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Blink and you’ll miss it
Building a Progressive Web App with HTTP/2
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Dean Hume
@deanohume
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I work for a
company
called Settled
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No content
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Instead
➔ Transparent
➔ Online
➔ Everything to help
you get “Settled” into
your new home
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Our
Customers
56%
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● Was accessible on any device
We needed an experience that:
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● Was accessible on any device
● Was fast
We needed an experience that:
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● Was accessible on any device
● Was fast
● Works with little or no internet
connection
We needed an experience that:
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● Was accessible on any device
● Was fast
● Works with little or no internet
connection
● Used one codebase
We needed an experience that:
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● Was accessible on any device
● Was fast
● Works with little or no internet
connection
● Used one codebase
● Had an “app-like” feel
We needed an experience that:
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Progressive Web Apps
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This is our journey
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This talk
1. Basics of progressive web apps
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This talk
1. Basics of progressive web apps
2. Fast
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This talk
1. Basics of progressive web apps
2. Fast
3. Reliable
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This talk
1. Basics of progressive web apps
2. Fast
3. Reliable
4. Look and feel
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The basics
of
Progressive Web Apps
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These apps aren’t packaged and
deployed through stores, they’re
just websites that took all the right
vitamins.
Alex Russell
“
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Building blocks
Website
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Building blocks
Website Service
Worker
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Building blocks
Website Service
Worker
Manifest
File
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Building blocks
Website HTTPS
Service
Worker
Manifest
File
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Think of your web apps requests
as planes taking off.
ServiceWorker is the air traffic
controller that routes the
requests.
Jeff Posnick
“
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Behind the scenes
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With Service Workers
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With Service Workers
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With Service Workers
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With Service Workers
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Service Workers are
the key to unlocking
the power
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The perfect
progressive
enhancement.
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HTTPS Only
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Free SSL
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Support
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You are already using them
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2. Fast
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Caching
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Caching
HTTP/2
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Caching
HTTP/2
Techniques
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Caching
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With Service Workers
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With Service Workers
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First Visit
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No content
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No content
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Register
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Register Install
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Register Install Activate
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const cacheName = ‘pageCache’;
Caching
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const cacheName = ‘pageCache’;
this.addEventListener('install', event => {
event.waitUntil(caches.open(cacheName)
.then(function(cache) {
})
);
});
Caching
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const cacheName = ‘pageCache’;
this.addEventListener('install', event => {
event.waitUntil(caches.open(cacheName)
.then(function(cache) {
return cache.addAll(['result.min.css', './js/material.min.js']);
})
);
});
Caching
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const cacheName = ‘pageCache’;
this.addEventListener('install', event => {
event.waitUntil(caches.open(cacheName)
.then(function(cache) {
return cache.addAll(['result.min.css', './js/material.min.js']);
})
);
});
this.addEventListener('fetch', event => {
event.respondWith(caches.match(event.request)
.then(function (response) {
return response || fetch(event.request);
})
);
});
Caching
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bit.ly/sw-toolbox
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★ Fresh visit - 2 secs
★ Cached visit - 500 ms
★ Less load on the
server
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HTTP/2
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source: blog.cloudflare.com
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source: blog.cloudflare.com
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HTTPS
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npm install spdy
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npm install spdy
yarn add
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const spdy = require('spdy');
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
HTTP/2
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const spdy = require('spdy');
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
// Any incoming requests
app.get('/home', (req, res) => { res.status(200).json({message: 'ok'}); });
HTTP/2
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const spdy = require('spdy');
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
// Any incoming requests
app.get('/home', (req, res) => { res.status(200).json({message: 'ok'}); });
// Create the Server
spdy.createServer({
key: fs.readFileSync('./privatekey.key'),
cert: fs.readFileSync('./certificate.crt')
}, app)
.listen(8012, (err) => {
if (err) { throw new Error(err); }
console.log('Listening on port: 8012.');
});
HTTP/2
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Client Side
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Server Side
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Techniques
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We used no
JavaScript
frameworks.
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We rendered
the page
server-side.
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We experimented
with
HTTP/2 Push.
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No content
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Without H2 Push
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With H2 Push
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No content
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H2 Push
bit.ly/server-push-http2
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We also used
prefetch.
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No content
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No content
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We tested using
Lighthouse.
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Audit your Progressive Web App
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bit.ly/pwa-lighthouse
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15 x less data
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15 x less data
3x faster
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Caching
HTTP/2
Techniques
Summary
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No content
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Offline
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With Service Workers
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this.addEventListener('fetch', event => {
};
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this.addEventListener('fetch', event => {
// Check if the user navigated
if (event.request.method === 'GET' &&
event.request.headers.get('accept').includes('text/html')) {
// Respond appropriately
}
};
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this.addEventListener('fetch', event => {
// Check if the user navigated
if (event.request.method === 'GET' &&
event.request.headers.get('accept').includes('text/html')) {
// Respond appropriately
event.respondWith(
fetch(event.request.url).catch(error => {
// Return the offline page
return caches.match('the-offline-page');
}));
}
};
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No content
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Network
First
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Offline Applications
bit.ly/offline-page
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Offline Analytics
github.com/GoogleChrome/sw-helpers
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3rd Party Scripts
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Server Fails
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Using Service Workers
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Using Service Workers
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With Service Workers
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function timeout(delay) {
return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(function(){
resolve(new Response('', { status: 408, statusText: 'Request timed out.'
}));
}, delay);
});
}
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function timeout(delay) {
return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(function(){
resolve(new Response('', { status: 408, statusText: 'Request timed out.'
}));
}, delay);
});
}
self.addEventListener('fetch', event => {
});
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function timeout(delay) {
return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(function(){
resolve(new Response('', { status: 408, statusText: 'Request timed out.'
}));
}, delay);
});
}
self.addEventListener('fetch', event => {
event.respondWith(
Promise.race([timeout(6000), fetch(event.request.url)]));
});
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bit.ly/sw-toolbox
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toolbox.router.get('/(.*)', global.toolbox.cacheFirst, {
});
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toolbox.router.get('/(.*)', global.toolbox.cacheFirst, {
origin: /\.google\.com$/,
});
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toolbox.router.get('/(.*)', global.toolbox.cacheFirst, {
origin: /\.google\.com$/,
cache: {
name: 'javascript',
networkTimeoutSeconds: 4
}
});
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bit.ly/sw-timeout
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
Look & Feel
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No content
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
Look & Feel
❖ Manifest file
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
❖ Manifest file
❖ Add to Home
Screen
Look & Feel
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Manifest
A simple JSON file that allows
you to control how your app
appears to the user
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Look and feel
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{
lang: "en",
background_color: "#09adec",
name: "Settled",
short_name: "Settled Dashboard",
display: "standalone",
icons:
[
{
src: "./images/logo-144.png",
sizes: "144x144",
type: "image/png"
}
],
start_url: "/?start=a2hs",
orientation: "portrait"
}
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{
lang: "en",
background_color: "#09adec",
name: "Settled",
short_name: "Settled Dashboard",
display: "standalone",
icons:
[
{
src: "./images/logo-144.png",
sizes: "144x144",
type: "image/png"
}
],
start_url: "/?start=a2hs",
orientation: "portrait"
}
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{
lang: "en",
background_color: "#09adec",
name: "Settled",
short_name: "Settled Dashboard",
display: "standalone",
icons:
[
{
src: "./images/logo-144.png",
sizes: "144x144",
type: "image/png"
}
],
start_url: "/?start=a2hs",
orientation: "portrait"
}
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Manifest
bit.ly/manifest-json
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Add to
home
screen
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Add to home screen
1. You need a manifest.json file
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Add to home screen
1. You need a manifest.json file
2. Your manifest file needs a start URL
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Add to home screen
1. You need a manifest.json file
2. Your manifest file needs a start URL
3. You need a 144x144 PNG icon
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Add to home screen
1. You need a manifest.json file
2. Your manifest file needs a start URL
3. You need a 144x144 PNG icon
4. Your site is using a Service Worker running
over HTTPS
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Add to home screen
1. You need a manifest.json file
2. Your manifest file needs a start URL
3. You need a 144x144 PNG icon
4. Your site is using a Service Worker running
over HTTPS
5. The user has visited your site at least twice,
with at least five minutes between visits.
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{
lang: "en",
background_color: "#09adec",
name: "Settled",
short_name: "Settled Dashboard",
display: "standalone",
icons:
[
{
src: "./images/logo-144.png",
sizes: "144x144",
type: "image/png"
}
],
start_url: "/?start=a2hs",
orientation: "portrait"
}
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H
S
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
Summary
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
Summary
❖ Fast
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
Summary
❖ Fast
❖ Reliable
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App-like
Picture of mobile phones
Summary
❖ Fast
❖ Reliable
❖ Look & Feel
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What’s still to come?
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Push Notifications
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Web Share
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Web Share
bit.ly/webshare-api
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Brotli
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We are still learning
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No content
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No content
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Thank you!
@deanohume