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CLI,%the%other%SAPI
Thijs%Feryn
Evangelist
+32%(0)9%218%79%06
[email protected]
php
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About%me
I’m%an%Evangelist%at%Combell
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About%me
I’m%a%board%member%at%PHPBenelux
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Follow%me%on%Twi+er:%@ThijsFeryn
Give%me%feedback:%h+p://joind.in/6393
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No content
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SAPI?
The%way%you%interact%with%PHP
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Common%SAPIs
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Common%SAPIs
• Apache/Apache%2
• FPM
• FastCGI
• ISAPI
• CLI
• GTK
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The%CLI%SAPI
PHP%script%execuWon%via%the%command%line%interface
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When%to%use
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When%to%use
• In%crons
• For%batch%tasks
• For%worker%processes
• Daemons
• Process%control
• InteracWon%with%other%binaries
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No content
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CLI 101
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CLI 101
The PHP binary
Passing arguments
Reading from STDIN
I/O with pipes
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CLI 101
Invoking a script with the PHP
binary
php#file.php
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CLI 101
Passing arguments
php#file.php#arg1#arg2
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CLI 101
interpreting arguments
$argument){
echo "Argument # {$key}: {$argument}\n";
}
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CLI 101
interpreting arguments
$argument){
echo "Argument # {$key}: {$argument}\n";
}
Argument%
count
Argument%
array
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CLI 101
interpreting arguments
$"php"args.php"arg1"arg2
Number"of"arguments"3
Argument"#"0:"args.php
Argument"#"1:"arg1
Argument"#"2:"arg2
$
The%
PHP%file%is%an%
argument%too
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CLI 101
interpreting arguments
$argc
$argv
$_SERVER[‘argc’]
$_SERVER[‘argv’]
!!! register_argc_argv !!!
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CLI 101
getopt
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CLI 101
getopt
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CLI 101
php"getopt.php":a":b"2":c3
array(3)"{
""["a"]=>
""bool(false)
""["b"]=>
""string(1)""2"
""["c"]=>
""string(1)""3"
}
No%
spacing%for%
opWonal%
arguments
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CLI 101
getopt: longopts
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CLI 101
php"getopt2.php"::arg1"::arg2"123"::arg3=x
array(3)"{
""["arg1"]=>
""bool(false)
""["arg2"]=>
""string(3)""123"
""["arg3"]=>
""string(1)""x"
}
Mind%
the%“=”%sign
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CLI 101
REading From STDIN
0){
echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL;
}
}
fclose($handle);
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CLI 101
$"cat"test.txt"|"php"stdin.php"
enO
owT
eerhT
$
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CLI 101
$"cat"test.txt"|"php"stdin.php"
enO
owT
eerhT
$
Output%
file
Convert%
output%to%
input%with%
pipes
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Comparing%the%Apache%&%CLI%SAPI
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Comparing%the%Apache%&%CLI%SAPI
Web%based%SAPI’s
• HTTP%is%a%stateless%protocol
• Request/response%based
• Limited%interacWon
• Sessions%&%cookies%as%workaround
• ExecuWon%Wmeouts
• Limited%request/response%size
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Comparing%the%Apache%&%CLI%SAPI
CLI%SAPI
• Controlable%state
• Controlable%script%execuWon
• ConWnuous%interacWon
• No%need%for%sessions
• No%execuWon%Wmeouts
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The%PHP%binary
php
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The%PHP%binary
Usage:"php"[options]"[:f]""[::]"[args...]
"""""""php"[options]":r"
"[::]"[args...]
"""""""php"[options]"[:B"]":R""
[:E"]"[::]"[args...]
"""""""php"[options]"[:B"]":F""
[:E"]"[::]"[args...]
"""""""php"[options]"::"[args...]
"""""""php"[options]":a
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InteracLve%mode%("a)
$"php":a
Interactive"shell
php">"echo"5+8;
13
php">"function"addTwo($n)
php">"{
php"{"return"$n"+"2;
php"{"}
php">"var_dump(addtwo(2));
int(4)
php">
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InteracLve%mode%("a)
$"php":a
Interactive"shell
php">"stri[TAB][TAB]
strip_tags"""""stripcslashes""
stripslashes"""stristr""""""""
stripos""""""""
php">"stri
Tab%
compleWon
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Run%code%("r)
$"php":r""echo"date('Y:m:d"H:i:s');"
2011:03:02"22:04:45
$
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Config%directory%("c)
$"php":c"/custom/dir/php.ini"script.php
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Define%custom%INI%seRng%("d)
$"php":d"max_execution_time=20":r"'$foo"="
ini_get("max_execution_time");"
var_dump($foo);'
string(2)""20"
$
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Get%INI%informaLon%("i)
$"php":i"|"grep"“log_”
define_syslog_variables"=>"Off"=>"Off
log_errors"=>"On"=>"On
log_errors_max_len"=>"1024"=>"1024
$
Filtering%
items
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Syntax/lint%check%("l)
$"php":l"myFile.php
No"syntax"errors"detected"in"myFile.php
$
Only%
checks%parse%
errors
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Module%list%("m)
$"php":m
[PHP"Modules]
bcmath
bz2
calendar
Core
ctype
curl
date
dba
$
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Syntax%highlighLng%("s)
$"php":s"helloworld.php">"helloworld.html
$
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Syntax%highlighLng%("s)
<?php
echo "Hello world";
echo "Hello world";
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Version%info%("v)
$"php":v
PHP"5.3.3:1ubuntu9.3"with"Suhosin:Patch"
(cli)"(built:"Jan"12"2011"16:07:38)"
Copyright"(c)"1997:2009"The"PHP"Group
Zend"Engine"v2.3.0,"Copyright"(c)"1998:2010"
Zend"Technologies
$
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FuncLon%reflecLon%(""rf)
$"php"::rf"json_encode
Function"[""function"
json_encode"]"{
"":"Parameters"[2]"{
""""Parameter"#0"[""$value"]
""""Parameter"#1"[""$options"]
""}
}
$
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Class%reflecLon%(""rc)
$"php"::rc"stdclass
Class"[""class"stdClass"]"{
"":"Constants"[0]"{
""}
"":"Static"properties"[0]"{
""}
"":"Static"methods"[0]"{
""}
"":"Properties"[0]"{
""}
"":"Methods"[0]"{
""}
}
$
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Extension%reflecLon%(""re)
$"php"::re"json
Extension"[""extension"#20"json"version"1.2.1"]"{
...
"":"Functions"{
""""Function"[""function"json_encode"]"{
"""""":"Parameters"[2]"{
""""""""Parameter"#0"[""$value"]
""""""""Parameter"#1"[""$options"]
""""""}
""""}
...
}
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Extension%INI%informaLon%(""ri)
$"php"::ri"pdo
PDO
PDO"support"=>"enabled
PDO"drivers"=>"mysql,"sqlite,"sqlite2
$
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BuiltYin%webserver%("S)
$"php":S"localhost:1234
PHP"5.4.0"Development"Server"started"at"Mon"May"
14"09:43:28"2012
Listening"on"localhost:1234
Document"root"is"/var/www/cli.dev
Press"Ctrl:C"to"quit.
$
PHP%
5.4
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BuiltYin%webserver%("S)
[Mon"May"14"09:44:42"2012]"192.168.72.1:53147"
[200]:"/
[Mon"May"14"09:44:42"2012]"192.168.72.1:53148"
[200]:"/?=PHPE9568F34:D428:11d2:A769:00AA001ACF42
[Mon"May"14"09:44:42"2012]"192.168.72.1:53149"
[200]:"/?=PHPE9568F35:D428:11d2:A769:00AA001ACF42
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BuiltYin%webserver%("S)
$"php":S"localhost:1234"router.php
PHP"5.4.0"Development"Server"started"at"Mon"May"
14"09:43:28"2012
Listening"on"localhost:1234
Document"root"is"/path/to/docroot
Press"Ctrl:C"to"quit.
$
Router
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BuiltYin%webserver%("t)
$"php":S"localhost:1234":t"/path/to/docroot
PHP"5.4.0"Development"Server"started"at"Mon"May"
14"09:43:28"2012
Listening"on"localhost:1234
Document"root"is"/path/to/docroot
Press"Ctrl:C"to"quit.
$
Custom%
docroot
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Back%on%track
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Back%to%I/O
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Input%&%output
Web
• $_SERVER
• $_GET
• $_POST
• $_COOKIE
• $_SESSION
• $_ENV
CLI
• $_SERVER
• $argc/$argv
• $_ENV
• getopt()
• STDIN/STDOUT/
STDERR
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Change%your%mindset
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Change%your%mindset
Don’t%use%sessions%&%cookies
Just%use%local%variables
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Change%your%mindset
If%you%don’t%need%HTTP,%use%CLI
Avoid%overhead
E.g.%
cronjobs
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Change%your%mindset
Current%directory%!=%webroot
➡Use%dirname(__FILE__)
➡Use%chdir()
➡Use%getcwd()
CLI%
scripts%are%
executable%
everywhere
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STDIN
0){
echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL;
}
}
fclose($handle);
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STDIN
0){
echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL;
}
}
fclose($handle);
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STDIN
0){
echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL;
}
}
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STDIN
0){
echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL;
}
}
Stream%
that%is%opened%
by%default
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STDIN
$"php":r""var_dump(STDIN);"
resource(1)"of"type"(stream)
$
The%
proof%!
Stream%
that%is%opened%
by%default
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Wordcount%example
0){
foreach(preg_split('/[\s]+/',$line) as $word){
if(!array_key_exists($word,$wordArray)){
$wordArray[$word] = 0;
}
$wordArray[$word]++;
}
}
}
ksort($wordArray);
foreach($wordArray as $word=>$count){
echo "$word: $count".PHP_EOL;
}
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Wordcount%example
$"cat"wordcount.txt"
Italy"Thijs
Thijs
Italy
Thijs"PHPDAY
Thijs
Italy
$"cat"wordcount.txt""|"php"wordcount.php"
PHPDAY:"1
Thijs:"4
Italy:"3
$
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STDOUT
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STDOUT
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STDERR
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STDERR
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Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR
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Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR
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Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR
$"php"stdmix.php">"/dev/null"
STDERR"output
$
$"php"stdmix.php"&>""/dev/null
$
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Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR
$"php"stdmix.php">"/dev/null"
STDERR"output
$
$"php"stdmix.php"&>""/dev/null
$
STDOUT%
is%caught
STDOUT%
&%STDERR%are%
caught
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AlternaLve%output
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AlternaLve%output
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Piping
$"php":r"'for($i=0;$i<10;$i++)"echo"$i.PHP_EOL;'
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
$"php":r"'for($i=0;$i<10;$i++)"echo"$i.PHP_EOL;'"|"wc":l
""""""10
$
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Readline
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Shebang%!
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Shebang%!
#!/usr/bin/php
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Encore
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Process%Control%should%not%be%enabled%
within%a%web%server%environment%and%
unexpected%results%may%happen%if%any%
Process%Control%funcWons%are%used%within%
a%web%server%environment.
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Forking
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Forking
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Forking
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Signals
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Signals
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POSIX%process%control%funcLons
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POSIX%process%control%funcLons
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POSIX%process%control%funcLons
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POSIX%process%control%funcLons
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Jeroen%Keppens:%@jkeppens
http://www.slideshare.net/jkeppens/phpYinYtheYdark
Talk%
dedicated%to%
process%control%
in%PHP
Check%this%
guy%out%!
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No content
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Q&A
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Thanks%!