テスト技法の話 / Testing techniques

by nametake

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ςετٕ๏ͷ࿩ @nametake

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ಉ஋Ϋϥε෼ׂ ͱ σγδϣϯςʔϒϧ

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ಉ஋Ϋϥε෼ׂ

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ͱ͋Δೖྗʹ͓͍ͯ ͲΕΛೖྗͯ͠΋ ಉ݁͡ՌʹͳΔ஋ͷ ू߹ʹ෼ׂ͢Δ

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ྫ

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೥ྸΛೖྗͯ͠ ޏ༻Λ൑ఆ͢Δ

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0~15ࡀ: ޏ༻͠ͳ͍ 16~18ࡀ: ΞϧόΠτ 19~64ࡀ: ਖ਼ࣾһ 65~ࡀ: ޏ༻͠ͳ͍

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0~15ࡀ 16~18ࡀ 19~64ࡀ 65~ࡀ

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0~15ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 16~18ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 19~64ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 65~ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε

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༗ޮಉ஋Ϋϥε ͱ ແޮಉ஋Ϋϥε

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֬ೝ͍ͨ͜͠ͱʹ ରͯͦ͠ͷಉ஋ Ϋϥε͕༗ޮ͔ Ͳ͏͔

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0~15ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 16~18ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 19~64ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 65~ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε

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0~15ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 16~18ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 19~64ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 65~ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε

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~-1ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 0~15ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 16~18ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 19~64ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 65~ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε

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~-1ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 0~15ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 16~18ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 19~64ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε 65~ࡀ ← ಉ஋Ϋϥε

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ܖ໿ʹΑΔઃܭͷ ࣄલ৚݅ͱ͔ͷ Πϝʔδ

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؆୯

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(ཧ۶্͸)

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ந৅౓্͕͕Δͱ ෼ׂ͕೉͍͠

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͜Ε্͕ख͘ Ͱ͖ͳ͍ͱ͜ͷޙͷ ςετٕ๏΋ ্ख͘ಈ͔ͳ͍

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ޙड़

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σγδϣϯςʔϒϧ

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࢓༷Λදʹͨ͠΋ͷ

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࡞Γํ

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ͦͷػೳͷಉ஋ Ϋϥε෼ׂͷର৅ʹ ͳΔཁૉΛݟ͚ͭΔ

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͜ͷཁૉͷ͜ͱΛ ʮҼࢠʯͱݺͿ

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ݟ͚ͭͨཁૉΛ ಉ஋Ϋϥε෼ׂ͢Δ

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෼ׂͨ͠ಉ஋Ϋϥε ͷ͜ͱΛʮਫ४ʯ ͱݺͿ

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ͦͷػೳͷ݁ՌΛ هड़͢Δ

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ྫ

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Χλϩά՝߲ۚ໨͕ ༗ޮ͔ແޮ͔

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σγδϣϯςʔϒϧ ͷऑ఺

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૊Έ߹Θͤരൃ

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͖ͬ͞ͷྫ

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2*2*4*2*2*3*3 = 576

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਺͕ଟ͍

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ςετ7ݪଇͷ2

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2. શ਺ςετ͸ ෆՄೳ

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Ͳ͏΍ͬͨΒ ݮΒͤΔ͔

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͋Γ͑ͳ͍ ૊Έ߹Θͤ

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ར༻։࢝೔ͷલ೔Ͱ͸ ։݄࢝ͷ೔ׂΓ͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍

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Ұճ՝ۚͷͱ͖ ྉۚܭࢉϞσϧ͸ ैྔ੍ݻఆͰ೔ׂΓ͸ແ͍

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σγδϣϯςʔϒϧ Λ࡞͔ͬͯΒ దٓ࡟ΔͰ΋͍͍

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ࣄલʹ࡟Δ ख๏΋͋Δ

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CFD๏

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Cause Flow Diagram

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ಉ஋Ϋϥε෼ׂ + CFD + σγδϣϯςʔϒϧ

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؆୯ͳྫ

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ిࢠϚωʔͷ ࣗൢػͷߪೖ

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4*3*2=24

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Cause Flow Diagram

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ಉ஋෼ׂͨ͠΋ͷΛ֤ϊʔυʹى͜͢ ݪҼϊʔυ ݁Ռϊʔυ

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ݪҼϊʔυΛ݁Ռϊʔυ·Ͱܨ͛Δ

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·ͩ·ͩݮΒͤΔ

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ແޮ஋

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΋͠ʮ࢒ߴʻߪೖֹʯͷਫ४ͷͱ͖ʹ ඞͣߪೖෆՄೳͳΒҰճ֬ೝ͢Ε͹ྑ͍

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24έʔε͕ 9έʔεʹ

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ΊͬͪΌݮΒͤΔ

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Χλϩά՝߲ۚ໨ Ͱ΋͍͍ײ͡ͷ ςετέʔε਺ʹ ͳΓͦ͏

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ࢼͯ͠ΈΔ

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Ұճ՝ۚͷͱ͖͸Ͳ͏ͭͳ͙ʜʜʁ

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Ұճ՝ۚͷͱ͖͸Ͳ͏ͭͳ͙ʜʜʁ ݄຤ͷͱ͖͚ͩ։݄࢝΋ ܨ͍͚͗ͨͲͲ͏͢Ε͹ʜʜʁ

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Ұճ՝ۚͷͱ͖͸Ͳ͏ͭͳ͙ʜʜʁ ݄຤ͷͱ͖͚ͩ։݄࢝΋ ܨ͍͚͗ͨͲͲ͏͢Ε͹ʜʜʁ ͦ΋ͦ΋ແޮʹͳΔ έʔεͬͯʜʜʁ

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্ख͍͔͘ͳ͍

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ͳ্ͥख͘ ͍͔ͳ͍͔

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Ҽࢠͱਫ४ͷ બఆϛε

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2ͭߟ͑Δ

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1. ࿦ཧతʹؔ܎͢Δ ࠷খݶͷҼࢠ͕ྻڍ ग़དྷ͍ͯΔ͔

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Χλϩά࡞੒

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ΧλϩάΞΠςϜͷར༻క೔ͱ ։݄࢝ͷ೔ׂΓ͸૬ޓʹӨڹ͢Δ

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ΧλϩάΞΠςϜͷར༻క೔ͱ ੥ٻपظ͸૬ޓʹӨڹ͠ͳ͍

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খ͍͞૊Έ߹Θͤʹ མͱ͠ࠐΊΔ

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ͱ͸͍͏΋ͷͷ ίʔυ্Ͱ͸ ૊Έ߹Θͤͷ֬ೝ͸ ඞཁͰ͸ʁ

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Ҽࢠʹஈ֊Λ ઃ͚ͯ֬ೝ͢Δ

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ిࢠϚωʔͷ ࣗൢػͷߪೖͷྫ

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Χʔυछผʹ஫໨

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༗ޮͳ஋ͱແޮͳ஋ʹ෼͚ΒΕΔ

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࣮૷্Χʔυछผ͕ଞͷ࣮૷ʹӨڹ͕ͳ͍৔߹ ͦΕͧΕͰͻͱ·ͱ·ΓʹͰ͖Δ

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ζʔϜΠϯ ζʔϜΞ΢τ ͱݺ͹ΕͯΔ

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Χλϩάͷྫʹ໭Δ

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͜Ε͸͜ΕͰςετΛ͢Δ

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͜ΕΛҼࢠͷͭʹ͢Δ

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͜ͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤࣗମΛ ͭͷҼࢠʹ͢Δ

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ͦͷஅ໘ʹ͓͚Δ ࿦ཧతͳ૊Έ߹Θͤ ͔Ͳ͏͔Λߟ͑Δ

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ؔ਺ͷInͱOutͷ ૊Έ߹Θͤͱͯ͠ දݱ͞ΕΔ͔

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΋͏1ͭ

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2. ςετର৅Λ ҙຯͷ͋ΔܗͰ ෼཭͢Δ

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Χλϩάͷྫ

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՝ۚλΠϓ

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ΦϖϨʔλʔͷ ߦಈ͔Βߟ͑Δ

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໰

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ఆظ՝ۚͱ Ұճ՝ۚͰ͸ ͦ΋ͦ΋ߟ͑ํ͕ ผͳͷͰ͸ʁ

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(ڪΒ͘)ผͷՄೳੑ͕ ඇৗʹߴ͍

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Ұճ՝ۚͱ ఆظ՝ۚ͸ ςʔϒϧΛ ผʹ͢Δ

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খ͍͞૊߹ͤදʹམͱ͠ࠐΉ

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ର৅Λখ͘͞ ෼ׂ͢Δ

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ςετද ϨϏϡʔͷίπ

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Ͳ͏΍ͬͯ࡟͔ͬͨ Λฉ͘

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ػೳࣗମ͸ ୲౰ऀ͕Ұ൪ৄ͍͠

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Ͳ͏࡟͔ͬͨΛ ฉ͘ͱ࿦ཧతͳ ·ͱ·ΓΛ೺Ѳ ͠΍͍͢(͔΋)

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ςετٕ๏ͷ ࢖͍ॴ

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࢖͍ํ͸Θ͔ͬͨ

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͍ͭ࢖͏͔

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҆৺Λ ಘΔͨΊʹ࢖͏

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όϦϡʔʹ͋Δਅ伨

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։ൃεϐʔυΛ ҡ࣋ͨ͠·· શ਺ςετ͸ ΍Γ͖Εͳ͍

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ςετࣗମ͸ શ݅ͨ͠΄͏͕͍͍ ͷ͸ࣗ໌

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ςετൣғ͸ ͜ΕͰ͍͍ͷ͔ʁ

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ࣗ෼ୡ͸Ռͨͯ͠ ਅ伨ͳͷ͔ʁ

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ςετٕ๏Λ࢖ͬͯ ࿦ཧతͳࠜڌΛ࡞Δ

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࿦ཧతͳࠜڌͰ ෆ҆Λղফ͍ͯ͘͠

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νʔϜ಺Ͱ ςετέʔεΛ ϨϏϡʔͯ͠ ҆৺͍ͯ͘͠

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͓ΘΓ