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Databases
the Choice Is Yours
Philipp Krenn̴̴̴̴̴̴̴@xeraa
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Infrastructure | Developer Advocate
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ViennaDB
Papers We Love Vienna
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"relational model and
normal form"
↓
"data independence"
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Relational Algebra
Book "Seven Databases in Seven Weeks"
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Declarative
Implementation detail of the RDBMS
(Query Optimizer)
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User Interaction
Aggregated reports
Concurrency, integrity, consistency,
type-safety
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Codd's 12 rules
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From a
Wide Variety of Databases
to
A Dark Age
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http://blog.8thlight.com/uncle-bob/
2012/05/15/NODB.html
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Slow &
inflexible
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https://aphyr.com/posts/288-the-
network-is-reliable
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Beating the CAP Theorem
Checklist
Your ( ) tweet ( ) blog post ( ) marketing
material ( ) online comment advocates
a way to beat the CAP theorem. Your
idea will not work.
http://ferd.ca/beating-the-cap-theorem-checklist.html
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Schema Flexibility
http://pragprog.com/magazines/
2012-05/beyond-the-bit-bucket
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NoSQL
Not Only SQL
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Big Data
Very broad, including NoSQL
Offline data / data warehouse,
Hadoop & Spark
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http://db-engines.com/en/ranking
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CouchDB, Couchbase, Elasticsearch,...
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Ted Neward: ORM is "The Vietnam
of Computer Science"
http://blogs.tedneward.com/post/the-vietnam-of-computer-
science/
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/**
* @ManyToMany(targetEntity="Phonenumber")
* @JoinTable(name="users_phonenumbers",
* joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="user_id", referencedColumnName="id")},
* inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="phonenumber_id",
* referencedColumnName="id", unique=true)
* }
* )
*/
public $phonenumbers;
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abstract class Person {
protected $name;
}
class Employee extends Person {
protected $company;
}
class Manager extends Employee {
protected $approveFunds;
}
class Worker extends Employee {
protected $yearsExperience;
}
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RDBMS
1. Union table with (many) NULL
values
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RDBMS
2. Concrete instances without common
queries
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RDBMS
3. Base table JOINed with concrete
instances
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/**
* @MappedSuperclass
*/
abstract class Person {
/** @Id */
protected $id;
/** @String */
protected $name;
}
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/**
* @Document(collection="person")
* @InheritanceType("SINGLE_COLLECTION")
* @DiscriminatorField(fieldName="type")
* @DiscriminatorMap({
* "person"="Person",
* "employee"="Employee",
* "worker"="Worker"
* })
*/
class Employee extends Person {
/** @String */
protected $company;
}
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/** @Document */
class Manager extends Employee {
/** @Boolean */
protected $approveFunds;
}
/** @Document */
class Worker extends Employee {
/** @Integer */
protected $yearsExperience;
}
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{
"_id": ObjectId("5461c8bf9e2acf32ed50c079"),
"name": "Peter",
"company": "MongoDB",
"approveFunds": true,
"type": "manager"
}
{
"_id": ObjectId("524d9fe7e4b0f8bd3031f84e"),
"name": "Philipp",
"company": "MongoDB",
"yearsExperience": 10,
"type": "worker"
}
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Key-Value Store
and more
REmote DIctionary Server
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Statistics (Login)
Bitset
HyperLogLog
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Bitset
First user bit 1, second user bit 2,...
A million users ~123KB
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HyperLogLog
Unique elements in 12KB regardless of
their number
Error rate ~0,81%
http://redis.io/commands/pfcount
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Comparison
HyperLogLog: constant size
Bitset: exact & aggregates
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Overall
Simple
Omni-present "glue"
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Scalable & highly
available
Consistent Hashing
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* Without read and write QUORUM
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Eventually consistent was too
hard, so we went with
immediately inaccurate.
— https://twitter.com/mysqlborat/status/621785755107524608
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SQL Databases
not only RDBMS
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Cassandra Query Language (CQL)
Google Query Language (GQL)
Couchbase N1QL
RethinkDB Query Language (ReQL)
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RDBMS features & maturity
+
NoSQL influence
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Full-Text Search
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Example
These are not the droids you are looking for.
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html_strip Char Filter
These are not the droids you are looking for.
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standard Tokenizer
These̴are̴not̴the̴droids̴you̴are̴looking̴for
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lowercase Token Filter
these̴are̴not̴the̴droids̴you̴are̴looking̴for
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stop Token Filter
droids̴you̴looking
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snowball Token Filter
droid̴you̴look
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Document Score
Term Frequency (TF) / Inverse
Document Frequency (IDF)
Field-length norm
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/scoring-theory.html
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Conclusion
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But is it fast?
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Thanks!
Questions? Stickers
@xeraa̴̴https://joind.in/talk/
d897d
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Credits
Schnitzel https://flic.kr/p/9m27wm
Architecture https://flic.kr/p/6dwCAe
Conchita https://flic.kr/p/nBqSHT
Consistent hashing https://
highlyscalable.wordpress.com/2012/09/18/
distributed-algorithms-in-nosql-databases/
No, SQL https://twitter.com/edd/status/
400190499585544192