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CRITICAL MMMASS
Sustainable Architecture for Monday Morning
Manoochehri | KTH-A | 110309
METHODS 2
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CLASS INPUT
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METHOD COMMENT
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OVERVIEW
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Sustainable Architecture?
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Sustainable Architecture?
‘New’ constraints into old design method
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Sustainable Architecture?
‘New’ constraints into old design method
Solar > Fossil > Solar Paradigm?
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Sustainable Architecture?
‘New’ constraints into old design method
Solar > Fossil > Solar Paradigm?
Physical/historical framework of the ‘new’ constraints (i.e. old constraints)
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Sustainable Architecture?
‘New’ constraints into old design method
Solar > Fossil > Solar Paradigm?
Physical/historical framework of the ‘new’ constraints (i.e. old constraints)
Metrics?
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Sustainable Architecture?
‘New’ constraints into old design method
Solar > Fossil > Solar Paradigm?
Physical/historical framework of the ‘new’ constraints (i.e. old constraints)
Metrics?
Cardinal? Ordinal? Longitudinal? Industry?
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RECAP
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Metrics
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Metrics
Metrics
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Metrics
Metrics
Key questions | Why? How? Problems?
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Metrics
Metrics
Key questions | Why? How? Problems?
Main cardinal metrics
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Metrics
Metrics
Key questions | Why? How? Problems?
Main cardinal metrics
Aggregation (and indexes) vs Complexity
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Metrics
Metrics
Key questions | Why? How? Problems?
Main cardinal metrics
Aggregation (and indexes) vs Complexity
Status of ecofootprint
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Metrics
Metrics
Key questions | Why? How? Problems?
Main cardinal metrics
Aggregation (and indexes) vs Complexity
Status of ecofootprint
Status of LEED, BREEAM
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Method?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
vs Creativity & Freedom
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
vs Creativity & Freedom
> PRINCIPLES?
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
vs Creativity & Freedom
> PRINCIPLES?
Workflow
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
vs Creativity & Freedom
> PRINCIPLES?
Workflow
vs Metrics
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
vs Creativity & Freedom
> PRINCIPLES?
Workflow
vs Metrics
vs Palette
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Method?
Well, what is it?
Architecture has got away with weak constraint
defintiions.
Architecture method is at least PROCESS
Use of metrics?
How are these integrated into design method?
Start by actually defining constraints.
What else?
Priorities & Hierarchies?
vs Creativity & Freedom
> PRINCIPLES?
Workflow
vs Metrics
vs Palette
> PROCESS?
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CONTENT 0
WHY METHOD?
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Clarification
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
Accelerator & Communicator
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
Accelerator & Communicator
Helps to speed up change and collaboration
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
Accelerator & Communicator
Helps to speed up change and collaboration
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
Accelerator & Communicator
Helps to speed up change and collaboration
Guide
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Clarification
Framework of understanding, to reveal assumptions
Internal Skills / Assumptions / Knowledge
Pool of background skills, viewpoints, knowledge
Tool
Helps to achieve results
Accelerator & Communicator
Helps to speed up change and collaboration
Guide
Helps to achieve and assess quality
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CONTENT 1
WHAT IS METHOD?
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R U
ANALYSIS CREATIVITY
M
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C
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N
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Q
U
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M
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T
H
O
D
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R U
ANALYSIS CREATIVITY
M
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T
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I
C
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T
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C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
E
T
H
O
D
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R U
ANALYSIS CREATIVITY
M
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I
C
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T
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C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
E
T
H
O
D
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R U
ANALYSIS CREATIVITY
M
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T
R
I
C
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T
E
C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
E
T
H
O
D
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R U
M
E
T
R
I
C
S
T
E
C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
E
T
H
O
D
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R U
M
E
T
R
I
C
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T
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C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
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T
H
O
D
FORM-FINDING
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R U
M
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T
R
I
C
S
T
E
C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
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T
H
O
D
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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R U
M
E
T
R
I
C
S
T
E
C
H
N
I
Q
U
E
S
M
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T
H
O
D
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
PRINCIPLES
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BRIEF /
PROG
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BRIEF /
PROG
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BRIEF /
PROG
FORM
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BRIEF /
PROG
FORM
METHOD
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BRIEF /
PROG
FORM
METHOD
PROCESS
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No content
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R U
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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R U
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
BRIEF /
PROG
FORM
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R U
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
BRIEF /
PROG
FORM
METHOD
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METHOD
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METHOD =
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METHOD
PROCESS
PRINCIPLES
=
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BRIEF
FORM
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BRIEF
FORM
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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PREPARATION
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
context
priorities PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
context
priorities
experience
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
context
priorities
experience
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
site!
priorities
experience
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
context
priorities
experience
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
site!
priorities
experience
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
context
priorities
experience
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
site!
priorities
experience
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
univ’l
hierarchy
authorship
context
priorities
experience
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
site!
priorities
experience
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
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No content
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PROCESS ACTION
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
ANALYSIS
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
AUTHORSHIP
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
AUTHORSHIP
EXPERIENCE
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
DESIGN / SCIENCE
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
AUTHORSHIP
EXPERIENCE
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
DESIGN / SCIENCE
GENERATIVITY
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
AUTHORSHIP
EXPERIENCE
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
DESIGN / SCIENCE
GENERATIVITY
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
AUTHORSHIP
EXPERIENCE
PROCESS CHARACTER
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PROCESS ACTION
SITE SELECTION
AGGREGATION
ITERATION
COMMUNICATION
COLLABORATION
MANAGEMENT
DESIGN / SCIENCE
GENERATIVITY
ANALYSIS
HIERARCHY
PRIORITY
CREATIVITY
AUTHORSHIP
EXPERIENCE
PROCESS CHARACTER
DISCOVERY
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
DISCOVERY
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
DISCOVERY
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CONTENT 2
INDUSTRY METHODS
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Methods
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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No content
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Sustainable sites (14 points)
Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Plan (required)
Site selection (1 pt)
Development density and community connectivity (1 pt)
Brownfield redevelopment (1 pt)
Alternative transportation availability (3 pts)
Public transportation access (1 pt)
Bicycle storage and changing rooms (1 pt)
Parking capacity and carpooling (1 pt)
Reduced site disturbance (2 pt)
Protect or restore open space (1 pt)
Development footprint
Stormwater management (2 pts)
Rate and quantity (1 pt)
Treatment (1 pt)
Reduce heat islands (2 pts)
Roof (1 pt)
Non-roof (1 pt)
Light pollution reduction (1 pt)
Water efficiency (5 points)
Water efficient landscaping (2 pt)
Reduce by 50% (1 pt)
No potable use or no irrigation (1 pt)
Innovative wastewater technologies (1 pt)
Water use reduction (2 pt)
Energy and atmosphere (17 points)
Fundamental commissioning (required)
Minimum (code) energy performance (required)
Fundamental Refrigerant Management (required)
Optimize energy performance by 14% (new) or 7%
(existing) buildings (2 pts, required as of June 26, 2007)
Energy optimization (8 pts in addition to the 2 required
above)
On-site renewable energy (3 pts)
Ozone depletion (1 pt)
Measurement and verification (1 pt)
Green power (1 pt)
Materials and resources (13 points)
Storage and collection of recyclables (required)
Building reuse (3 pts):
75% reuse of building structure and shell excluding
windows (1 pt)
100% reuse of building structure and 50% of walls, floors,
ceilings (1 pt)
Construction waste reuse or recycling (by weight or
volume) (2 pts):
50% diversion (1 pt)
75% diversion (1 pt)
Reuse of existing materials (by cost) (2 pts)
5% salvaged or refurbished materials (1 pt)
10% salvaged or refurbished materials (1 pt)
Recycled content (2 pts)
Criteria vary in recent versions of LEED, but depend on
value of pre- and post-consumer recycled content (2 pt)
Use of local materials (2 pts)
Fabrication shop within 500 miles (800 km) of building
site and raw materials source within 500 miles (800 km) of
building site, 10% (1 pt) or 20% (+1 pt).
Rapidly renewable materials (1 pt)
Certified Wood (1 pt)
Indoor environmental quality (15 points)
Minimum indoor air quality (required)
Environmental tobacco smoke control (required)
Outdoor air delivery monitoring (1 pt)
Increased ventilation (1 pt)
Construction indoor air quality management (2 pt)
Indoor chemical and pollutant source control (1 pt)
Controllability of systems (2 pt)
Thermal comfort (2 pt)
Daylight and views (2 pt)
Innovation and design process (5 points)
Examples for up to four design points using steel
construction include structure as finish, structure as
plumbing, lightweight materials, recyclability, and potential
for disassembly.
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Sustainable sites (14 points)
Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Plan (required)
Site selection (1 pt)
Development density and community connectivity (1 pt)
Brownfield redevelopment (1 pt)
Alternative transportation availability (3 pts)
Public transportation access (1 pt)
Bicycle storage and changing rooms (1 pt)
Parking capacity and carpooling (1 pt)
Reduced site disturbance (2 pt)
Protect or restore open space (1 pt)
Development footprint
Stormwater management (2 pts)
Rate and quantity (1 pt)
Treatment (1 pt)
Reduce heat islands (2 pts)
Roof (1 pt)
Non-roof (1 pt)
Light pollution reduction (1 pt)
Water efficiency (5 points)
Water efficient landscaping (2 pt)
Reduce by 50% (1 pt)
No potable use or no irrigation (1 pt)
Innovative wastewater technologies (1 pt)
Water use reduction (2 pt)
Energy and atmosphere (17 points)
Fundamental commissioning (required)
Minimum (code) energy performance (required)
Fundamental Refrigerant Management (required)
Optimize energy performance by 14% (new) or 7%
(existing) buildings (2 pts, required as of June 26, 2007)
Energy optimization (8 pts in addition to the 2 required
above)
On-site renewable energy (3 pts)
Ozone depletion (1 pt)
Measurement and verification (1 pt)
Green power (1 pt)
Materials and resources (13 points)
Storage and collection of recyclables (required)
Building reuse (3 pts):
75% reuse of building structure and shell excluding
windows (1 pt)
100% reuse of building structure and 50% of walls, floors,
ceilings (1 pt)
Construction waste reuse or recycling (by weight or
volume) (2 pts):
50% diversion (1 pt)
75% diversion (1 pt)
Reuse of existing materials (by cost) (2 pts)
5% salvaged or refurbished materials (1 pt)
10% salvaged or refurbished materials (1 pt)
Recycled content (2 pts)
Criteria vary in recent versions of LEED, but depend on
value of pre- and post-consumer recycled content (2 pt)
Use of local materials (2 pts)
Fabrication shop within 500 miles (800 km) of building
site and raw materials source within 500 miles (800 km) of
building site, 10% (1 pt) or 20% (+1 pt).
Rapidly renewable materials (1 pt)
Certified Wood (1 pt)
Indoor environmental quality (15 points)
Minimum indoor air quality (required)
Environmental tobacco smoke control (required)
Outdoor air delivery monitoring (1 pt)
Increased ventilation (1 pt)
Construction indoor air quality management (2 pt)
Indoor chemical and pollutant source control (1 pt)
Controllability of systems (2 pt)
Thermal comfort (2 pt)
Daylight and views (2 pt)
Innovation and design process (5 points)
Examples for up to four design points using steel
construction include structure as finish, structure as
plumbing, lightweight materials, recyclability, and potential
for disassembly.
FAD
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No content
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Methods
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Industry metrics as methods?
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Industry metrics as methods?
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
DISCOVERY
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DELIVERY
INITIATION
PREPARATION
DESIGN
PROPOSAL
BRIEF
FORM
FINAL DRAFT
FORM-FINDING FORM-GIVING
DISCOVERY
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METRICS
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METRICS SIGNATURE
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METRICS SIGNATURE
SYSTEMATICS
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METRICS SIGNATURE
SYSTEMATICS
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Methods
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
Systematics | Step by Step
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
Systematics | Step by Step
Signatures | Piece by Piece
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
Systematics | Step by Step
Signatures | Piece by Piece
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Sustainable Design
= R/U
= (R/P . P/FS . FS/UC . UC/U)
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32
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Social Discourse
Programme/Brief
Functional Decomposition
vehicle >
property >
food >
growth >
mobility >
space >
nutrition >
wealth >
access
accommodation
health
wellbeing
Meta Programme Social Discourse Components
Hard Programme Buildings, Infrastructure
Soft Programme Aesthetics, Mood, Culture
Politics
Identity
Inclusion
Crime
Environment
Nature
Ethics
Risk
Cost
Pollution Reduction Stock Conservation Nature Preservation
Sufficiency
Compassion
S
E
MATERIAL SPATIAL SOCIAL PERSONAL
OBJECTS ACTIONS
STRUCTURES
Resource
Efficiency
Functional
Efficiency Use
Efficiency
Welfare
Efficiency
User Skills Development
End-use services
D
Simultaneous / Sequential Spatial F
Simultaneous / Sequential Object F
Elimination of Negative F
Process
Efficiency
Product
Efficiency
Localisation
Cycling Systems
Durability
Simultaneous / Sequential UC
Social Discourse
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!
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Methods
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
Systematics | Step by Step
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
Systematics | Step by Step
Signatures | Piece by Piece
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Methods
Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc
Metrics | Measure by Measure
Systematics | Step by Step
Signatures | Piece by Piece
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CRITICAL MMMASS
Sustainable Architecture for Monday Morning
[email protected] | KTH-A | 110309
METHODS 2