTTJT ͲΜͳ microservice ʹ΋㛿ΔɺԣᏗ㙹ͳ᮫৺ࣄ (cross cutting concern) Λመ᧋͢Δ መ᧋ྫ : • Sprint Boot + Spring Cloud • nytimes/gizmo
70. ⺎鈴峮䓪
    PCTFSWBCJMJUZ .
71. ⺎鈴峮䓪
    PCTFSWBCJMJUZ service ͷᕝ͍ͨͨ͠ੑ࣭ : • Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability) : ᧺ଌ͔Β service ͷ㐫ଶΛਪଌͰ͖Δ • Մ੍ޚੑ (controllability) : service Λ㛕Ή㐫ଶʹᏓ㒁Ͱ͖Δ • ҆ఆੑ (stability) : service ͷ㐫ଶ͸Ұఆͷൣᅴʹཹ·Δ
72. ⺎鈴峮䓪
    PCTFSWBCJMJUZ Մ᧺ଌੑͷࡾ㚋㖥 : • metric (ྫ : Prometheusɺ Mackerel :-)) • tracing (APM (application performance monitoring)ɺ㒻ࢄ tracing) • logging (㗇㙉㕡 logɺहूɺ㒻ੳ)
73. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ .
74. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ service ͸ service ͱ㙳৴͢Δ
75. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ
76. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ
77. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ 㙳৴ํࣜنଇͷྫ : • HTTP • message broker (Amazon SQSɺAmazon SNSɺGoogle Cloud Pub/SubɺKafkaɺNATSɺAMQP) • GraphQL • gRPC
78. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ 㙳৴㚎༰نଇͷྫ : • OpenAPI • GraphQL • gRPC
79. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ => schema first 㙳৴㚎༰نଇͷྫ : • OpenAPI • GraphQL • gRPC
80. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ ઌʹنଇ (protocol) ΛܾΊΔͱɺ㙳৴ઌͷ service Λᔅʹͤͣ։ᚙͰ͖Δ => schema first schema first ʹ͢Δͱɺ • ։ᚙ㐥㕽ͷ communication cost ͕Լ͕Δ • schema Λ㒊ͬͯ test Ͱ͖Δ schema ͸㛿ٻ service ͱఏڙ service ͷڞ༗ࢿݯ (ཧ༝ 3 : ڞ༗ࢿݯͳͷͰ CD (៺᠃㙹 delivery) ͢Δͷ͕㛕·͍͠)
81. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ
82. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ container (ྫ : containerd) ͱ orchestrator (ྫ : Kubernetes) ͸ɺ႔ཧ㕹ڥ (service 㕹ڥ : ops) ͔Β႔ཧ㚎༰ (service 㚎 ༰ : dev) Λந৅ͨ͠ ͔͠͠㙳৴㕹ڥ (service 㕽㕹ڥ) ͔Β㙳৴㚎༰ (service 㕽㚎༰) ͷந৅ (ྫ : Kubernetes' sevice) ͸ෆॆ㒻
83. TFSWJDF
    㕽㙳⟓ 㙳৴͕نଇ (protocol) ʹኺͬͯΙΕ͹ɺ㙳৴࿏͸ந৅Ͱ͖Δ container (ྫ : containerd) ͱ orchestrator (ྫ : Kubernetes) ͸ɺ႔ཧ㕹ڥ (service 㕹ڥ : ops) ͔Β႔ཧ㚎༰ (service 㚎 ༰ : dev) Λந৅ͨ͠ ͔͠͠㙳৴㕹ڥ (service 㕽㕹ڥ) ͔Β㙳৴㚎༰ (service 㕽㚎༰) ͷந৅ (ྫ : Kubernetes' sevice) ͸ෆॆ㒻 => service mesh
84. TFSWJDF
    NFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ 㖇ೳͷྫ : • ၊૝ service • load balancing • timeoutɺretry • health checkɺcircuit braker • fault injection • 㕆ᥒ㕡ɺ㚒ᨽ • deploy ؅ཧ (A/B testingɺcanary releaseɺrollout (linearɺB/G (Blue/Green))) •
85. TFSWJDF
    NFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ • data plane : proxy ͷಇ͖ • control plane : proxy Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ
86. TFSWJDF
    NFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ Q. proxy ࣗᱪ͸ container Ͱಈ͘ඞ㛿͕͋Γ·͔͢?
87. TFSWJDF
    NFTI service ͸ଞͷ service ͱ㙮઀㙳৴͠ͳ͍ɻ㕽ʹ proxy ͕ೖΓɺproxy ͕㙳৴Λ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚ͢Δ Q. proxy ࣗᱪ͸ container Ͱಈ͘ඞ㛿͕͋Γ·͔͢? A. ͍͍͑ɻመࡍͷ network 㖇ೳ΍ topology Λந৅͠౷Ұ㙹ʹ᧺ଌɾ੍ޚͰ͖Ε͹ཧ࿦্͸ɺΑΓ native ͳ software ΍ kernel ΍ bare metal Ͱመ᧋͢Δࣄ΋ՄೳͰ͢ɻSDN (software defined networking) ͸ͦͷࢼΈͱ΋ ݴ΁·͢
88. TFSWJDF
    NFTI መ᧋ྫ : • Istio • Consul Connect (on Nomad) • Linkerd
89. TFSWJDF
    NFTI መ᧋ྫ : • Istio <- ࠓၼ㒊;ͷ͸͜Ε • Consul Connect • Linkerd
90. *TUJP • data plane : Envoy proxy • control plane : istiod
91. *TUJP control plane ͷಇ͖ • data plane Λ㗇㙡͢Δ : sidecar injection • data plane Λઃఆ͢Δ : Envoy ͷઃఆΛ࡞Γɺઃఆ͢Δ • data plane ͔Βͷ໰ͻ߹͸ͤʹ౴΁Δ : ઃఆʹදͤͳ͍ Envoy ͷ੍ޚ • data plane Λ᧺ଌ͢Δ : Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability)
92. *TUJP • data plane Λ㗇㙡͢Δ : sidecar injection
93. *TUJP • data plane Λઃఆ͢Δ : Envoy ͷઃఆΛ࡞Γɺઃఆ͢Δ • data plane ͔Βͷ໰ͻ߹͸ͤʹ౴΁Δ : ઃఆʹදͤͳ͍ Envoy ͷ੍ޚ
94. *TUJP • data plane Λ᧺ଌ͢Δ : Մ᧺ଌੑ (observability)
95. 㒻丆
    EBUB
    畘杼 .
96. 㒻丆
    EBUB
    畘杼 microservice ͸ଞͷ microservice ʹґଘ͢Δ [microservice] <-(෺ࣄΛఏڙ͢Δ)- [microservice]
97. 㒻丆
    EBUB
    畘杼 software = data + ႔ཧ data ͷ㕅ͻ͸ read ͱ write ʹ㒻͚ΒΕΔ (cf. CQRS (command query ੹຿㒻཭)) • read : [microservice] <-(data ΛᩇΈग़͢)- [microservice] • write : [microservice] <-(data Λอଘͤ͞Δ)- [microservice]
98. 㒻丆
    EBUB
    畘杼
    
    SFBE read : [microservice] <-(data ΛᩇΈग़͢)- [microservice] • API composition • materialized view • ڞ༗ DB
99. 㒻丆
    EBUB
    畘杼
    
    SFBE API composition ଞͷ service ͔ΒɺAPI Λ㙳ͯ͠ data Λऔಘ͠ɺ૊Έ߹͸ͤͯ㒊; ΄ͱΜͲͷ৔߹ʹ㙺͢Δ
100. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     SFBE API composition ࣅͨख๏ : • API gateway : API composition Λߦ;ሢ༻ͷ microservice • BFF (backend for frontend) : ಛఆͷ frontend ޲͚ͷ API gateway
101. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     SFBE materialized view ᩇΈऔΓሢ༻ͷ view Λ࡞Δ ʮmicroserviceʯಉ࢜͸ີ݁߹ɻಉ͡ team ͕ᩇΈ / 㘃͖ၷํͷ microservice Λ㘂༗͢ΔͳΒ㓂ར
102. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     SFBE ڞ༗ DB data ͕อଘ͞ΕͯΙΔ DB ʹ㙮઀ᩇΈग़͠ʹΏ͘ DB ͸㚎ᢒɻ㚎ᢒ͔Β㙮઀㘗ࣄΛᢛ΁Δ΍͏ͳ΋ͷɻ͋ΒΏΔࠔ㐾Λ᧷ޛͯ͠㗘༻͠Α͏
103. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF write : [microservice] <-(data Λอଘͤ͞Δ)- [microservice] • event sourcing • TCC (try-confirm / cancel) • saga • ڞ༗ DB
104. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF event sourcing 㐫ଶΛᏓ㒁 event ͷूੵͱͯ͠ද͸͢ɻmessage broker ͷՄ༻ੑ͕ߴ͚Ε͹ɺ֤ service ͷো᛻ʹӨ伖͞Εʹ ͍͘
105. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel a.k.a. ೋ૬ commit Ұൠ㙹ʹ͸ DBMS (database management system) ʹෟሱ͢Δ transaction 㖇ೳΛ㒊;͕ɺͦΕʹݶΒͳ͍ Մ༻ੑʹ㐾͋Γ
106. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
107. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
108. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
109. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
110. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
111. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
112. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
113. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF TCC (try-confirm / cancel) ΍ͬͯΈͯɺΈΜͳΑ͚Ε͹อଘɺ୭͔ବ໨ͳΒ cancel
114. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF saga ׬݁ͨ͠ transaction Λ૊Έ߹͸ͤͯෳᏐͷ DB ΛᏓ㒁͢Δ transaction ͕ࣦഊͨ͠Βɺ㖅ʹመߦͨ͠ transaction Λଧͪ㘌͢ิঈ transaction Λመߦͯ͠ rollback ͢Δɻิ ঈ transaction ͸֬መʹመߦͰ͖Δᗣɺႈ౳ʹ͠ retry ՄೳͰͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍
115. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF saga ׬݁ͨ͠ transaction Λ૊Έ߹͸ͤͯෳᏐͷ DB ΛᏓ㒁͢Δ • choreography based saga • orchestration based saga
116. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF choreography based saga ֤ service ͕ࣗ཯㙹ʹ message Λ΍ΓऔΓͯ͠ɺ݁Ռ㙹ʹ㙂ᱪͷ㒁৽͕ඇಉ㖆ʹߦ͸ΕΔ
117. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF choreography based saga ࣦഊͨ͠Βิঈ transaction Λٯၚ೻͢Δ
118. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF choreography based saga ࣦഊͨ͠Βิঈ transaction Λٯၚ೻͢Δ
119. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF orchestration based saga saga ͷ㙂㕥㙸Λ҃Δ service ͕ಉ㖆㙹ʹ؂ಜ͢Δ TCC ͱ΄΅ಉ͡
120. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF orchestration based saga ࣦഊͨ͠Βิঈ transaction Λመߦ͢Δ
121. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF orchestration based saga ࣦഊͨ͠Βิঈ transaction Λመߦ͢Δ
122. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼
     
     XSJUF ڞ༗ DB ಉ͡ DB ΛᩇΈ㘃͖͢Δ DB ͸㚎ᢒɻ㚎ᢒΛڞ༗͢Δ΍͏ͳ΋ͷɻ᧷ޛ͸͍͍͔?
123. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼 CAP ఆཧ : ҎԼͷࡾᑍ݅Λಉ࣌ʹ׬શʹ㙘㘫Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • Ұ؏ੑ (consistency) • Մ༻ੑ (availability) • network 㒻Ꮧ଱ੑ (partition tolerance)
124. 㒻丆
     EBUB
     畘杼 CAP ఆཧ : ҎԼͷࡾᑍ݅Λಉ࣌ʹ׬શʹ㙘㘫Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • Ұ؏ੑ (consistency) • Մ༻ੑ (availability) • network 㒻Ꮧ଱ੑ (partition tolerance) BASE : ෦෼తʹͰ͋Ε͹ CAP ͸ಉ࣌ʹ㙘㘫Ͱ͖Δ (<-> ACID (ݪࢠੑ (atomicity)ɺҰ؏ੑ (consistemcy)ɺᘐཱੑ (isolation)ɺӬ᠃ ੑ (durability))) • Basically Available • Soft-state • ݁Ռ੔߹ੑ (Eventually consistent)
125. NJDSP
     GSPOUFOE .
126. NJDSP
     GSPOUFOE microservice Λ։ᚙ͢Δ team ͕ɺ֘ᙛ͢Δ frontend ΋։ᚙ͢Δ ͍҃͸ business capability ʹԊͬͯ frontend ͚ͩ㒻㕴ͯ͠͠·; < microservice Ͱߦͬͨͷͱಉٞ͡࿦
127. NJDSP
     GSPOUFOE 㒻㕴ख๏ : • page 㙂ᱪΛఏڙ͢Δ (route-based code splitting) • component Λఏڙ͢Δ (ྫ : React componentɺCSS in JSɺCSS Module) • error ͸ด͡㗓ΊΔ
128. NJDSP
     GSPOUFOE
     㕽㙳⟓ • frontend ಉ࢜͸㙳৴ͤͣɺbackend Λհ͢Δ • URL ͷ query string Λհ͢Δɻpage ͕㒻͔ΕͯΙΔͳΒ༗༻ • property Λհͯ͠౉͢ (ྫ : React propertyɺDOM attribute) • event emitter • 㐫ଶΛڞ༗͢Δ (ڞ༗ DB ͱಉ͡ࠔ㐾Λ᧷ޛ͢Δ) (ྫ : Redux Λڞ༗)
129. NJDSP
     GSPOUFOE 㒻㕴ͨ͠΋ͷΛ഑৴͢Δख๏ : • 㙂͘ҟͳΔ Web site ͱͯ͠㗇㙡͢Δ • bundling (ྫ : Webpack) • backend Ͱ૊Έ߹͸ͤΔ (ྫ : SSI (server-side includes)ɺESI (edge-side includes)) • lazy load (ྫ : loadable-componentsɺdynamic import)
130. NJDSP
     GSPOUFOE backend ։ᚙͱ frontend ։ᚙͰҟͳΔ㒻㕴Λߦ;ͳΒɺ => BFF (backend for frontend) : ಛఆͷ frontend ޲͚ͷ API gateway
131. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF .
132. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF release Λࡾͭʹ㒻͚Δ : build + deploy + release
133. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF release Λࡾͭʹ㒻͚Δ : build + deploy + release • canary release • B/G (Blue/Green) deloyment • feature toggle
134. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF canary release Ұ෦ͷ user ʹઌߦͯ͠ release ͢Δ
135. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF B/G (Blue/Green) deployment ৽ᢜၷํΛڞʹ deploy ͔ͯ͠Β release Λ੾Γସ΁Δ
136. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF feature toggle deploy ͢ΕͲ΋ release ͤͣ
137. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF 㒻ࢄ system Ͱ͸೗ԿͳΔ release खॱͰ΋ɺ2 version ͕ᝀཱ͠͏Δ
138. NJDSPTFSWJDF
     ס
     SFMFBTF 㒻ࢄ system Ͱ͸೗ԿͳΔ release खॱͰ΋ɺ2 version ͕ᝀཱ͠͏Δ ሣࡦ : • ޙํޓ׵ੑΛอͭ • API versioning ʹͯ৽ API Λᢜ client ͔Β੾Γ཭͢ • error budget ΛఆΊɺerror Λڐ༰͢Δ • fronend ౳ cache ͷڧ੍ purge Λመ᧋͢Δ
139. ׷זיײ׷ֹסؤ٭ػ٭մ㡎״ױ׌ נ٭
140. ׷זיײ׷ֹ
     
     *TUJP
     㚊⪌ • istioctl Λ install ͠·ͤ͏ • istioctl install !"set profile=demo !"context hatena-intern-2021 • kubectl label namespace hatena-intern-2021 istio-injection=enabled • kubectl get namespace hatena-intern-2021 -o yaml Ͱ istio-injection ͕ enabled ʹ ͳͬͯΙΔ͜ͱΛ֬㚒͠·͢
141. ׷זיײ׷ֹ
     
     *TUJP
     㚊⪌ • kubectl apply -f https:!"raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.7/ samples/addons/kiali.yaml Ͱ Kiali Λ㚊ೖ͠·͢ • kubectl apply -f https:!"raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.7/ samples/addons/prometheus.yaml Ͱ Prometheus Λ㚊ೖ͠·͢ • application Λ九㖈ಈ͠·ͤ͏ • istioctl dashboard kiali Ͱ㐫ଶΛ֬㚒͠·ͤ͏ • sign in ͸ admin:admin
142. ,JBMJ
143. ׷זיײ׷ֹ
     
     GBVMU
     JOKFDUJPO ಛఆͷ㖇ೳʹ㕇ᅷ㙹ʹނোΛᚙੜͤͯ͞Ө伖ൣᅴΛ㙭΂·͢ • Injecting an HTTP abort fault Λࢀ㒅ʹɺrenderer service Λམͱͯ͠Έ·ͤ͏ (503 Service Temporarily Unavailable)ɻهࣄΛӾཡɾ࡞㘫ɾ㒁৽Ͱ͖Δ͔֬㚒͠·ͤ͏ɻfault %age ΛԼ͛ͨͱ͖ͷᎮಈΛ֬㚒͠· ͤ͏ • Kiali Ͱ application ͷ㐫ଶΛ֬㚒͠·ͤ͏ • blog service ͷ error message Λ֬㚒͠·ͤ͏ɻ·ͨ istio-proxy ͷ log ͔Β "authority": "renderer-go:50051" Λ୳͠ɺresponse_flags ͷ㙟Λ֬㚒͠·ͤ͏
144. ׷זיײ׷ֹ
     
     GBVMU
     JOKFDUJPO • renderer service Λɺਖ਼ৗʹಈ࡞͢Δ͕ɺresponse ͕ 5 ඵᬌΕΔ㐫ଶʹ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ • Kiali Ͱ application ͷ㐫ଶΛ֬㚒͠·ͤ͏ • istio-proxy ͷ log ͷ response_flags Λ֬㚒͠·ͤ͏ • kubectl delete virtualservices.networking.istio.io [໊㙁] Ͱ fault injection Λղআ͠· ͤ͏
145. 㒁מ㱃שמע CloudNative • CNCF Cloud Native Interactive Landscape • The Amazon Builders' Library microservice • microservice - .ŇoO(ͬͪ͞ΌΜͰ͢Αʌ(ʏl _ l)ůƄ ˑ) • Sam NewmanʮϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟʯ2016 • Susan J. FowlerʮϓϩμΫγϣϯϨσΟϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽʯ2017 • Neal Ford, Rebecca Parsons, Patrick KuaʮਐԽతΞʔΩςΫνϟʯ2018 • Sam NewmanʮϞϊϦε͔ΒϚΠΫϩαʔϏε΁ʯ2020