静的型付けプログラミング言語Shiika

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੩తܕ෇͚ϓϩάϥϛ ϯάݴޠShiika 2020-10-09 ࣗ࡞ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͷू͍ @yhara (Yutaka HARA)

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@yhara • ౡࠜݝࡏॅ • ωοτϫʔΫԠ༻௨৴ݚڀॴ • झຯɿݴޠॲཧܥͷ։ൃ • BiwaScheme (R7RS Scheme in JS) • ॻ੶ʰRubyͰͭ͘Δحົͳϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠʱ ࠷ۙͷڵຯɿΫϥϑτ Ϗʔϧࣗ࡞ΩʔϘʔ υ0DVMVT2VFTU $MBTI3PZBMF4PVM PG&EFO$PPLJF $MJDLFS

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• Brainf*ckͳͲͷ͍ΘΏΔesolangΛͭ͘Δຊ • খ͞ͳϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰॲཧܥ࣮૷Λֶ Ϳ • Ruby஌Βͳͯ͘΋OK

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Shiika • github: yhara/shiika • Ruby෩ͷจ๏ʴ੩తܕ෇͚ݴޠ • 2017ʙ • ࣮૷ɿRust + LLVM

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໨ඪ • ࣮༻ݴޠΛ໨ࢦ͢ • Χόʔൣғ͸Rubyͱ͍͍ͩͨಉ͡ 4IJJLB 3VCZ 8FCΞϓϦ ˕ ˕ εΫϦϓςΟϯά ˓ ˕ ήʔϜ ˕ ˓ ਺஋ܭࢉ ˓ ˚ ϫϯϥΠφɺίʔυΰϧϑ ˓

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σϞ • examples/ray.sk

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ಈػ • Ruby͕޷͖͚ͩͲ੩తܕ΋ཉ͍͠ • έΞϨεϛεΛ࣮ߦલʹڭ͑ͯ΄͍͠ • ܕ͕ॻ͍ͯ͋Δͱಡղʹ໾ཱͭ • ܕ͔Βઃܭ͢Δָ͠Έ • Rubyͷʮॻ͖ຯʯΛ࣋ͬͨ੩తܕݴޠΛ࡞Εͳ͍͔

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ʮॻ͖ຯʯͱ͸ʁʁ • ࢖͍ͪ͜͝ • ;Θͬͱ͍ͯ͠Δ…

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Rubyͷॻ͖ຯΛߏ੒͢Δ΋ͷ • ʮεΫϦϓτݴޠʯͰ͋Δ͜ͱ • ୹͘ॻ͚Δ • ֤छsyntax sugarɾ๛෋ͳ૊ΈࠐΈϝιου • ָ͞ʼੑೳ • Fixnum͔ΒBignum΁ͷࣗಈঢ֨ • େΫϥεओٛ(Hashͷॱং͕อ࣋͞ΕΔ౳)

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Rubyͷॻ͖ຯΛߏ੒͢Δ΋ͷ • ౷Ұײ • શ͕ͯΦϒδΣΫτͰ͋Δ (1.timesͱ͔) • if΍case-when΋஋Λ΋ͭ

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ݴޠઃܭͷτϨʔυΦϑ • ੑೳ vs ָ͞ • eg. Bignum • ಡΈ΍͢͞ vs ॻ͖΍͢͞ • eg. syntax sugar

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ݴޠઃܭ

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จ๏ • جຊRubyͱಉ͡ • ྫɿϝιουݺͼग़͠ͷׅހ͸লུՄ • EnumͳͲɺRubyʹͳ͍΋ͷ͸࢓༷Λݕ౼

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ܕγεςϜ • ͋·Γ೉͍͠΋ͷ͸ೖΕͨ͘ͳ͍(๻͕ಡΊͳ ͘ͳΔͷͰ) • ͱ͸͍͑δΣωϦΫε(parametricଟ૬)͘Β͍ ͸ཁΔ • ͳ͍ͱArray΋Hash΋࡞Εͳ͍…

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ΫϥεͱϝλΫϥε "abc" "abc".class #=> String String #=> String String.name #=> "String" String.class #=> Meta:String Array #=> Array Array.name #=> "Array" Array.new #=> [] Array.class #=> Meta:Array

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ͳͥClassͰ͸ͳ͍ͷ͔ • Rubyͩͱ String΋Array΋਌͸ClassΫϥε • ͔͠͠String.newͱArray.new͸(౰વͳ͕Β)γ άωνϟ͕ҧ͏ • => Class.newͷγάωνϟ͕ҰҙͰͳ͍ • => ͦΕͧΕҧ͏਌Λ΋ͭ͜ͱʹͨ͠

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༨ஊɿΫϥεͱܕͷؔ܎ • Ϋϥε != ܕ • ྫɿfoo(x: Float) • x͸FloatͷଞʹIntͰ΋Α͍ • ܕʹ஋ͷू߹(ͲͷΑ͏ͳΫϥεͷΠϯελϯ εΛڐ͔͢) ͜͜͸ΫϥεͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ ܕΛॻ͘ཝ

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ޓ׵ੑʹ͍ͭͯ • Rubyͱͷޓ׵ੑ͸ॏࢹ͠ͳ͍ɻྫɿ • Ruby: "foo".start_with?("f") • Rust: "foo".starts_with("f") • startsʹ߹Θ͍ͤͨ

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ࠓޙͷల๬

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ೖΕ͍ͨ΋ͷ • Enum (Option͕΄͍͠) • ύλʔϯϚον

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ݕ౼தͷ΋ͷ • RubyͷModuleతͳ΋ͷ • ྫ֎ʁ • async/await

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ೖΕͳ͍΋ͷ • Ϣʔβఆٛԋࢉࢠ • ߏจ໦ϚΫϩ • ಡղ͕େมͳͷͰ • Rubyͷdeﬁne_methodͷΑ͏ʹɺओͳ༻్ΛΧόʔ͢Δ΋ͷ(Ṗ)Λ୅Θ ΓʹೖΕ͍ͨ • ηϧϑϗετ͸͠ͳ͍ • σόοά͕େม • ௒௕ظతʹ͸ੑೳ͕ॏཁʹͳΔ

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΍Δ͜ͱ͸ແݶʹ͋Δ • ... • ෼ׂίϯύΠϧ • ඪ४ϥΠϒϥϦ • ύοέʔδγεςϜ • ...

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Ұॹʹ΍Γ·͠ΐ͏ʂʂ • ݴޠॲཧܥSlack • https://prog-lang-sys-ja-slack.github.io/ wiki/ • νϟϯωϧ #shiika • https://github.com/yhara/shiika