Designing Audio Plugin Framework for Android atsushieno @ github, speakerdeck, google, facebook, twitter(ja) 

How do we compose music?　　　 

How do we compose music on PC? DAW audio plugins MIDI devices 

What is Audio Plugin? Instrument (Synth) Effector 

What is Audio Plugin "Framework" ? A common interface makes them interoperable Audio Plugin Fx Hosts (DAWs) Plugins 

Existing Audio Plugin Frameworks Linux Windows Mac iOS Android VST Audio Unit LADSPA / LV2 !? 

Linux Windows Mac iOS VST Filling the Gap Audio Unit LADSPA / LV2 Android !! AAP 

Demo (recorded) (Audio plugin devs don't develop and test with DAWs. Instead, we use simple "host" for testing.) 

Keys to successful audio plugin framework? bigger ecosystem API/ABI stability and extensibility Meet audio plugin requirements 

Keys to successful audio plugin framework? bigger ecosystem API/ABI stability and extensibility Meet realtime audio equirements 

Know how plugins are developed 01 02 Audio processing (DSP) Design Plugin 03 04 Plugin UI Package Plugin Bundles How the plugin works ? (especially regarding user inputs) 

Know how plugins are developed it is mostly about byte (float) array processing 01 02 Audio processing (DSP) Design Plugin 03 04 Plugin UI Package Plugin Bundles void applyPlugin( vector midiMessages, vector audioInputs, vector audioOutputs) { switch(current_program) { case PIANO: piano(midiMessages, audioOutputs); break; case GUITAR: ... } } 

Know how plugins are developed 01 02 Design Plugin Audio processing (DSP) 03 04 Plugin UI Package Plugin Bundles cross-platform? per platform? Only for Win/Mac? 

Know how plugins are developed 01 02 Design Plugin Audio processing (DSP) 03 04 Plugin UI Package Plugin Bundles VST? AU? LV2? 

Easily import existing plugins VST3 AU LV2 AAP they often use cross-platform, cross-plugin frameworks... JUCE ...or, they can often "wrap" foreign plugins. LV2 

Keys to successful audio plugin framework? bigger ecosystem API/ABI stability and extensibility Meet realtime audio requirements 

What if we lose compatibility... incompatible versions = smaller ecosystem :( Audio Plugin Fx Hosts (DAWs) Plugins 

Keys to successful audio plugin framework? bigger ecosystem API/ABI stability and extensibility Meet realtime audio requirements 

Realtime Audio Requirements Audio processing has to be done in "realtime", in 10ms-ish Realtime != high performance processing. WCET (worst case exec. time) matters. Realtime blockers: GC, JIT, I/O, thread blocking, many system calls... non-RT? audio glitches, out-of-sync performance, dropouts = noise 

Realtime Audio Requirements blocking syscalls for example... seealso: Real-time 101 videos @Audio Developers Conference 2019 

Android-specific issues? DAWs cannot load plugins in-process Plugins (kinda) have to be distributed via Google Play either only DAW or only plugin app can show the UI NO dlopen() App Distribution Single Activity 

Process isolation Process Process Desktop in general Process Host (DAW) Plugin Plugin Android Process Host (DAW) Plugin Plugin 

IPC-based plugin chains need to use ASharedMemory (ashmem) NdkBinder: native Binder API - minSdkVersion 29 "Android IPC mechanism" by jserv Though it's still full of mutex... 

UI architecture (draft stage) It's nicer if plugin UI can be loaded on the working DAW But UI code (Java or native) from the plugin app cannot be loaded on DAW Otherwise application/Activity has to switch around too often Will popup via WINDOW_MANAGER service work? (needs investigation) What if the plugin UI is in HTML so that WebView can load it?? 

UI architecture - web UI (idea only) my desktop PoC (LV2) >>> Web-tech based UI is also in... ● iPlug2 WebUI ● mod-ui ● blueprint (JUCE/React) ● juce_emscripten ongoing work anyways, issue #34 

Further thoughts / discussions... Should we ever invent another plugin framework? Are existing code really useful on mobile? because mobile is too different... Maybe UIs aren't. Audio parts are. 

Thanks! Repos ● android-audio-plugin-framework ● aap-lv2 ● aap-juce 

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