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Тестирование в Go
Go 1.10 Release Party
Алексей Махов
Avito
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О чем поговорим
stdlib
go test
practice & tips & tricks
open source
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test
*_test.go
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test
*_test.go
import (
"testing"
)
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test
*_test.go
import (
"testing"
)
func TestAnything(t *testing.T) {
}
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testing
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testing
import (
"testing"
)
*testing.T
*testing.B
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testing
// TB is the interface common to T and B.
type TB interface {
Error(args ...interface{})
Errorf(format string, args ...interface{})
Fail()
FailNow()
Failed() bool
Fatal(args ...interface{})
Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{})
Log(args ...interface{})
Logf(format string, args ...interface{})
Name() string
Skip(args ...interface{})
SkipNow()
Skipf(format string, args ...interface{})
Skipped() bool
// A private method to prevent users implementing the
// interface and so future additions to it will not
// violate Go 1 compatibility.
private()
}
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testing
// TB is the interface common to T and B.
type TB interface {
Error(args ...interface{})
Errorf(format string, args ...interface{})
Fail()
FailNow()
Failed() bool
Fatal(args ...interface{})
Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{})
Log(args ...interface{})
Logf(format string, args ...interface{})
Name() string
Skip(args ...interface{})
SkipNow()
Skipf(format string, args ...interface{})
Skipped() bool
// A private method to prevent users implementing the
// interface and so future additions to it will not
// violate Go 1 compatibility.
private()
}
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*testing.T ⚠
// TB is the interface common to T and B.
type TB interface {
Error(args ...interface{})
Errorf(format string, args ...interface{})
Fail()
FailNow()
Failed() bool
Fatal(args ...interface{})
Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{})
Log(args ...interface{})
Logf(format string, args ...interface{})
Name() string
Skip(args ...interface{})
SkipNow()
Skipf(format string, args ...interface{})
Skipped() bool
// A private method to prevent users implementing the
// interface and so future additions to it will not
// violate Go 1 compatibility.
private()
}
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*testing.T
// TB is the interface common to T and B.
type TB interface {
Error(args ...interface{})
Errorf(format string, args ...interface{})
Fail()
FailNow()
Failed() bool
Fatal(args ...interface{})
Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{})
Log(args ...interface{})
Logf(format string, args ...interface{})
Name() string
Skip(args ...interface{})
SkipNow()
Skipf(format string, args ...interface{})
Skipped() bool
// A private method to prevent users implementing the
// interface and so future additions to it will not
// violate Go 1 compatibility.
private()
}
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*testing.T ❌
// TB is the interface common to T and B.
type TB interface {
Error(args ...interface{})
Errorf(format string, args ...interface{})
Fail()
FailNow()
Failed() bool
Fatal(args ...interface{})
Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{})
Log(args ...interface{})
Logf(format string, args ...interface{})
Name() string
Skip(args ...interface{})
SkipNow()
Skipf(format string, args ...interface{})
Skipped() bool
// A private method to prevent users implementing the
// interface and so future additions to it will not
// violate Go 1 compatibility.
private()
}
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*testing.T
t.Run(name string, f func (*testing.T)) bool
t.Parallel()
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Табличные тесты
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Табличные тесты
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"},
{"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"},
{"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s in %s", tc.gmt, tc.loc), func(t *testing.T) {
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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Табличные тесты
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"},
{"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"},
{"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s in %s", tc.gmt, tc.loc), func(t *testing.T) {
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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Табличные тесты
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"},
{"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"},
{"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s in %s", tc.gmt, tc.loc), func(t *testing.T) {
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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Табличные тесты ❌
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"},
{"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"},
{"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s in %s", tc.gmt, tc.loc), func(t *testing.T) {
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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Табличные тесты ✅
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := map[string]struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31 in Europe/Zuri": {"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"}},
{"12:31 in America/New_York": {"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"}},
{"08:08 in Australia/Sydney": {"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"}},
}
for name, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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Табличные тесты ✅
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"},
{"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"},
{"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"},
}
for name, tc := range testCases {
t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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Табличные тесты ✅
--- PASS: TestTime (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestTime/#00 (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestTime/#01 (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestTime/#02 (0.00s)
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Табличные тесты ✅
func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
testCases := map[string]struct {
gmt string
loc string
want string
}{
{"12:31 in Europe/Zuri": {"12:31", "Europe/Zuri", "13:31"}},
{"12:31 in America/New_York": {"12:31", "America/New_York", "7:31"}},
{"08:08 in Australia/Sydney": {"08:08", "Australia/Sydney", "18:08"}},
}
for name, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
loc, err := time.LoadLocation(tc.loc)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("could not load location")
}
gmt, _ := time.Parse("15:04", tc.gmt)
if got := gmt.In(loc).Format("15:04"); got != tc.want {
t.Errorf("got %s; want %s", got, tc.want)
}
})
}
}
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testing/*
testing/iotest
testing/quick
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net/http/httptest
type ResponseRecorder
type Server
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httptest.ResponseRecorder
func ExampleResponseRecorder() {
handler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
io.WriteString(w, "Hello World!")
}
req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com/foo", nil)
w := httptest.NewRecorder()
handler(w, req)
resp := w.Result()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
fmt.Println(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
fmt.Println(string(body))
// Output:
// 200
// text/html; charset=utf-8
// Hello World!
}
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httptest.ResponseRecorder
func ExampleResponseRecorder() {
handler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
io.WriteString(w, "Hello World!")
}
req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com/foo", nil)
w := httptest.NewRecorder()
handler(w, req)
resp := w.Result()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
fmt.Println(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
fmt.Println(string(body))
// Output:
// 200
// text/html; charset=utf-8
// Hello World!
}
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httptest.ResponseRecorder
func ExampleResponseRecorder() {
handler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
io.WriteString(w, "Hello World!")
}
req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com/foo", nil)
w := httptest.NewRecorder()
handler(w, req)
resp := w.Result()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
fmt.Println(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
fmt.Println(string(body))
// Output:
// 200
// text/html; charset=utf-8
// Hello World!
}
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httptest.Server
func ExampleServer() {
ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client")
}))
defer ts.Close()
res, err := http.Get(ts.URL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
greeting, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
res.Body.Close()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", greeting)
// Output: Hello, client
}
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httptest.Server
func ExampleServer() {
ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client")
}))
defer ts.Close()
res, err := http.Get(ts.URL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
greeting, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
res.Body.Close()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", greeting)
// Output: Hello, client
}
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httptest.Server
func ExampleServer() {
ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client")
}))
defer ts.Close()
res, err := http.Get(ts.URL)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
greeting, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
res.Body.Close()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", greeting)
// Output: Hello, client
}
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go test
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go test
➜ go test ./pkg
ok _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.006s
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go test -v
➜ go test -v ./pkg
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum2
--- PASS: TestSum2 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum3
--- PASS: TestSum3 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum4
--- PASS: TestSum4 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum5
--- PASS: TestSum5 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum6
--- PASS: TestSum6 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum7
--- PASS: TestSum7 (0.00s)
PASS
ok _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.006s
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go test -list
➜ go test ./pkg -list .+
TestSum
TestSum2
TestSum3
TestSum4
TestSum5
TestSum6
TestSum7
ok _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.005s
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go test -run
go test -run=TestSum
go test -run="TestSum[3-9]+"
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go test -short
if testing.Short() {
t.Skip(…)
}
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go test -cover
-covermode
-coverpkg
-coverpro le cover.out
https://blog.golang.org/cover
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go test -c
¯\_(
ツ)_/¯
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go test -timeout
По умолчанию 10 минут
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go 1.10
Кэширование результата
go vet
go test -failfast
go test -json
output
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Фикстуры
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Фикстуры ✅
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
f, err := os.Open("testdata/somefixture.json")
//...
}
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Golden les ✅
var update = flag.Bool("update", false, "update .golden files")
func init() {
flag.Parse()
}
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
actual := doSomething()
golden := filepath.Join("testdata", tc.Name+".golden")
if *update {
ioutil.WriteFile(golden, actual, 0644)
}
expected, _ := ioutil.ReadFile(golden)
if !bytes.Equal(actual, expected) {
// FAIL!
}
}
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Golden les ✅
$ go test
…
$ go test -update
…
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test helpers ✅
func helperLoadFile(t *testing.T, name string) ([]byte, err) {
path := filepath.Join("testdata", name)
return ioutil.ReadFile(path)
}
func TestFile(t *testing.T) {
bytes, err := helperLoadFile(t, "some_file")
//...
}
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test helpers ✅
func setUp(t *testing.T) {
// ...
}
func tearDown(t *testing.T) {
// ...
}
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
setUp(t)
defer tearDown(t)
//...
}
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test helpers ❌
func TestDeferFatal(t *testing.T) {
defer helperFatal(t)
t.Fatal("Test fatal")
}
func helperFatal(t *testing.T) {
log.Fatal("Helper fatal")
}
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test helpers ❌
func TestDeferFatal(t *testing.T) {
defer helperFatal(t)
t.Fatal("Test fatal")
}
func helperFatal(t *testing.T) {
log.Fatal("Helper fatal")
}
$ go test ./test --test.run=TestDeferFatal
2018/02/05 14:03:54 FATAL: Helper fatal
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testing.go ⚠
Переиспользование в других пакетах
Это НЕ тестовый код
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black box
package foo_test
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build tags ✅
// +build integration
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build tags ✅
go test -tags=integration
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build tags ✅
*_integration_test.go
package integration_test
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build tags ✅
doc.go
// Этот пакет содержит функциональные интеграционные тесты,
// тестирующие приложение по методу черного ящика.
// Для его работы необходимы:
// …
package integration_test
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build tags ✅
├── helm
│ ├── templates
│ │ ├── tests
│ │ │ └── runner-pod.yaml
│ │ ├── configmap.yaml
│ │ └── deployment.yaml
│ ├── values.test.yaml
│ ├── values.yaml
│ └── Chart.yaml
└── .
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build tags ✅
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: {{ .Release.Name }}-runner
labels:
service: {{ .Release.Name }}-runner
app: test-runner
purpose: test
spec:
restartPolicy: Never
containers:
- name: service-test
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: {{ .Values.global.imageRegistry }}/service/{{ .Chart.Name }}:{{ .Values.imageTag }}
ports:
- containerPort: 8090
env:
- name: SERVICE_ADDRESS
value: {{ .Release.Name }}:8890
- name: MONGO_CONNECTION
value: {{ .Release.Name }}-mongo:27017
command: ["go", "test", "-tags=integration"]
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open source
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go test
➜ go test ./pkg
ok _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.006s
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go test -v
➜ go test -v ./pkg
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum2
--- PASS: TestSum2 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum3
--- PASS: TestSum3 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum4
--- PASS: TestSum4 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum5
--- PASS: TestSum5 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum6
--- PASS: TestSum6 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum7
--- PASS: TestSum7 (0.00s)
PASS
ok _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.006s
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go test -v
➜ go test -v ./pkg
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum2
--- FAIL: TestSum2 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum3
--- PASS: TestSum3 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum4
--- PASS: TestSum4 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum5
--- PASS: TestSum5 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum6
--- PASS: TestSum6 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum7
--- PASS: TestSum7 (0.00s)
FAIL
exit status 1
FAIL _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.005s
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richgo
github.com/kyoh86/richgo (https://github.com/kyoh86/richgo)
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richgo test -v
➜ richgo test -v ./pkg
START| Sum
PASS | Sum (0.00s)
START| Sum2
FAIL | --- FAIL: TestSum2 (0.00s)
START| Sum3
PASS | Sum3 (0.00s)
START| Sum4
PASS | Sum4 (0.00s)
START| Sum5
PASS | Sum5 (0.00s)
START| Sum6
PASS | Sum6 (0.00s)
START| Sum7
PASS | Sum7 (0.00s)
| exit status 1
FAIL _/Users/amakhov/Documents/testing/testing_in_go/pkg 0.005s
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richgo test -v
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junit.xml
github.com/jstemmer/go-junit-report (https://github.com/jstemmer/go-junit-report)
$ go test -v 2>&1 | go-junit-report > report.xml
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testify/assert
github.com/stretchr/testify/assert (https://github.com/stretchr/testify/)
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
// assert equality
assert.Equal(t, 123, 123, "they should be equal")
// assert inequality
assert.NotEqual(t, 123, 456, "they should not be equal")
// assert for nil (good for errors)
assert.Nil(t, object)
// assert for not nil (good when you expect something)
if assert.NotNil(t, object) {
// now we know that object isn't nil, we are safe to make
// further assertions without causing any errors
assert.Equal(t, "Something", object.Value)
}
}
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testify/require
github.com/stretchr/testify/require (https://github.com/stretchr/testify/)
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
// assert equality
require.Equal(t, 123, 123, "they should be equal")
// assert inequality
require.NotEqual(t, 123, 456, "they should not be equal")
// assert for nil (good for errors)
require.Nil(t, object)
// assert for not nil (good when you expect something)
if require.NotNil(t, object) {
// now we know that object isn't nil, we are safe to make
// further assertions without causing any errors
require.Equal(t, "Something", object.Value)
}
}
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no testify/assert
func assert(tb testing.TB, condition bool, msg string, v ...interface{}) {
if !condition {
_, file, line, _ := runtime.Caller(1)
fmt.Printf("\033[31m%s:%d: "+msg+"\033[39m\n\n", append([]interface{}{filepath.Base(file), line}
tb.FailNow()
}
}
func noErr(tb testing.TB, err error) {
if err != nil {
_, file, line, _ := runtime.Caller(1)
fmt.Printf("\033[31m%s:%d: unexpected error: %s\033[39m\n\n", filepath.Base(file), line, err.Err
tb.FailNow()
}
}
func equals(tb testing.TB, exp, act interface{}) {
if !reflect.DeepEqual(exp, act) {
_, file, line, _ := runtime.Caller(1)
fmt.Printf("\033[31m%s:%d:\n\n\texp: %#v\n\n\tgot: %#v\033[39m\n\n", filepath.Base(file), line,
tb.FailNow()
}
}
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Mocks
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testify/mock
github.com/stretchr/testify/mock (https://github.com/stretchr/testify/)
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testify/mock
package app
import (
"testing"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
)
type MyMockedObject struct{ mock.Mock }
func (m *MyMockedObject) DoSomething(number int) (bool, error) {
args := m.Called(number)
return args.Bool(0), args.Error(1)
}
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
testObj := new(MyMockedObject)
testObj.On("DoSomething", 123).Return(true, nil)
targetFuncThatDoesSomethingWithObj(testObj)
testObj.AssertExpectations(t)
}
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minimock
github.com/gojuno/minimock (https://github.com/gojuno/minimock/)
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minimock
$ minimock -i github.com/gojuno/minimock/tests.Formatter -o ./tests/
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minimock
//FormatterMock implements github.com/gojuno/minimock/tests.Formatter
type FormatterMock struct {
t minimock.Tester
FormatFunc func(p string, p1 ...interface{}) (r string)
FormatCounter uint64
FormatMock mFormatterMockFormat
}
formatterMock := NewFormatterMock(mc)
formatterMock.FormatFunc = func(string, ...interface{}) string {
return "minimock"
}
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minimock
//FormatterMock implements github.com/gojuno/minimock/tests.Formatter
type FormatterMock struct {
t minimock.Tester
FormatFunc func(p string, p1 ...interface{}) (r string)
FormatCounter uint64
FormatMock mFormatterMockFormat
}
formatterMock := NewFormatterMock(mc)
formatterMock.FormatMock.Expect("%s %d", "string", 1).Return("minimock")
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go-sqlmock
github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock (https://github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock/)
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go-sqlmock
func TestShouldUpdateStats(t *testing.T) {
db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("an error '%s' was not expected when opening a stub database connection", err)
}
defer db.Close()
mock.ExpectBegin()
mock.ExpectExec("UPDATE products").WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO product_viewers").WithArgs(2, 3).WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1,
mock.ExpectCommit()
// now we execute our method
if err = recordStats(db, 2, 3); err != nil {
t.Errorf("error was not expected while updating stats: %s", err)
}
// we make sure that all expectations were met
if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
t.Errorf("there were unfulfilled expectations: %s", err)
}
}
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Заключение
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2 задачи тестов
доказывать корректность
помогать писать код
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Thank you
Алексей Махов
Avito
@makhov (http://twitter.com/makhov)
[email protected] (mailto:[email protected])
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