Event Sourcing+CQRS を活用するスケーラブルアプリケーション開発 / event-sourcing-cqrs-v2

by yuuki takezawa

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Event Sourcing+CQRSΛ׆༻͢Δ εέʔϥϒϧΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ։ൃ yuuki takezawa AWS Dev Day Tokyo 2018

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Proﬁle • ஛ᖒ ༗و / ytake • גࣜձࣾΞΠελΠϧ CTO • PHP, Hack, Go, Scala • Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, Apache Kafka  • twitter https://twitter.com/ex_takezawa • facebook https://www.facebook.com/yuuki.takezawa • github https://github.com/ytake

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ੒௕

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯྫ • ϩάΠϯϢʔβʔ͸ίϝϯτ͕౤ߘͰ͖Δ • ະϩάΠϯϢʔβʔ͸ӾཡͷΈ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ͓ؾʹೖΓͨ͠ϢʔβʔͷίϝϯτΛӾཡͰ͖Δ • ࣌ܥྻͰίϝϯτΛӾཡͰ͖Δ • ίϝϯτͷ࡟আ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ίϝϯτͷฤू͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍   ͳͲ

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ࣮૷ • ೝূػೳͷ࣮૷  • ίϝϯτ౤ߘɺฤूɺӾཡػೳ࣮૷  • ݕࡧػೳͷ࣮૷

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γϯϓϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯߏ੒

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ෳࡶԽ͢ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ • ػೳ௥Ճ  • ίϝϯτ৘ใΛଞͷػೳͰར༻͍ͨ͠  • ৚݅ʹΑΔҰཡ৘ใͷιʔτมߋ  Ϣʔβʔ৘ใଐੑʹΑΔιʔτॱมߋ

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ෳࡶԽ͢ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ

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ංେԽ͢ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ • ऩӹԽͷͨΊͷػೳ  • རศੑͷͨΊͷػೳ • طଘػೳͷ֦ு

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ංେԽ͢ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯɾσʔλϕʔεϦϑΝΫλϦϯά • ݁߹ͨ͠ػೳΛίϯϙʔωϯτఏڙ  • APIʹΑΔσʔλૢ࡞ͷந৅Խ  • σʔλϕʔεύϑΥʔϚϯεվળ 

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯɾσʔλϕʔεϦϑΝΫλϦϯά

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ڊେͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΁

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ਂࠁͳ໰୊ • ࢓༷มߋʹ൐͏ίϯϙʔωϯτमਖ਼ͱϦϦʔεෳࡶԽ  ϥΠϒϥϦͷόʔδϣϯ͋͛ͳ͖Όɾɾʂ  ͋ͷػೳΛऔΓࠐΉʹ͸͋Εͱ͜Εͱɾɾɾ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯؒ࿈ܞͷෳࡶԽ  APIमਖ਼ʹ൐͏Өڹൣғௐࠪ • σʔλಉظͷෳࡶԽ  ϦΞϧλΠϜͰσʔλ͕ཉ͍͠  ΠϯσοΫεߋ৽͕ఆظ࣮ߦ

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੒௕͍ͯ͘͠ࣄۀʹ߹Θͤͯɺ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ Ͳ͏εέʔϧ͍͔ͤͯ͘͞

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มΘΓΏ͘؀ڥ • σʔλΛऔಘ͢Δʹ͸ʁ  APIίʔϧʹΑΔ౎౓֬ೝʁ  Ωϟογϡ͸Կ෼ʁ  • ͦΕͧΕͷαʔϏεͰͦΕͧΕͷݴޠ΁  ͋ΔαʔϏε͸PHPɺ͋ΔαʔϏεͰ͸Go ScalaͳͲ 

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σʔλॲཧ Ϣʔβʔ৘ใ͸౎౓໰͍߹Θͤ ৘ใΛߋ৽ͨ͠৔߹Ͱ΋  ґଘαʔϏε͕ͳ͍ͨΊ໰୊ͳ͠

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σʔλॲཧͷෳࡶԽ Ϣʔβʔ৘ใมߋ Ϣʔβʔ৘ใ࡟আ Ϣʔβʔ৘ใ͕ݟ͔ͭΒͳ͍ͨΊ  σʔλॲཧ͝ͱʹ"1*ΞΫηε ͋ͦ͜ͱͦ͜Ͱ৘ใ͕ҧ͏ʂ  Ͳͷσʔλ͕ຊ෺ʁ શͯͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔Β  Ωϟογϡͳ͠ͰΞΫηε  ৗʹߴෛՙঢ়ଶʹ

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Event / Application Side

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Event? • Observerύλʔϯ • ʙͨ࣌͠ʹɺʙ͢Δ Λදݱ͢Δ • ༷ʑͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͰར༻͞ΕΔ

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Event / Application • γεςϜཁ݅ɾػೳͱͯ͠औΓೖΕΔέʔε΋ଟ͍ • Request͕དྷͨΒɺRouteΛىಈͤ͞Δ • ʙͷॲཧ͕׬ྃͨ͠Βɺϩάʹॻ͖ग़͢

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public function __invoke( FulltextRequest $request ): RedirectResponse { // ొ࿥ॲཧޙʹevent try { $entity = new Entity(1, ‘testing’); $this->dispatcher->dispatch( new SinkConnect($this->usecase->run($entity)) ); } catch(\RuntimeException $e) { // Կ͔errorॲཧ } return $this->redirector->route('fulltext.index'); }

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ҰͭͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ৔߹ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺ͷ༷ʑͳग़དྷࣄΛ  ObserverΛ࢖࣮ͬͯ૷͢Δ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷΫϥε͕ංେԽͨ࣌͠  খ͞ͳΫϥεʹ෼ׂ͢Δ৔߹΍ɺ  ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάʹར༻͢Δ͜ͱ΋  • ୯ҰͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺Ͱ࣮૷͢Δ৔߹ʹ༗༻

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ߟྀ͢Δ͜ͱ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯؒͰ࿈ܞ͢Δ৔߹͸Ͳ͏͢΂͖͔ • ʙͨ࣌͠ʹɺʙ͢Δ  ଞͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯɾݴޠͰ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ͔  ੾Γग़͢ඞཁ͕͋Δ͔Ͳ͏͔

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Event Sourcing

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Event Sourcing • ΠϕϯτΛه࿥ͯ͠࠶ݱ͢Δύλʔϯ • ΠϕϯτΛΠϕϯτετΞʹอଘ • ه࿥͞ΕͨΠϕϯτ͔ΒΦϒδΣΫτΛ෮ݩ • ΠϕϯτʴϩάʴΦϒδΣΫτɺΠϕϯτ͸ෆม • ൃੜͨ͠ࣄ࣮Λ఻͑Δ

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Event SourcingΛಋೖ͢΂͖Ͱ͸ͳ͍৔߹ • ΠϕϯτΛه࿥ͯ͠࠶ݱ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍৔߹ • ه࿥͞ΕͨΠϕϯτ͔Β  ΦϒδΣΫτΛ෮ݩ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍৔߹ • খن໛ͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯɺ  γϯϓϧͳCRUD͔͠ͳ͍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ

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Event Sourcing • Ͳ͏΍࣮ͬͯ૷͢Δ͔ʁ • RDBMSͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤͯશͯͷΠϕϯτ৘ใΛอ؅ʁ • େن໛ͳσʔλʹ͸ରԠͰ͖Δ͔ʁ • ר͖໭͠ͷॲཧ͸Ͳ͏͢Δ͔ʁ

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Asynchronous / Synchronous Event

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ಉظΠϕϯτ • Πϕϯτ͸ಉظॲཧͰ͋Δ΂͖͔Ͳ͏͔  Πϕϯτൃੜ࣌ʹଈ࠲ʹଞΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ൓ө͢Δ ඞཁ͕͋Δ͔ • ΠϕϯτൃߦɺΠϕϯτཤྺอ࣋ɺ  αϒεΫϥΠόʹΑΔσʔλӬଓԽΛߦ͏

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ඇಉظΠϕϯτ • Πϕϯτ͸ඇಉظʹͰ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔  Πϕϯτ͕ൃੜͨ͜͠ͱΛ୲อ͠ɺ  ൓ө͸஗Ԇͤͯ͞΋Α͍͔ • ΠϕϯτൃߦɺΠϕϯτཤྺอ࣋·Ͱ  σʔλӬଓԽ͸஗ԆͰ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ

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CQRS

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ੒௕Ͱൃੜ͢Δ໰୊ • σʔλͱύϑΥʔϚϯε • αʔϏε੒௕ͱڞʹ૿͑ΔෳࡶͳΫΤϦͱ༰ྔ • σʔλͷਖ਼͠͞(ਖ਼نԽ)͔ޮ཰Խ͔(ඇਖ਼نԽ) • RDBMSͷෆಘҙ෼໺ + NoSQLʹΑΔΧόʔ  ಉظํ๏ͷෳࡶԽ

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σʔλϕʔεઃܭͷ೰Έ • ਖ਼نԽͱநग़͍ͨ͠σʔλͷΪϟοϓ • நग़͍ͨ͠σʔλʹ߹ΘͤͨઃܭΛ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΔ  ੍໿͕͔͚ΒΕͳ͍δϨϯϚ • ࣮૷ίʔυͰ୲อ͢ΔͨΊʹෳࡶԽ

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ཁٻ࢓༷ʹରԠ͢ΔͨΊʹ  σʔλϕʔεͰશͯରԠ͢Δͷ͸ਖ਼͍͔͠ ਖ਼نԽɺඇਖ਼نԽ͸  ಉ࣠͡Ͱߟ͑Δ΂͖͔

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CQRS "A few myths about CQRS". Ouarzy's Blog.   http://www.ouarzy.com/2016/10/02/a-few-myths-about-cqrs/ ࢀর

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CQRSͱ͸Կ͔ • ॻ͖ࠐΈ(෭࡞༻͋Γ)ͱ  ಡΈࠐΈ(෭࡞༻ͳ͠)Λ෼཭͢Δ • ෭࡞༻͋Γ͸σʔλͳͲʹԿΒ͔ͷมߋΛ༩͑Δ΋ͷ  • ॻ͖ࠐΈ => Command  • ಡΈࠐΈ => Query

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CQRS • ͋ΒΏΔϝιου͸ɺΞΫγϣϯΛ࣮ߦ͢ΔίϚϯυ ͔ɺݺͼग़͠ݩʹσʔλΛฦ͢ΫΤϦ͔ͷ͍ͣΕ͔Ͱ ͋ͬͯɺ྆ํΛߦͬͯ͸ͳΒͳ͍ɻ͜Ε͸ɺ࣭໰Λ͢Δ ͜ͱͰճ౴ΛมԽͤͯ͞͸ͳΒͳ͍ͱ͍͏͜ͱͩɻ    "Greg YoungྲྀCQRS - Mark Nijhof". Digital Romanticism.   http://d.hatena.ne.jp/digitalsoul/20100712/1278886009 ࢀর  

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Command • ੔߹ੑ  ੍໿Λ͔͚ͯਖ਼͘͠ɺݎ͘ • ॻ͖ࠐΈɺߋ৽ɺ࡟আॲཧ͸  ಡΈࠐΈʹൺ΂ͯޮ཰ੑ΍଎౓ɺ  εέʔϥϏϦςΟΛҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱ͸͋·Γͳ͍

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Query • ੔߹ੑΑΓ΋ݕࡧޮ཰ • ΄ͱΜͲͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ͓͍ͯɺ  ॻ͖ࠐΈΑΓ΋ݕࡧͷൺॏ͕େ͖͍͜ͱ͕΄ͱΜͲ • εέʔϧ͕༰қͰ͋Δ͜ͱɺ  ߴ଎ͳύϑΥʔϚϯεͰ͋Δ͜ͱ

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Command, Query෼཭࣌ͷσʔλϕʔε

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Command

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Command

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Query

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CQRS Application Application

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ཧ۶͸Θ͔Δ͚Ͳɺ Ͳ͏࣮૷͢Ε͹͍͍ͷ͔ʁ ಉظ͸Ͳ͏͢Δͷʁ

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Event Sourcing + CQRS

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Event Sourcing / Command ྫ

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Event Sourcing / Command ྫ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔Β Πϕϯτૹ৴

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Event Sourcing / Command ྫ ϝοηʔδΛड͚औΓɺ ஋ͷՃ޻ͳͲ

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Event Sourcing / Command ྫ RDBMS΍ɺNoSQLͳͲ ༻్ʹ߹Θͤͯॻ͖ࠐΈ

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Event Sourcing / Command ྫ ଞͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔Β σʔλϕʔεͷΈΛࢀর Ճ޻ʹ͍ͭͯͷ஌ࣝ͸஌Βͳ͍

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Cache System σʔλϕʔεߋ৽  $PNNBOE σʔλϕʔεߋ৽׬ྃΠϕϯτ  &WFOU4PVSDJOH σʔλϕʔεߋ৽׬ྃݕ஌  &WFOU-JTUFOFS Ωϟογϡ࡟আͳͲ

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Event Sourcing • CommandɺQueryɺEvent Sourcing͸  ผΞϓϦέʔγϣϯɾݴޠͰ࣮૷Ͱ͖Δ͘Β͍ͷ  γϯϓϧ͞ • EventอଘͱΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹରԠͨ͠  QueryΛͲ͏΍ͬͯ  ޮ཰తʹ࣮૷͢Δ͔

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ෼ׂྫ

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ෼ׂྫ PHP WebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ webΞϓϦ։ൃνʔϜ

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ෼ׂྫ PHP WebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ webΞϓϦ։ൃνʔϜ ूܭॲཧ push etc CLI։ൃνʔϜ / DWH etc

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ෼ׂྫ PHP WebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ webΞϓϦ։ൃνʔϜ ूܭॲཧ push etc CLI։ൃνʔϜ / DWH etc ޿ࠂ഑৴ܥAPI ޿ࠂ഑৴։ൃνʔϜ

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ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ෼ׂྫ PHP WebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ webΞϓϦ։ൃνʔϜ ूܭॲཧ push etc CLI։ൃνʔϜ / DWH etc ޿ࠂ഑৴ܥAPI ޿ࠂ഑৴։ൃνʔϜ ϢʔβʔͷӾཡ৘ใʹج͍ͮͨ ৘ใ͕ཉ͍͠Ͱ͢ ϦΞϧλΠϜͰ

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Event Sourcing / Message Broker

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Event SourcingͱMiddlewareબఆ • PubSubͰشൃੑͷͳ͍΋ͷΛબ୒͢Δ • ϝοηʔδอ؅͕ՄೳͰɺ࠶ݱ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳͳ΋ͷ Λ࠾༻͢Δͷ͕๬·͍͠ • εέʔϥϒϧͰ͋Δ͜ͱ

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Event Sourcing / RDBMS • PubSubͰشൃੑͷͳ͍΋ͷΛબ୒͢Δ  ػೳ͸ͳ͍ͷͰόονॲཧͳͲͰ  ఆظతʹσʔλ௥Ճ͕͋Δ͔Ͳ͏͔Λݕࡧ͢Δ  • ϝοηʔδอ؅͕ՄೳͰɺ࠶ݱ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳͳ΋ͷΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ ͕๬·͍͠  ಘҙ෼໺ • εέʔϥϒϧͰ͋Δ͜ͱ  Slaveɺmulti masterͳͲͰରԠ͸Ͱ͖Δ

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Event Sourcing / Redis • PubSubͰشൃੑͷͳ͍΋ͷΛબ୒͢Δ  PUBLISH SUBSCRIBEͳͲ͕͋ΔͷͰ࣮ݱ͸Ͱ͖Δ͕ɺ  شൃੑʹ͍ͭͯ͸ઃఆͰؤுΔ  • ϝοηʔδอ؅͕ՄೳͰɺ  ࠶ݱ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳͳ΋ͷΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͕๬·͍͠  τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸͋Δ • εέʔϥϒϧͰ͋Δ͜ͱ  ༰қʹͰ͖Δ

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Message Broker

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Apache Kafka • ZookeeperΛར༻ͨ͠ΫϥελϦϯάʹΑΔߴՄ༻ੑ • ϝοηʔδͷӬଓԽɺϨϓϦέʔγϣϯɺ࠶औಘՄ • ϏοάσʔλରԠ • ετϦʔϜରԠͷϝοηʔδϯάϛυϧ΢ΣΞ • Kafka ConnectʹΑΔपลγεςϜͱͷߴ͍਌࿨ੑ

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Event Sourcing • ΠϕϯτΛΠϕϯτετΞʹอଘ  Kafkaࣗମʹอଘ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ  σʔλϕʔεʹసૹՄೳ • ه࿥͞ΕͨΠϕϯτ͔ΒΦϒδΣΫτΛ෮ݩͰ͖Δ  ॲཧ͞ΕͨΠϕϯτ͸࠶ൃߦՄೳ • ΠϕϯτʴϩάʴΦϒδΣΫτɺΠϕϯτ͸ෆม  ൃߦޙͷΠϕϯτΛॻ͖׵͑Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ൃੜͨ͠ࣄ࣮Λ఻͑Δ  τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͋Γ

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Apache Kafka֓ཁ • Partition  ෛՙ෼ࢄ༻్ʹར༻  ෳ਺ͷConsumer͕ͦΕͧΕͷPartitionΛࢀর͠ɺ  ͦΕͧΕ͕ॲཧΛߦ͏  ॲཧϑϩʔͷσβΠϯʹΑͬͯଟ༷ͳར༻ํ๏ • librdkafka͕ඇৗʹߴ଎

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Example Partition

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Consumer

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Kafka Connect • Kafka Connectͱ͸ɺ  पลγεςϜ͔ΒͷσʔλΛऔΓࠐΈ(Source)ɺ  σʔλૹ৴(Sink)ͷೋछྨΛαϙʔτ͢Δػೳ • Amazon SQS΍MongoDBͷσʔλΛKafkaͰऔࠐΉɺ  ϝοηʔδΛͦͷ··Elasticsearch΍RDBMSʹ֨ೲɺ  ͕ߦ͑Δ • Connect͸ࣗ༝ʹ֦ுͯ͠ಠࣗConnectΛ࣮૷Մೳ

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Kafka Connect • γϯϓϧͳέʔεͰ͋Ε͹ɺ  ಛʹ࣮૷͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘QueryΛαϙʔτ • ෳࡶͳσʔλΛ࡞੒͢ΔͷͰ͋Ε͹  Kafka StreamsɺSpark StreamingͰσʔλՃ޻

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Amazon Kinesis • εέʔϥϒϧ • ϝοηʔδ 7೔ؒอ؅(࠷େ) • ετϦʔϜରԠͷKinesis Stream • Kinesis FirehoseΛ࢖ͬͨσʔλసૹ  Amazon S3ɺAmazon Redshiftɺ  Amazon Elasticsearch Service etc

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Event Sourcing+ CQRS / Kafka • Command QueryΛ୲౰͢ΔWebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ  γϯϓϧʹ • Event SourcingʹΑͬͯɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹՁ஋Λ௥ Ճ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ(෼ੳͳͲ) • Command QueryͷಉظΛαϙʔτ͠ɺ  ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ߹Θͤͯෛՙ෼ࢄ͕༰қ

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ఆظߋ৽ͤ͞Δόονॲཧͷߟ͑ํ΋มΘΔ

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࣮ྫ

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ྫ

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ྫ ༷ʑͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔Β  σʔλૹ৴

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ྫ "QBDIF,BGLB͕  ϝοηʔδड৴

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ྫ ,BGLB4QBSL4USFBNJOH ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔Βૹ৴͞Εͨσʔλͱɺ 3%#.4ʹ֨ೲ͞ΕͨσʔλΛ݁߹͠ɺ ूܭɾू໿Λߦ͏

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ྫ ूܭɾू໿͞ΕͨσʔλΛɺ  ಡΈࠐΈͰར༻͢ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ  ߹Θͤͯอ؅ $BTTBOESBͱ4QBSL4USFBNJOHͷΈͰ  ೖग़ྗΛߦ͏έʔε΋

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ྫ ूܭɾू໿͞Εͨσʔλͷ͏ͪ ༷ʑͳՕॴͰར༻͞ΕΔ΋ͷ͸ɺ)%'4΁ ࠶ܭࢉ΍ɺো֐ൃੜ࣌ʹ෮چͤ͞ΔͳͲ

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ྫ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯଆ͔Β͸ $BTTBOESBͷΈʹ໰͍߹ΘͤΛߦ͏

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ྫ ͦΕͧΕͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ $POTVNFSͰͦΕͧΕͷॲཧ

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ྫ 3BCCJU.2΁ϝοηʔδૹ৴  ଞαʔϏε͕ར༻

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ྫ ֤αʔϏεͷίϯγϡʔϚʔ͕ ଞͷαϒγεςϜͰར༻͢ΔσʔλΛੜ੒

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·ͱΊ • େن໛ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹͳΔ͜ͱ͕༧ଌͰ͖ͨΒ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟΛࢧ͑Δ • ϛυϧ΢ΣΞͷ஌ࣝ͸ඞཁʹ • ෼ࢄॲཧ΍ෳࡶͳσʔλॲཧͷ  ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάʹ΋׆͖Δύλʔϯ