Appleにおけるプライバシーの全容を把握する

by akatsuki174

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Appleʹ͓͚Δ ϓϥΠόγʔͷ શ༰Λ೺Ѳ͢Δ iOSDC Japan 2023 day0 @akatsuki174

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ࣗݾ঺հ

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• ˏakatsuki174 • גࣜձࣾΏΊΈॴଐ • Android/iOS/FlutterΤϯδχΞ • 1ࣇͷ฼ • 9݄Լ०ʹୈೋࢠग़࢈༧ఆͷɹɹ ͨΊɺࣄલऩ࿥ʹͯࢀՃ

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ࠓ೔ͷ࿩

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͓඼ॻ͖ • ϓϥΠόγʔશମͷ࿩ • ϓϥΠόγʔํ਑ɺ໨తจࣈྻɺ৹ࠪΨΠυϥΠϯɺɹ Human Interface Guidelines etc… • ݸʑͷݖݶͷ࿩ • Ґஔ৘ใɺτϥοΩϯάɺࣸਅ/ಈըɺ࿈བྷઌ etc…

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• ൣғΛiOSͷຊମʹߜͬͯ·͢ • watchOSͳͲͷଞͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜɺApp Clips, Widgetɹ ͳͲ͸ର৅֎Ͱ͢ • ࣌ؒͷؔ܎্…͢·Μ… • ۩ମతͳ࣮૷ํ๏͸ΘΓͱ͞Βͬͱྲྀ͠·͢ ஫ҙॻ͖

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Apple͕ߟ͑Δ ϓϥΠόγʔͱ͸

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• ϓϥΠόγʔ͸جຊతͳਓݖ • Ϣʔβ͔Βͷ৴པΛҡ࣋͢Δ্Ͱॏཁ ϓϥΠόγʔʹର͢Δߟ͑ IUUQTXXXBQQMFDPNKQQSJWBDZ

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• ຖ೥ϓϥΠόγʔɺηΩϡϦςΟʹؔ͢Δಈը͕ग़͍ͯΔ • WWDC23 5ຊ • WWDC22 13ຊ • WWDC21 18ຊ • WWDC20 14ຊ etc… ϓϥΠόγʔͱWWDC IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQSJWBDZTFDVSJUZ

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• σʔλͷ࠷খԽ • ΦϯσόΠεॲཧ • ಁ໌ੑͱ؅ཧ • ػີอ࣋ ϓϥΠόγʔอޢ4ݪଇ

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• ඞཁͳ࣌ʹɺඞཁͳ͚ͩσʔλΛऔಘ͢Δ • ྫɿ • Ґஔ৘ใΛʮҰ౓͚ͩڐՄʯ • Ґஔ৘ใͷػೳΛར༻͢Δ·ͰɺϢʔβʹڐ୚ΛٻΊͳ͍ σʔλͷ࠷খԽ

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• ػີσʔλΛͰ͖Δ͚ͩϩʔΧϧͰॲཧ͢Δ • ΦϑϥΠϯͰ΋࢖͑Δɺ௨৴͕ͳ͍෼ߴ଎ͳͲͷϝϦοτ΋͋Δ • ྫɿ • SiriͷԻ੠ೝࣝϞσϧ • Create MLʹΑΔػցֶश ΦϯσόΠεॲཧ

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• σʔλͷ࢖༻ํ๏΍ڞ༗ઌΛ໌֬ʹ͢Δ • ࣗ෼ͷҙࢥͰσʔλΛ؅ཧ͢Δ • ྫɿ • Sign in with Apple • AppϓϥΠόγʔϨϙʔτʢޙड़ʣ • ϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧʢޙड़ʣ ಁ໌ੑͱ؅ཧ

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• ҆શʹอ؅ɺ؅ཧ͢Δ • ྫɿ • ੜମೝূ ػີอ࣋ʢηΩϡϦςΟʣ

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• ࣍ͷΑ͏ͳ৘ใʹΞΫηε͍ͨ͠ͱ͖͸ɺγεςϜΞϥʔτΛɹ ग़ͯ͠ڐՄΛಘΔඞཁ͕͋Δ • Ґஔ৘ใɺϔϧεέΞɺͦͷଞݸਓΛಛఆͰ͖Δ৘ใ • Χϝϥ΍ϚΠΫͳͲͷσόΠεͷػೳ • BluetoothσόΠεͳͲͷอޢ͞ΕͨϦιʔε • σόΠεͷ޿ࠂࣝผࢠ ඞཁͳͱ͖ʹ͸ڐՄΛಘΔ

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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purpose strings ʢ໨తจࣈྻʣͷॻ͖ํ

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• ڐՄͷϦΫΤετΛ͢ΔγεςϜΞϥʔτʹදࣔ͞ΕΔจࣈྻ • Info.plistͰઃఆ͢Δ ໨తจࣈྻͱ͸

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• σʔλͷ༻్͕۩ମతʹઆ໌͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔ • σʔλͷ࢖༻ํ๏ͷྫ͕ࣔ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔ ໨తจࣈྻͷApp Store৹ࠪ؍఺

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App Tracking TransparencyΞϥʔτྫ ༻్❌ ࢖༻ํ๏❌ τϥοΩϯάΛڐՄ͠ ͳ͍৔߹ͷ͜ͱʹ͍ͭ ͯ΋ݴٴ͍ͯ͠Δ👌 IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZUFDIUBMLT ༻్⭕ ࢖༻ํ๏⭕

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ΧϝϥΞϥʔτྫ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZUFDIUBMLT ௕͗͢Δ ؆ܿ👌

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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Ґஔ৘ใ

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ϦΫΤετྫ ࢖༻தͷΈڐՄ ৗʹڐՄ

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γεςϜΞϥʔτྫ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZXXED ࢖༻தͷΈڐՄ ৗʹڐՄ

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• ͬ͘͟Γݴ͏ͱҎԼͷύλʔϯ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ • ະઃఆ • ʮৗʹڐՄʯ • ʮҰ࣌తʹڐՄʯ • ʮ࢖༻தͷΈڐՄʯ • ʮڐՄ͠ͳ͍ʯ ڐՄঢ়ଶ

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ڐՄεςʔλεભҠਤ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZXXED

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• ࠷খݶͷҐஔ৘ใఏڙͰࡁΉΑ͏ɺʮਖ਼֬ͳҐஔ৘ใʯΛΦϑʹ ͢Δػೳ • ΞϓϦଆͰΦϓτΞ΢τ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • iOS 14͔Βొ৔ ਖ਼֬ͳҐஔ৘ใ

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γεςϜΞϥʔτྫ

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• UIKit͸CLLocationButtonɺSwiftUI͸LocationButton • ʮඞཁͳͱ͖ʹҰ౓͚ͩҐஔ৘ใͷΞΫηεཁٻΛ͢Δʯ͕؆୯ ʹ࣮ݱͰ͖Δ • ͜ͷϘλϯࣗମʹҐஔ৘ใऔಘػೳ͸ͳ͍ • iOS 15Ҏ্Ͱ࢖༻Մೳ LocationButton

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γεςϜΞϥʔτྫ

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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App Tracking Transparency

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IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNKQBQQTUPSFVTFSQSJWBDZBOEEBUBVTF γεςϜΞϥʔτྫ

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• ࣍ͷ͜ͱΛ͢Δ࣌͸ϢʔβͷڐՄΛٻΊɺ AppTrackingTransparencyϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ࢖༻͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒ ͳ͍ • IDFAʹΞΫηε͢Δ • ϢʔβΛτϥοΩϯά͢Δ • iOS 14.5Ҏ߱͸ରԠඞਢ App Tracking TransparencyʢATTʣͱ͸

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• Identi fi er for Advertisersʢ޿ࠂࣝผࢠʣ • ݸʑͷσόΠεʹׂΓ౰ͯΒΕΔҰҙͷࣝผࢠ • ޿ࠂओɺ޿ࠂωοτϫʔΫ͸IDFAΛ࢖ͬͯ৘ใΛऩू͠ɺ޿ࠂ λʔήςΟϯάͳͲʹ׆༻͢Δ • iOS 14.5͔ΒσϑΥϧτͰऔΕͳ͘ͳͬͨ IDFAͱ͸

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• ΞϓϦͰऩूͨ͠ಛఆͷΤϯυϢʔβ·ͨ͸σόΠεʹؔ͢Δ σʔλΛ • αʔυύʔςΟͷσʔλͱඥ෇͚Δߦҝ • σʔλϒϩʔΧʔʹ౉͢ߦҝ τϥοΩϯάͱ͸

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ϦΫΤετྫ

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؆ܿʹ·ͱ·ͬͯΔࢿྉ IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNLPPPPPUBLFNJOJEGBBUUTLBEOFUXPSL

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IUUQT[FOOEFWTFSJNBBSUJDMFTCEEBB

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ࣸਅ/ಈը

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γεςϜΞϥʔτྫ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZXXED ࣸਅΛબ୒ʜ

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• iOS 14͔ΒPHAuthorizationStatusʹ.limited͕૿͑ͨ • Ϣʔβ͕બ୒ͨࣸ͠ਅ͔͠ΞϓϦ͔ΒΞΫηεͰ͖ͳ͍ঢ়ଶΛ࡞ Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ʮࣸਅΛબ୒…ʯ

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ϦΫΤετྫ ಡΈॻ͖ ॻ͖ࠐΈͷΈ ॻ͖ࠐΈͷΈ ಡΈॻ͖

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• ࣸਅಈըϐοΧʔΛදࣔͰ͖Δ • ௚઀Photo LibraryʹΞΫηε͠ͳ͍ͷͰɺγεςϜΞϥʔτΛɹ ग़͢ඞཁ͕ͳ͍ • ࣸਅಈըΛѻ͏ͳΒ͜ͷํ๏͕ਪ঑͞ΕΔ • iOS 14͔Β࢖͑Δ PHPickerViewController

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IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZXXED

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• PHPickerViewController͸SwiftUI͔Β௚઀࢖͑ͳ͔ͬͨ • iOS 16͔Β͸PhotosPickerΛSwiftUI͔Β࢖͑Δ • ΋ͪΖΜγεςϜΞϥʔτඞཁͳ͠ PhotosPicker

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PhotosPicker࢖༻ྫ

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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࿈བྷઌ

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γεςϜΞϥʔτྫ

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ϦΫΤετྫ

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• ࿈བྷઌͷϐοΧʔΛදࣔͰ͖Δ • ϢʔβͷڐՄΛಘΔඞཁ͸ͳ͍ CNContactPickerViewController

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CNContactPickerViewController࢖༻ྫ

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AppϓϥΠόγʔϨϙʔτ

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• ΞϓϦ͕ͲΜͳσʔλʹΞΫηε͍ͯ͠Δ͔͕Θ͔ΔϨϙʔτ • ઃఆΞϓϦ͔Β֬ೝͰ͖Δ • σϑΥϧτͰ͸OFF • JSONϑΝΠϧͱͯ͠ΤΫεϙʔτͰ͖Δ • iOS 15Ҏ߱ʹ౥ࡌ AppϓϥΠόγʔϨϙʔτͱ͸

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Privacy Nutrition Labels ʢϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧʣ

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• Ϣʔβ͕ΞϓϦΛμ΢ϯϩʔυ͢ΔલʹΞϓϦͷϓϥΠόγʔɹ ํ਑Λ஌ΔͨΊͷ΋ͷ • αʔυύʔςΟSDKͷ಺༰΋൓өͤ͞Δඞཁ͕͋Δ • App StoreͰݟΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • WWDC20Ͱൃද͞Εͨ • 2021೥ͷय़͔ΒରԠඞਢ ϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧͱ͸

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ϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧྫ IUUQTXXXBQQMFDPNKQQSJWBDZMBCFMT

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ϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧྫ IUUQTXXXBQQMFDPNKQQSJWBDZMBCFMT

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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࣮ࡍͷରԠ࿩͸ͪ͜Β IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNGSPNBUPNJPTEDKBQBO

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Privacy Manifests

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• αʔυύʔςΟSDK͕ͲΜͳϓϥΠόγʔ৘ใΛऩू͍ͯ͠Δͷ ͔ΛΞϓϦ։ൃऀ͕஌Δͷ͸େม ϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧରԠ͸େม

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• WWDC23Ͱൃද͞Εͨ • SDK͕ऩू͢ΔσʔλλΠϓ΍ɺͲͷΑ͏ʹ࢖༻͞ΕΔ͔ͳͲ͕ એݴ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • αʔυύʔςΟSDK։ൃऀ͸PrivacyInfo.xcprivacyͱ͍͏໊લͷ ϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒͢Δ Privacy Manifests͕ొ৔

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• ϓϩδΣΫτ಺ͷશͯͷPrivacy ManifestsΛू໿ͨ͠Ϩϙʔτ • Xcode 15ͰɺApp Store޲͚ϏϧυΛ͢Δ࣌ʹग़ྗͰ͖Δ • ͜ΕΛݩʹϓϥΠόγʔϥϕϧΛهड़͢Δͱྑ͍ Privacy report

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Privacy report IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZXXED

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• ར༻͢Δͷʹʮཧ༝͕ඞཁͳAPIʯ • ࢖༻͢Δ৔߹͸ɺͦͷཧ༝ΛPrivacy Manifests্Ͱ1ͭҎ্બ୒ ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ Required Reason API

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• 2023೥ळҎ߱ɺબ୒͍ͯ͠ͳ͚Ε͹։ൃऀʹ௨஌͕ߦ͘ • 2024೥य़Ҏ߱ɺ৽ن/طଘ྆ํͷΞϓϦʹબ୒͕ٛ຿෇͚ΒΕΔ Required Reason͸

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• File timestamp APIs • System boot time APIs • Disk space APIs • Active keyboard APIs • User defaults APIs Required Reason APIϦετ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNEPDVNFOUBUJPOCVOEMFSFTPVSDFT QSJWBDZ@NBOJGFTU@ fi MFTEFTDSJCJOH@VTF@PG@SFRVJSFE@SFBTPO@BQJ

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ৄ͘͠͸…ʁ IUUQTGPSUFFKQJPTEDKBQBOQSPQPTBMECCFCCEFBECD

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ৄ͘͠͸…

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ϓϥΠόγʔΫΠζ

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• ৹ࠪΨΠυϥΠϯɺHuman Interface GuidelinesΛݩʹΫΠζΛ ࡞੒ • ࣍ͷ֤ઃ໰͸ਖ਼͍͠Ͱ͠ΐ͏͔ʁ ϓϥΠόγʔͷཧղΛਂΊΑ͏

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τϥοΩϯάͷڐՄΛಘΔͨΊʹγεςϜΞϥʔτΛग़͢৔߹ɺɹ τϥοΩϯάΛڐՄͯ͠΄͍͠ཧ༝Λઆ໌͢Δը໘Λ௚લʹڬΜͰ ΋ྑ͍ ⭕ or ❌ Q1.

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௚લʹը໘ΛڬΜͰ΋OKɻ Human Interface GuidelinesͰ͸ʮϓϨΞϥʔτɹ ը໘ɺ΢Πϯυ΢ɺϏϡʔʯʹͯɺͦͷද͕ࣔຬͨ ͢΂͖ཁ݅Λ͍ࣔͯ͠Δɻ ͨͩ͠ɺʮΩϟϯηϧʯͳͲͷճආϘλϯΛදࣔɹ ͢Δͷ͸NGɻ A1. ⭕ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNKQEFTJHOIVNBOJOUFSGBDFHVJEFMJOFTQSJWBDZ1SF BMFSUTDSFFOTXJOEPXTPSWJFXT

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࣍ͷέʔε͸τϥοΩϯάʹ֘౰͢Δ ⭕ or ❌ ʮࣗ෼ͷΞϓϦͰऩूͨ͠৘ใͱαʔυύʔςΟͷσʔλͷඥ෇ ͚͕ϢʔβͷσόΠε্ͰͷΈߦΘΕɺϢʔβ΍σόΠεΛಛఆͰ ͖ΔΑ͏ͳํ๏ͰσόΠεͷ֎෦ʹૹ৴͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍ʯ Q2.

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σόΠεͷ֎෦ʹૹ৴͞Εͯͳ͍ͷͰτϥοΩϯάʹ֘౰͠ͳ͍ɻ AppTrackingTransparencyϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ࢖ͬͯϢʔβ͔ΒڐՄ ΛಘΔඞཁ΋ͳ͍ɻ A2. ❌ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNKQBQQTUPSFVTFSQSJWBDZBOEEBUBVTF

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LocationButtonΛλοϓͯ͠Ґஔ৘ใͷ࢖༻ΛڐՄ͠·ͨ͠ɻ ͜ͷ৔߹ɺ࣍ճىಈ࣌ʹ͸λοϓͯ͠΋࠶౓γεςϜΞϥʔτ͕ɹ ग़ͯ͘Δ͜ͱ͸ͳ͍ ⭕ or ❌ Q3.

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࠶౓γεςϜΞϥʔτ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ͜ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ Ϣʔβ͕ΞϓϦΛΩϧ͢ΔͱڐՄ͸ແޮʹͳΔ͕ɺ࣍ʹ LocationButtonΛλοϓͨ͠ͱ͖ʹ·ͨڐՄ͕༗ޮʹͳΔɻ A3. ⭕ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNKQEFTJHOIVNBOJOUFSGBDFHVJEFMJOFT QSJWBDZ-PDBUJPOCVUUPO

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ݱࡏ஍͕Θ͔Βͳ͍ͱҙຯ͕ͳ͍ΞϓϦͳͷͰɺҐஔ৘ใͷڐ୚ ͕ಘΒΕͳ͔ͬͨΒͦͷػೳ͸࢖͑ͳ͍Α͏ʹͨ͠ ⭕ or ❌ Q4.

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ڐՄ͕ಘΒΕͳͯ͘΋ػೳΛར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ͳ୅ସखஈΛߟ͑Δ ΂͖ɻ ྫ͑͹༣ศ൪߸ΛखಈͰೖྗ͓͓ͤͯ͞ΑͦͷҐஔΛ೺Ѳ͢Δɹ ͜ͱͰ୅ସͰ͖ͳ͍͔ͳͲΛݕ౼͢Δɻ A4. ❌ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNKQBQQTUPSFSFWJFXHVJEFMJOFTQSJWBDZ

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ECαʔϏεͷΞϓϦΛ։ൃ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ஀ੜ೔ΫʔϙϯΛ഑෍ɹ ͍ͨ͠ͷͰɺϢʔβͷ஀ੜ೔ཝΛඞਢ߲໨ʹͨ͠ɻ⭕ or ❌ Q5.

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஀ੜ೔ཝΛඞਢʹ͢Δ΂͖Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ ECΞϓϦͷओཁػೳ͸γϣοϐϯάͰ͋Γɺ஀ੜ೔͕Θ͔Βͳ͘ ͯ΋ར༻Ͱ͖Δ͸ͣɻΑͬͯɺ೚ҙ߲໨ʹ͢Δͷ͕ྑ͍ɻ A5. ❌ IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZUFDIUBMLT

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͍͍໨తจࣈྻ͕ࢥ͍ු͔͹ͳ͔ͬͨͷͰɺ໨తจࣈྻΛઃఆɹ ͤͣʹ৹ࠪఏग़ͨ͠ɻ⭕ or ❌ Q6.

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໨తจࣈྻ͸ඞͣઃఆ͢Δɻ ઃఆͤͣʹ৹ࠪఏग़ͯ͠ɺϦδΣΫτ͞Εͯ͠·ͬͨྫ΋͋Δɻɹ ͦ΋ͦ΋ઃఆ͠ͳ͍ͱΫϥογϡͯ͠͠·͏৔߹΋͋Δɻ A6. ❌

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·ͱΊ

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• ϓϥΠόγʔΛૄ͔ʹ͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͠Α͏ • ϓϥΠόγʔ4ݪଇΛक͍ͬͯΔ͔ࣗ໰͠Α͏ • ద੾ͳ໨తจࣈྻΛઃఆ͠Α͏ ΞϓϦΛ࡞Δͱ͖͸

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એ఻

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• ड෇Λ௨ա͙ͯ͢͠ͷ৔ॴʹ͋Γ·͢ • ΫΠζ/Ξϯέʔτʹճ౴͢ΔͱΠΠίτ͕͋ΔͷͰͥͻૣΊʹ ΏΊΈεϙϯαʔϒʔεʹ͓ӽ͍ͩ͘͠͞ • ΤϯδχΞืूͯ͠ΔͷͰڵຯ͋Δํ΋ͥͻͲ͏ͧ ΏΊΈ͸εϙϯαʔϒʔεΛग़ͯ͠·͢

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͓ΘΓ