Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
CLI, the other SAPI (PHPDAY)
Search
Thijs Feryn
May 21, 2012
Technology
2
470
CLI, the other SAPI (PHPDAY)
The PHPDay edition of my "CLI, the other SAPI" talk.
Thijs Feryn
May 21, 2012
Tweet
Share
More Decks by Thijs Feryn
See All by Thijs Feryn
Caching the uncacheable with Varnish - PHP London 2020
thijsferyn
0
390
Accelerating OTT video platforms with Varnish - London Video Tech meetup 2020
thijsferyn
0
330
't Oncachebare cachen
thijsferyn
0
290
Caching the uncacheable with Varnish - PHP UG FFM 19
thijsferyn
1
610
Developing cacheable PHP applications - PHP Barcelona 2019
thijsferyn
0
570
Caching the uncacheable with Varnish - FullstackEU 2019
thijsferyn
0
430
Varnish beyond basic web acceleration - Symfony Live Berlin 2019
thijsferyn
0
350
Developing cacheable PHP applications
thijsferyn
0
360
Varnish beyond basic web acceleration - DAHO.AM 2019
thijsferyn
0
350
Other Decks in Technology
See All in Technology
マルチモーダル / AI Agent / LLMOps 3つの技術トレンドで理解するLLMの今後の展望
hirosatogamo
37
12k
リンクアンドモチベーション ソフトウェアエンジニア向け紹介資料 / Introduction to Link and Motivation for Software Engineers
lmi
4
300k
BLADE: An Attempt to Automate Penetration Testing Using Autonomous AI Agents
bbrbbq
0
300
ノーコードデータ分析ツールで体験する時系列データ分析超入門
negi111111
0
410
Introduction to Works of ML Engineer in LY Corporation
lycorp_recruit_jp
0
110
OCI Vault 概要
oracle4engineer
PRO
0
9.7k
Amazon Personalizeのレコメンドシステム構築、実際何するの?〜大体10分で具体的なイメージをつかむ〜
kniino
1
100
開発生産性を上げながらビジネスも30倍成長させてきたチームの姿
kamina_zzz
2
1.7k
Oracle Cloud Infrastructureデータベース・クラウド:各バージョンのサポート期間
oracle4engineer
PRO
28
12k
AWS Media Services 最新サービスアップデート 2024
eijikominami
0
200
OCI Network Firewall 概要
oracle4engineer
PRO
0
4.1k
社内で最大の技術的負債のリファクタリングに取り組んだお話し
kidooonn
1
550
Featured
See All Featured
How GitHub (no longer) Works
holman
310
140k
The Psychology of Web Performance [Beyond Tellerrand 2023]
tammyeverts
44
2.2k
Teambox: Starting and Learning
jrom
133
8.8k
The Illustrated Children's Guide to Kubernetes
chrisshort
48
48k
KATA
mclloyd
29
14k
Designing Experiences People Love
moore
138
23k
Fashionably flexible responsive web design (full day workshop)
malarkey
405
65k
The Web Performance Landscape in 2024 [PerfNow 2024]
tammyeverts
0
89
Build your cross-platform service in a week with App Engine
jlugia
229
18k
Designing for humans not robots
tammielis
250
25k
Rebuilding a faster, lazier Slack
samanthasiow
79
8.7k
[RailsConf 2023] Rails as a piece of cake
palkan
52
4.9k
Transcript
CLI,%the%other%SAPI Thijs%Feryn Evangelist +32%(0)9%218%79%06
[email protected]
php
About%me I’m%an%Evangelist%at%Combell
About%me I’m%a%board%member%at%PHPBenelux
Follow%me%on%Twi+er:%@ThijsFeryn Give%me%feedback:%h+p://joind.in/6393
None
SAPI? The%way%you%interact%with%PHP
Common%SAPIs
Common%SAPIs • Apache/Apache%2 • FPM • FastCGI • ISAPI •
CLI • GTK
The%CLI%SAPI PHP%script%execuWon%via%the%command%line%interface
When%to%use
When%to%use • In%crons • For%batch%tasks • For%worker%processes • Daemons •
Process%control • InteracWon%with%other%binaries
None
CLI 101
CLI 101 The PHP binary Passing arguments Reading from STDIN
I/O with pipes
CLI 101 Invoking a script with the PHP binary php#file.php
CLI 101 Passing arguments php#file.php#arg1#arg2
CLI 101 interpreting arguments <?php echo "Number of arguments {$argc}\n";
foreach($argv as $key=>$argument){ echo "Argument # {$key}: {$argument}\n"; }
CLI 101 interpreting arguments <?php echo "Number of arguments {$argc}\n";
foreach($argv as $key=>$argument){ echo "Argument # {$key}: {$argument}\n"; } Argument% count Argument% array
CLI 101 interpreting arguments $"php"args.php"arg1"arg2 Number"of"arguments"3 Argument"#"0:"args.php Argument"#"1:"arg1 Argument"#"2:"arg2 $
The% PHP%file%is%an% argument%too
CLI 101 interpreting arguments $argc $argv $_SERVER[‘argc’] $_SERVER[‘argv’] !!! register_argc_argv
!!!
CLI 101 getopt <?php $arguments = getopt('ab:c::'); var_dump($arguments);
CLI 101 getopt <?php $arguments = getopt('ab:c::'); var_dump($arguments); OpWonal% value
Flag% (no%value) Required% value
CLI 101 php"getopt.php":a":b"2":c3 array(3)"{ ""["a"]=> ""bool(false) ""["b"]=> ""string(1)""2" ""["c"]=> ""string(1)""3"
} No% spacing%for% opWonal% arguments
CLI 101 getopt: longopts <?php $arguments = getopt('',array('a rg1','arg2:','arg3::')); var_dump($arguments);
CLI 101 php"getopt2.php"::arg1"::arg2"123"::arg3=x array(3)"{ ""["arg1"]=> ""bool(false) ""["arg2"]=> ""string(3)""123" ""["arg3"]=> ""string(1)""x"
} Mind% the%“=”%sign
CLI 101 REading From STDIN <?php $handle = fopen('php://stdin','r'); while(!feof($handle)){
$line = trim(fgets($handle)); if(strlen($line) > 0){ echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL; } } fclose($handle);
CLI 101 $"cat"test.txt"|"php"stdin.php" enO owT eerhT $
CLI 101 $"cat"test.txt"|"php"stdin.php" enO owT eerhT $ Output% file Convert%
output%to% input%with% pipes
Comparing%the%Apache%&%CLI%SAPI
Comparing%the%Apache%&%CLI%SAPI Web%based%SAPI’s • HTTP%is%a%stateless%protocol • Request/response%based • Limited%interacWon • Sessions%&%cookies%as%workaround
• ExecuWon%Wmeouts • Limited%request/response%size
Comparing%the%Apache%&%CLI%SAPI CLI%SAPI • Controlable%state • Controlable%script%execuWon • ConWnuous%interacWon • No%need%for%sessions
• No%execuWon%Wmeouts
The%PHP%binary php
The%PHP%binary Usage:"php"[options]"[:f]"<file>"[::]"[args...] """""""php"[options]":r"<code>"[::]"[args...] """""""php"[options]"[:B"<begin_code>]":R"<code>" [:E"<end_code>]"[::]"[args...] """""""php"[options]"[:B"<begin_code>]":F"<file>" [:E"<end_code>]"[::]"[args...] """""""php"[options]"::"[args...] """""""php"[options]":a
InteracLve%mode%("a) $"php":a Interactive"shell php">"echo"5+8; 13 php">"function"addTwo($n) php">"{ php"{"return"$n"+"2; php"{"} php">"var_dump(addtwo(2));
int(4) php">
InteracLve%mode%("a) $"php":a Interactive"shell php">"stri[TAB][TAB] strip_tags"""""stripcslashes"" stripslashes"""stristr"""""""" stripos"""""""" php">"stri Tab% compleWon
Run%code%("r) $"php":r""echo"date('Y:m:d"H:i:s');" 2011:03:02"22:04:45 $
Config%directory%("c) $"php":c"/custom/dir/php.ini"script.php
Define%custom%INI%seRng%("d) $"php":d"max_execution_time=20":r"'$foo"=" ini_get("max_execution_time");" var_dump($foo);' string(2)""20" $
Get%INI%informaLon%("i) $"php":i"|"grep"“log_” define_syslog_variables"=>"Off"=>"Off log_errors"=>"On"=>"On log_errors_max_len"=>"1024"=>"1024 $ Filtering% items
Syntax/lint%check%("l) $"php":l"myFile.php No"syntax"errors"detected"in"myFile.php $ Only% checks%parse% errors
Module%list%("m) $"php":m [PHP"Modules] bcmath bz2 calendar Core ctype curl date
dba $
Syntax%highlighLng%("s) $"php":s"helloworld.php">"helloworld.html $ <?php echo""Hello"world";
Syntax%highlighLng%("s) <?php echo "Hello world"; <code><span style="color: #000000"> <span style="color:
#0000BB"><?php<br / ></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Hello world"</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span> </span>
Version%info%("v) $"php":v PHP"5.3.3:1ubuntu9.3"with"Suhosin:Patch" (cli)"(built:"Jan"12"2011"16:07:38)" Copyright"(c)"1997:2009"The"PHP"Group Zend"Engine"v2.3.0,"Copyright"(c)"1998:2010" Zend"Technologies $
FuncLon%reflecLon%(""rf) $"php"::rf"json_encode Function"["<internal:json>"function" json_encode"]"{ "":"Parameters"[2]"{ """"Parameter"#0"["<required>"$value"] """"Parameter"#1"["<optional>"$options"] ""} } $
Class%reflecLon%(""rc) $"php"::rc"stdclass Class"["<internal:Core>"class"stdClass"]"{ "":"Constants"[0]"{ ""} "":"Static"properties"[0]"{ ""} "":"Static"methods"[0]"{ ""} "":"Properties"[0]"{
""} "":"Methods"[0]"{ ""} } $
Extension%reflecLon%(""re) $"php"::re"json Extension"["<persistent>"extension"#20"json"version"1.2.1"]"{ ... "":"Functions"{ """"Function"["<internal:json>"function"json_encode"]"{ """""":"Parameters"[2]"{ """"""""Parameter"#0"["<required>"$value"] """"""""Parameter"#1"["<optional>"$options"] """"""}
""""} ... }
Extension%INI%informaLon%(""ri) $"php"::ri"pdo PDO PDO"support"=>"enabled PDO"drivers"=>"mysql,"sqlite,"sqlite2 $
BuiltYin%webserver%("S) $"php":S"localhost:1234 PHP"5.4.0"Development"Server"started"at"Mon"May" 14"09:43:28"2012 Listening"on"localhost:1234 Document"root"is"/var/www/cli.dev Press"Ctrl:C"to"quit. $ PHP% 5.4
BuiltYin%webserver%("S) [Mon"May"14"09:44:42"2012]"192.168.72.1:53147" [200]:"/ [Mon"May"14"09:44:42"2012]"192.168.72.1:53148" [200]:"/?=PHPE9568F34:D428:11d2:A769:00AA001ACF42 [Mon"May"14"09:44:42"2012]"192.168.72.1:53149" [200]:"/?=PHPE9568F35:D428:11d2:A769:00AA001ACF42
BuiltYin%webserver%("S) $"php":S"localhost:1234"router.php PHP"5.4.0"Development"Server"started"at"Mon"May" 14"09:43:28"2012 Listening"on"localhost:1234 Document"root"is"/path/to/docroot Press"Ctrl:C"to"quit. $ Router
BuiltYin%webserver%("t) $"php":S"localhost:1234":t"/path/to/docroot PHP"5.4.0"Development"Server"started"at"Mon"May" 14"09:43:28"2012 Listening"on"localhost:1234 Document"root"is"/path/to/docroot Press"Ctrl:C"to"quit. $ Custom% docroot
Back%on%track
Back%to%I/O
Input%&%output Web • $_SERVER • $_GET • $_POST • $_COOKIE
• $_SESSION • $_ENV CLI • $_SERVER • $argc/$argv • $_ENV • getopt() • STDIN/STDOUT/ STDERR
Change%your%mindset
Change%your%mindset Don’t%use%sessions%&%cookies Just%use%local%variables
Change%your%mindset If%you%don’t%need%HTTP,%use%CLI Avoid%overhead E.g.% cronjobs
Change%your%mindset Current%directory%!=%webroot ➡Use%dirname(__FILE__) ➡Use%chdir() ➡Use%getcwd() CLI% scripts%are% executable% everywhere
STDIN <?php $handle = fopen('php://stdin','r'); while(!feof($handle)){ $line = trim(fgets($handle)); if(strlen($line)
> 0){ echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL; } } fclose($handle);
STDIN <?php $handle = fopen('php://stdin','r'); while(!feof($handle)){ $line = trim(fgets($handle)); if(strlen($line)
> 0){ echo strrev($line).PHP_EOL; } } fclose($handle);
STDIN <?php while(!feof(STDIN)){ $line = trim(fgets(STDIN)); if(strlen($line) > 0){ echo
strrev($line).PHP_EOL; } }
STDIN <?php while(!feof(STDIN)){ $line = trim(fgets(STDIN)); if(strlen($line) > 0){ echo
strrev($line).PHP_EOL; } } Stream% that%is%opened% by%default
STDIN $"php":r""var_dump(STDIN);" resource(1)"of"type"(stream) $ The% proof%! Stream% that%is%opened% by%default
Wordcount%example <?php $wordArray = array(); while(!feof(STDIN)){ $line = trim(fgets(STDIN)); if(strlen($line)
> 0){ foreach(preg_split('/[\s]+/',$line) as $word){ if(!array_key_exists($word,$wordArray)){ $wordArray[$word] = 0; } $wordArray[$word]++; } } } ksort($wordArray); foreach($wordArray as $word=>$count){ echo "$word: $count".PHP_EOL; }
Wordcount%example $"cat"wordcount.txt" Italy"Thijs Thijs Italy Thijs"PHPDAY Thijs Italy $"cat"wordcount.txt""|"php"wordcount.php" PHPDAY:"1
Thijs:"4 Italy:"3 $
STDOUT <?php $handle = fopen('php://stdout','w'); fwrite($handle,'Hello world'); fclose($handle); STDOUT% ==%
echo
STDOUT <?php fwrite(STDOUT,'Hello world');
STDERR <?php $handle = fopen('php://stderr','w'); fwrite($handle,'Serious error!'); fclose($handle);
STDERR <?php fwrite(STDERR,'Serious error!');
Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR <?php fwrite(STDOUT,'STDOUT output'.PHP_EOL); fwrite(STDERR,'STDERR output'.PHP_EOL); $"php"stdmix.php" STDOUT"output STDERR"output $
Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR <?php fwrite(STDOUT,'STDOUT output'.PHP_EOL); fwrite(STDERR,'STDERR output'.PHP_EOL); $"php"stdmix.php" STDOUT"output STDERR"output $
Looks% the%same
Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR $"php"stdmix.php">"/dev/null" STDERR"output $ $"php"stdmix.php"&>""/dev/null $
Mixing%STDOUT%&%STDERR $"php"stdmix.php">"/dev/null" STDERR"output $ $"php"stdmix.php"&>""/dev/null $ STDOUT% is%caught STDOUT% &%STDERR%are%
caught
AlternaLve%output <?php fclose(STDOUT); $handle = fopen(realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/ output.txt'),'a'); echo "Hello world!".PHP_EOL;
fclose($handle);
AlternaLve%output <?php fclose(STDOUT); $handle = fopen(realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/ output.txt'),'a'); echo "Hello world!".PHP_EOL;
fclose($handle); echo% output%is%wriqen% to%file
Piping $"php":r"'for($i=0;$i<10;$i++)"echo"$i.PHP_EOL;' 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 $"php":r"'for($i=0;$i<10;$i++)"echo"$i.PHP_EOL;'"|"wc":l """"""10 $
Readline <?php $name = readline("What's your name: "); $location =
readline("Where do you live: "); echo PHP_EOL."Hello $name from $location\n"; $"php"readline.php" What's"your"name:"Thijs Where"do"you"live:"Belgium Hello"Thijs"from"Belgium $
Shebang%!
Shebang%! #!/usr/bin/php <?php echo "Hello world".PHP_EOL; $"chmod"+x"shebang.php $"./shebang.php Hello"world $
Encore
Process%Control%should%not%be%enabled% within%a%web%server%environment%and% unexpected%results%may%happen%if%any% Process%Control%funcWons%are%used%within% a%web%server%environment.
Forking <?php $pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) {
//Forking failed } else if ($pid) { //Parent logic } else { //Child logic } Copy% program% execuWon PID%value% determines% context PID%of%child% process
Forking <?php $pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) {
die('could not fork'); } else if ($pid) { echo "[parent] Starting".PHP_EOL; pcntl_wait($status); echo "[parent] Exiting".PHP_EOL; } else { echo "[child] Starting".PHP_EOL; for($i=0;$i<3;$i++){ echo "[child] Loop $i".PHP_EOL; sleep(1); } echo "[child] Exiting".PHP_EOL; exit; }
Forking <?php $pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) {
die('could not fork'); } else if ($pid) { echo "[parent] Starting".PHP_EOL; pcntl_wait($status); echo "[parent] Exiting".PHP_EOL; } else { echo "[child] Starting".PHP_EOL; for($i=0;$i<3;$i++){ echo "[child] Loop $i".PHP_EOL; sleep(1); } echo "[child] Exiting".PHP_EOL; exit; } Perform% forking Wait%for%child% terminaWon
Signals <?php declare(ticks = 1); function sig_handler($signo) { switch ($signo)
{ case SIGTERM: echo PHP_EOL."SIGTERM".PHP_EOL; exit(); break; case SIGINT: echo PHP_EOL."SIGINT".PHP_EOL; exit(); break; } } pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, "sig_handler"); pcntl_signal(SIGINT, "sig_handler"); sleep(100);
Signals <?php declare(ticks = 1); function sig_handler($signo) { switch ($signo)
{ case SIGTERM: echo PHP_EOL."SIGTERM".PHP_EOL; exit(); break; case SIGINT: echo PHP_EOL."SIGINT".PHP_EOL; exit(); break; } } pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, "sig_handler"); pcntl_signal(SIGINT, "sig_handler"); sleep(100); Process% terminaWon Process% interrupWon Catch%signals
POSIX%process%control%funcLons <?php echo "[prefork] PID: ".posix_getpid().", parent PID: ".posix_getppid().PH P_EOL;
$pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) { die('could not fork'); } else if ($pid == 0) { echo "[child] PID: ".posix_getpid().", parent PID: " .posix_getppid().PHP_EOL; exit; } else { echo "[parent] PID: ".posix_getpid().", parent PID : ".posix_getppid().PHP_EOL; pcntl_wait($status);
POSIX%process%control%funcLons <?php echo "[prefork] PID: ".posix_getpid().", parent PID: ".posix_getppid().PH P_EOL;
$pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) { die('could not fork'); } else if ($pid == 0) { echo "[child] PID: ".posix_getpid().", paren t PID: ".posix_getppid().PHP_EOL; exit; } else { echo "[parent] PID: ".posix_getpid().", pare nt PID: ".posix_getppid().PHP_EOL; pcntl_wait($status); } Prefork%PID% ==% parent%PID Parent%PID% of%parent%==% session%PID parent% PID child%PID child%PID
POSIX%process%control%funcLons <?php $pid=pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) { die("could not
fork"); } else if ($pid) { $exists = posix_kill($pid,0)?'still':'no longer'; echo "[parent] Child process $pid $exists exists".PHP_EOL; echo "[parent] Killing child process $pid".PHP_EOL; posix_kill($pid,SIGTERM); echo "[parent] Child process $pid killed".PHP_EOL; pcntl_wait($status); $exists = posix_kill($pid,0)?'still':'no longer'; echo "[parent] Child process $pid $exists exists".PHP_EOL; } else { while(true){ sleep(100); } exit; }
POSIX%process%control%funcLons <?php $pid=pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) { die("could not
fork"); } else if ($pid) { $exists = posix_kill($pid,0)?'still':'no longer'; echo "[parent] Child process $pid $exists exists".PHP_EOL; echo "[parent] Killing child process $pid".PHP_EOL; posix_kill($pid,SIGTERM); echo "[parent] Child process $pid killed".PHP_EOL; pcntl_wait($status); $exists = posix_kill($pid,0)?'still':'no longer'; echo "[parent] Child process $pid $exists exists".PHP_EOL; } else { while(true){ sleep(100); } exit; } “KILL%0”%checks% existence Send%SIGTERM% signal Child%process% is%dead
Jeroen%Keppens:%@jkeppens http://www.slideshare.net/jkeppens/phpYinYtheYdark Talk% dedicated%to% process%control% in%PHP Check%this% guy%out%!
None
Q&A
Thanks%!