PHPのエラーと例外再入門 / php-error-and-exception

by Hiraku NAKANO

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PHPͷ  Τϥʔͱྫ֎࠶ೖ໳ PHPΧϯϑΝϨϯε෱Ԭ 2017

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ࣗݾ঺հ • த໺ ୓ (@Hiraku) • https://github.com/hirak • ීஈ͸ϝϧΧϦͰαʔόʔαΠυΤϯδχΞ  ΍ͬͯ·͢ • Composerؔ࿈ͷൃදΛΑ͍ͯ͘͠·͢

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PHPͷ  Τϥʔͱྫ֎࠶ೖ໳ PHPΧϯϑΝϨϯε෱Ԭ 2017

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ͳΜͰࠓ͞Β  ʮΤϥʔͱྫ֎ʯʁ

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ྫ֎͕࿩୊Β͍͠ʂ • 2016೥຤ʙ ҰॠQiita΍ϒϩάͰྫ֎ͷهࣄ ͕૿͑ͨ • http://php-genba.shin1x1.com/1 • ͨͿΜ਒ݯ͸PHPΧϯϑΝϨϯε2016Ͱͷ @t_wada ͞Μͷߨԋ

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͔Ϳͬͨ… ʘ(^o^)ʗ

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ྫ֎+PHPͷࣄ৘ ͕ ౰ηογϣϯͰ͢

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໨࣍ 1. ʮΤϥʔʯͷఆٛ 2. ൃੜͱޙ࢝຤ͷ෼཭ 3. PHPͷΤϥʔͱྫ֎ͷػೳ 4. ྫ֎҆શͱΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ 5. ϙέϞϯ໰୊

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1ষ ʮΤϥʔʯͷఆٛ

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ྫ:  HTTPͰϑΝΠϧऔಘ͢Δؔ਺ • $resp = http_get('http://php.net/') • ࣗલ࣮૷͢ΔͳΒɺͲΜͳΤϥʔॲཧΛॻ͖ ·͔͢ʁ

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http_get(true); // boolean͕౉͞ΕͨΜͰ͚͢Ͳʂ http_get('uso800'); // URL͡Όͳ͍ʂ http_get('http://uso800.example.com/'); // !υϝΠϯݟ͔ͭΒͳ͍Α http_get('http://heavy.example.com/'); // !3࣌ؒͨͬͯ΋ऴΘΒͳ͍ΜͰ͕͢

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Τϥʔͱ͸ • Կ͔ྑ͘ͳ͍͜ͱ͕ى͖ͨ • ΋͸΍ॲཧΛਐΊΒΕͳ͍ • ʮॲཧΛதࢭ͢Δʯ • ʮԡ͠௨͢ʯ

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୭͕ѱ͍͔ • ࢖͍ํ͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔύλʔϯ • Ͳ͏ͯ͠΋ൃੜ͠͏Δύλʔϯ  (࣮ߦ࣌Τϥʔ) • typoͳͷ͔ʁ ࣮ߦ࣌Τϥʔͳͷ͔ʁ • ؔ਺͔Β͸൑ผͰ͖ͳ͍ύλʔϯ

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PHPͷཱ৔ͰʮΤϥʔʯͱ͸ • PHPࣗମ΋ • ʮιʔείʔυΛड͚औͬͯʯ • ʮ࣮ߦ͢Δʯ • ؔ਺Έ͍ͨͳ΋ͷ • PHPʹͱͬͯԿ͔ྑ͘ͳ͍͜ͱ͕ى͖ͨ  ʹΤϥʔ

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PHPʹͱͬͯྑ͘ͳ͍͜ͱ • มͳιʔείʔυ͕౉͞Εͨ • ࣮ߦͯ͠ΈͨΒมͳ͜ͱ͕ى͖ͨ

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php > "Hello world"Λग़ྗͯ͠Լ͍͞ɻ; PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected identifier (T_STRING) in php shell code on line 1 ԿޠͩΑͦΕʂ ཧղෆೳɺॲཧࢭΊΔͶ

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php > echo Hello; PHP Notice: Use of undefined constant Hello - assumed 'Hello' in php shell code on line 1 Hello ະఆٛఆ਺…  ͨͿΜ""Λ๨ΕͯΔΜͩͳʂ উखʹจࣈྻѻ͍ʹͯ͠΍Ζ͏  ͨͩͪ͠ΐͬͱո͍͔͠Β Τϥʔͱͯ͠௨஌

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php > echo [1,2,3]; PHP Notice: Array to string conversion in php shell code on line 1 Array ഑ྻΛecho…  ࢓༷ͱͯ͠͸"Array"ͱग़ྗ  ͢Ε͹͍͍Μ͚ͩͲɺո͍͔͠Β Τϥʔͱͯ͠௨஌

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PHP͞Μ͸େมͳͷͰ͢ • ίϯύΠϧɺͱ͍͏લॲཧ͕ͳ͍ • ͢΂ͯΛ࣮ߦ࣌ʹॲཧ͠ɺո͚͠Ε͹ͱʹ͔ ͘ΤϥʔΛు͘ • ଞͷݴޠͩͱlint΍ίϯύΠϧ࣌warningʹ૬ ౰͢Δ෦෼΋ʮΤϥʔʯͷൣᙝʹͳΔ

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PHPͷΤϥʔ৭ʑ • ߏจ͓͔͍͠ (parse error) • ܕએݴҧ൓ • ͪΐͬͱ͋Γ͑ͳ͍҉໧ͷܕม׵ • ഇࢭ༧ఆͷؔ਺Λ࣮ߦͨ͠ (deprecated) • ഇࢭ༧ఆͷߏจΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔ (strict)

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1ষ ·ͱΊ • PHP͸ιʔείʔυΛͦͷ৔Ͱ࣮ߦͰ͖ͳ͚ Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍ͷͰɺʮΤϥʔʯͷൣғ͕޿͍ • lintʹ͍ۙ಺༰΋ʮΤϥʔʯʹͳΔ

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2ষ ൃੜͱޙ࢝຤ͷ෼཭

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࠶ܝ:  HTTPͰϑΝΠϧऔಘ͢Δؔ਺ • $resp = http_get('http://php.net/') • ࣗલ࣮૷͢ΔͳΒɺͲΜͳΤϥʔॲཧΛॻ͖ ·͔͢ʁ

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΋͠ɺhttp_getؔ਺ͷ࢓༷͕ • ʮऔಘͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨΒϦτϥΠ͠ଓ͚Δʯ  ͩͬͨΒʁ • URLΛtypoͨ͠Β

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΋͠ɺhttp_getؔ਺ͷ࢓༷͕ • ʮऔಘͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨΒۭจࣈΛฦ͢ʯ  ͩͬͨΒʁ • ຊ౰ʹϨεϙϯε͕ۭจࣈͩͬͨͱ͖ͱݟ෼ ͚͕͔ͭͳ͍

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΋͠ɺhttp_getؔ਺ͷ࢓༷͕ • ʮऔಘͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨΒϩάʹه࿥ͯ͠falseΛ ฦ͢ʯͩͬͨΒʁ • ϩάͷॻ͖ࠐΈઌͬͯͲ͜Ͱઃఆ͢Δͷʁ

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ͳʹ͔ؒҧ͍͑ͯΔͷͰ͸…

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Τϥʔͷޙ࢝຤ͷಛ௃ • ঢ়گʹΑͬͯมΘΓ͕ͪ • ϦτϥΠ • ϩάʹు͍ͯఘΊΔ (ϑΝΠϧ/ඪ४ग़ྗ) • ผͷؔ਺ʹϑΥʔϧόοΫ͢Δ • etc

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Τϥʔൃੜͷύλʔϯ • ҧ͏ؔ਺Ͱಉ͡Τϥʔ͕ى͖Δ͜ͱ͸සग़ • ྫ) http_get()ͱhttp_post()͸ϗετ໊͕ղܾ Ͱ͖ͳ͚Ε͹ಉ͡Τϥʔ • ͍͍ͪͪॲཧΛॻ͍ͯͨΒίϐϖͩΒ͚ʹͳ Δ

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ൃੜͱޙ࢝຤Λ ෼཭͠·͠ΐ͏

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΋͠ɺhttp_getؔ਺ͷ࢓༷͕ • ʮऔಘͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨΒΤϥʔΛ௨஌͢Δʯ(͋ ͑ͯԿ΋ॲཧ͠ͳ͍)ͩͬͨΒʁ • ঢ়گʹԠͯ͡ΤϥʔॲཧΛมߋͰ͖Δ✅ • ΤϥʔॲཧΛڞ௨ԽͰ͖Δ✅

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ΤϥʔΛ௨஌͢ΔͨΊʹ • શͯͷॲཧ͸தࢭ • ޙ࢝຤Ͱඞཁͳ৘ใͷίϐʔ͕ඞཁ • ʮԿ͕ى͖ͨͷ͔ʯ • ʮͲͷॲཧΛ͍ͯͨ͠࠷தͳͷ͔ʯ

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Τϥʔͷ௨஌ํ๏͍Ζ͍Ζ • Τϥʔίʔυ(int)Λฦ͢ (Cݴޠͱ͔) • ίʔϧόοΫΛ෼ذ͢Δ(Promise) • ΤϥʔΛλϓϧͰฦ͢ (Goͱ͔) • ྫ֎Λ౤͛Δ

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ྫ֎Ҏ֎ͷྲྀ೿ͷ  ࿩͸͠·ͤΜ

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ྫ֎ΛUISPX͢Δؔ਺ ྫ֎ΛUISPX͢Δؔ਺ ྫ֎ΛUISPX͢Δؔ਺ ຊ൪؀ڥͰ DBUDI͢Δؔ਺ ։ൃ؀ڥͰ DBUDI͢Δؔ਺ Τϥʔ͕ى͖ͨΒ  ྫ֎Λ౤͛Δ͚ͩ େଟ਺͸ͬͪ͜ ྫ֎Λ෼ੳͯ͠  ద੾ͳޙ࢝຤Λ͢Δ

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͋Δؔ਺ͷҰੜ ॲཧ։࢝ ਖ਼ৗऴྃ ؔ਺ݺͼग़͠ ؔ਺ݺͼग़͠

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ྫ֎͕throw͞ΕͨΒ ॲཧ։࢝ try catch UISPXOFX 999&YDFQUJPO (͜ͷลͷॲཧ͸࣮ߦ͞Εͳ͍ catchʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δॲཧ΁

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ྫ֎͕΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ͜ͱ • ✅શͯͷॲཧ͸தࢭ • ✅ޙ࢝຤Ͱඞཁͳ৘ใΛ$eʹؚΊΒΕΔ • ✅͋ͱͰ·ͱΊͯtry ~ catch Ͱ͖Δ

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2ষͷ·ͱΊ • ΤϥʔॲཧΛ៉ྷʹ͢Δʹ͸ɺൃੜͱޙ࢝຤ Λ෼͚ͯॻ͘ͱΑ͍ • ྫ֎͸͜ͷͨΊͷػೳ

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3ষ PHPͷΤϥʔͱྫ֎

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    ͷ Τϥʔؔ܎͸ ྺ࢙తܦҢͰෳࡶ

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ʮΤϥʔʯ  ͱ ʮྫ֎ʯ

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PHPͷʮΤϥʔʯ • PHPΤϯδϯࣗମ͕ΤϥʔΛ௨஌͢Δͱ͖ʹ ࢖͏ • ৘ใ͸จࣈྻͷΈ • ໌ࣔతʹൃੜͤ͞Δ͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ • trigger_error("ഇࢭ༧ఆ", E_USER_DEPRECATED)

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ΤϥʔϨϕϧʹΑͬͯಈ͖͕ҧ ͏ • E_ERROR  ... ॲཧ͕தஅ͞ΕΔɻ΄΅෮ؼͰ͖ͳ͍ • E_WARNING, E_NOTICE ͦͷଞଟ਺  ... ॲཧ͸தஅ͞Εͳ͍

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PHPͷʮྫ֎ʯ • PHP5͔Βಋೖ͞Εͨʮྫ֎ॲཧػߏʯ • ॊೈʹΩϟονͰ͖ͯແࢹͰ͖ͳ͍ • ྫ֎Ϋϥε͸ࣗ༝ʹ֦ுͰ͖Δ • ޷͖ͳ৘ใΛ٧ΊͯOK

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Τϥʔ ྫ֎ ੲ͔Β͋Δ 1)1Ҏ߱ ΤϥʔϝοηʔδͷΈؚΊΒΕΔ ԿͰ΋ؚΊΒΕΔɺ  ΦϒδΣΫτ͝ͱ౤͛ΒΕΔ ૊ΈࠐΈͷΤϥʔϨϕϧ͔Β  બͿ͔͠ͳ͍ ͍͘ΒͰ΋ܕΛ૿΍ͤΔ  ֦ுͰ͖Δ ઃఆ΍!ԋࢉࢠͰ  ؆୯ʹແࢹͰ͖Δ ແࢹͰ͖ͳ͍  ѲΓͭͿ͢ίʔυ͸ॻ͚Δ

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Ͳ͏ݟͯ΋ ྫ֎ͷํ͕ߴػೳ

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ΤϥʔΛྫ֎ʹม׵͢Δຐ๏ →΋͸΍Τϥʔ͸ෆཁͳͷʁ

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ͦΜͳ͜ͱͳ͍Α Τϥʔ͸ศརͳࢠͩΑ

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Τϥʔͷ௕ॴ=ແࢹͰ͖Δ͜ͱ • ઃఆͰҰׅແࢹ or @ԋࢉࢠͰݸผʹແࢹ • ʮॲཧΛࢭΊΔඞཁ͸ͳ͍͕ɺϓϩάϥϚʹ Ұݴڭ͍͑ͨʯͱ͖͸ͬͪ͜ͷํ͕ศར • E_DEPRECATED͕୅දతͳྫ

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ϥΠϒϥϦͷAPIΛมߋ͍ͨ͠ ͱ͖ function doSomething() { trigger_error( 'doSomethingͷ୅ΘΓʹdoSomething2Λ࢖ͬͯԼ͍͞', E_USER_DEPRECATED ); return doSomething2(); }

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deprecatedΛྫ֎ʹ͢Δͱ • ྫ֎͸ແࢹͰ͖ͳ͍ͷͰ… • ݹ͍ؔ਺Λ࢖͍ͬͯΔશ͕ͯյΕΔ • શ෦मਖ਼͠ͳ͍ͱҠߦͰ͖ͳ͍ • मਖ਼ͯ͠Δؒɺ৽ػೳ͕࢖͑ͳ͍ʂ

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deprecated͕ΤϥʔͳΒ • Ұ୴E_DEPRECATED, E_USER_DEPRECATED Λແࢹ͢Δઃఆʹͯ͠Ξοϓσʔτ • ։ൃ؀ڥͰ༗ޮʹͯ͠ɺൃੜΛ௵͍ͯ͘͠ • ͍ͩͿݮΒͤͨΒɺຊ൪Ͱ΋༗ޮʹͯ͠ɺൃ ੜͷ๾໓Λ֬ೝ͢Δ

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ଞͷखஈ • /** @deprecated */ • ௨ৗ͸ར༻ऀ͕ಡΜͰ͘Εͳ͍ͱҙຯͳ͍ • error_log • ϩά͸͋͘·ͰจࣈྻͰ͔͠ͳ͍

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ݸਓతͳ࢖͍෼͚ • ࣗ෼ͷίʔυͰ͸ྫ֎Λ࢖͏ • େ఍ͷPHPΤϥʔ͸ɺErrorExceptionʹม׵͢Δ • ͨͿΜόάͳͷͰಠࣗʹcatch͠ͳ͍ • ͨͩ͠ɺE_DEPRECATEDܥͳͲ͸ྫ֎ʹ͠ͳ͍ ํ͕ศར

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set_error_handlerୈೋҾ਺ set_error_handler( function(...){ throw new ErrorException(...); }, E_ALL ^ E_DEPRECATED ^ E_USER_DEPRECATED ^ E_USER_NOTICE ); ϋϯυϦϯάͨ͘͠ͳ͍ ΤϥʔϨϕϧΛ আ֎͓ͯ͘͠

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ΤϥʔϨϕϧ࢖͍෼͚ • E_ERROR ... PHP7Ͱྫ֎ʹͳͬͨ • E_WARNING, E_NOTICE ... େ఍ɺΫιίʔυ͕Ҿ͖ى͜͠ ͍ͯΔͷͰྫ֎ԽɻଈࠁࢭΊͯσόοά • E_STRICT, E_DEPRECATED ... ແࢹͯ͠΋ಈ͘ͷͰྫ֎Խ͠ ͳ͍ɻඞཁʹԠͯ͡؂ࢹɺσόοά • E_USER_XXXX .. ͋͑ͯΤϥʔΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔྫͳͷͰɺྫ֎ ʹ͠ͳ͍͍͔ͯ͘΋ɻ

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3ষ·ͱΊ • PHPʹ͸ʮΤϥʔʯͱʮྫ֎ʯ͕͋Δ • Τϥʔ͸؆୯ͳ௨஌ͱͯ͠ศར • ྫ֎͸ແࢹͰ͖ͳ͍ • جຊతʹ͸ྫ֎Λ࢖͓͏

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4ষ ྫ֎҆શͱΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲

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ྫ֎ͷϓϥε໘ • ίʔυதʹΤϥʔॲཧ͕ొ৔͠ͳ͍ͷͰɺ  ៉ྷʹͳΔ • ʮίʔυఀࢭʯΛࣗಈͰ΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ • ແࢹ͢ΔͱΫϥογϡ͢ΔͷͰແࢹͰ͖ͳ͍ɻ ΤϥʔॲཧΛ͖ͬͪΓߦ͏ίʔυΛཁٻ͢Δɻ

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ྫ֎ͷͳ͍ੈք $ret = doSomething(); if ($ret === false) { // Τϥʔॲཧ͍ͬͺ͍ return false; } $ret2 = doSomething2(); if ($ret2 === false) { // Τϥʔॲཧ͍ͬͺ͍ return false; }

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ྫ֎ͷ͋Δੈք $ret = doSomething(); $ret2 = doSomething2(); // ... Ͳ͔͜ݺͼग़͠ͷ  ্ྲྀͷํͰҰ౓͚ͩ  try { } catch { } ͯ͋͠Ε͹OK

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࠶ܝɿ ྫ֎͕throw͞ΕͨΒ ॲཧ։࢝ try catch (͜ͷลͷॲཧ͸࣮ߦ͞Εͳ͍ catchʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δॲཧ΁ UISPXOFX 999&YDFQUJPO

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͓ؾ͖ͮͩΖ͏͔…

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ྫ֎͕throw͞ΕͨΒ ॲཧ։࢝ try UISPXOFX 999&YDFQUJPO catch (͜ͷลͷॲཧ͸࣮ߦ͞Εͳ͍ த్൒୺ͳͱ͜ΖͰࢭ·͚ͬͨͲɺ  ຊ౰ʹେৎ෉ͳͷ͔ʁ catchʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δॲཧ΁

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ྫ֎ͷϚΠφε໘ • ͍ͭͲ͜Ͱॲཧ͕தஅ͞ΕΔ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍ • Ͳ͜Ͱதஅ͞Εͯ΋ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕յΕͳ ͍Α͏ʹؾΛ͚ͭΔඞཁ͕͋Δ • յΕͳ͍ੑ࣭Λʮྫ֎҆શʯͱݴ͏ • ྫ֎Λѻ͏ਓ͸ɺ  ৗʹҙࣝ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍

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ʮྫ֎҆શʯΛάάΔͱ • C++ͷ࿩͕ଟ͍ • ྫ֎҆શҧ൓=ଈࢮͷੈք • ͨͩɺݴޠؔ܎ͳ͘ॏཁͰ͢ʂ • ྫΛڍ͛·͢

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ྫ1

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ِͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ $db->insert($a); doSomething(); $db->insert($b); ... ͜͜Ͱྫ֎͕ى͖ͨΒ  த్൒୺ͳϨίʔυ͕Ͱ͖ͪΌ͏

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DBૢ࡞தͷྫ֎ • DBૢ࡞ͷ݁Ռ͕࢒ͬͯ͠·͏ • ෆ۩߹ͷݪҼʹͳΔ • ૢ࡞͕ਖ਼ৗʹऴΘ͔ͬͨɺԿ΋ͳ͔͔ͬͨɺ ͲͪΒ͔ʹ͢Δ = DBͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯػೳ Λ࢖͏

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[ྫ֎҆શ]τϥϯβΫγϣϯ $db->beginTransaction(); try { $db->insert($a); doSomething(); $db->insert($b); $db->commit(); } catch (\Exception $e) { $db->rollback(); throw $e; }

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ྫ2

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κϯϏΩϟογϡ if (self::$cache) return self::$cache; $result = doSomething1(); self::$cache = $result; doSomething2($result); ͜͜Ͱྫ֎͕ى͖ͨΒʁ Ωϟογϡ࢒ͬͯ͠·͏͚Ͳʁ

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ण໋ͷ௕͍ม਺ͷѻ͍ʹ஫ҙ • Ϋϥεͷstaticม਺ɺάϩʔόϧม਺ • ྫ֎Ͱதஅ͞Εͯ΋ੜ͖࢒ͬͨ·· • ྫ֎ൃੜΛτϥοϓͯ͠࡟আ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ͔΋

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ྫ3

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Cݴޠ෩ͷؔ਺ ob_start(); doSomething(); $output = ob_get_clean(); ͜͜Ͱྫ֎͕ى͖ͨΒʁ PC@HFU@DMFBO ݺ͹Εͳ͘Ͷʁ

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ͦ΋ͦ΋૊ΈࠐΈͷؔ਺͕ ྫ֎҆શ͡Όͳ͍ • ob_start / ob_clean • fopen / fclose • ؔ਺͕ରʹͳ͍ͬͯΔྫ͕݁ߏ͋Δ

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PHPࣗମ͕कͬͯ͘ΕΔ҆શੑ • ؔ਺ϩʔΧϧͳม਺͸GC͕ճऩͯ͘͠ΕΔ • fopenͳͲͷϦιʔεܕ΋ࣗಈͰด͡ΒΕΔ • ͔͠͠ʮstaticม਺ʯʮ֎෦γεςϜʯʮDBʯ ͳͲ͸͜ͷൣғʹؚ·Εͳ͍ • ѻ͏ਓ͕ྫ֎҆શΛҙࣝ͢Δ͔͠ͳ͍

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ྫ֎҆શͷ೉͠͞ • ྫ֎҆શ͔Ͳ͏͔͸ػցతʹ൑அͮ͠Β͍ • ίʔυʹؔΘΔਓશһ͕कΔඞཁ͕͋Δ • ͜Ε͕೉͗͢͠Δ

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ྫ֎҆શΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ ΠσΟΦϜू

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RAII (scope & destructor) class Curl { function __construct() { $this->ch = curl_init(); } function __destruct() { curl_close($this->ch);  } }

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RAII (scope & destructor) function req() { $ch = new Curl(); //... //... } Ҏ߱ɺͲ͜Ͱॲཧ͕  தஅͯ͠΋σετϥΫλ͕  ޙ࢝຤ͯ͘͠ΕΔͷͰฏؾ

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RAIIͷϋϚΓͲ͜Ζ • େ఍͸͏·͍͘͘ͷ͕ͩɺExceptionͷελο ΫτϨʔεͳͲʹั·Δͱɺण໋͕৳ͼΔ • ࢥͬͨλΠϛϯάͰclose͞Εͳ͘ͳΔ͔΋

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޿ൣғͰcatchͯ͠re-throw try { ... } catch (Exception $e) { ... //ޙ࢝຤Λॻ͘ throw $e; }

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࠷ॳ͔ΒﬁnallyͰॻ͘ try { $ch = curl_init(); //... } finally { curl_close($ch); }

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ྫ֎ͱਖ਼͘͠෇͖߹͏ ͷ͸೉͍͠

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͔͠͠ ʮྫ֎ࣗମΛ࢖Θͳ͍ʯ ͷ΋೉͍͠

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4ষ ྫ֎҆શͱΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲

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ྫ֎ͱΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ • ຊདྷɺྫ֎͸ΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ͱશؔ͘܎ͷͳ ͍֓೦ • PHP͸ExceptionΫϥεΛܧঝͨ͠ΦϒδΣΫτ ͔͠throwͰ͖ͳ͍͚Ͳ • 400 ͱ͔ "Τϥʔ͕ى͖·ͨ͠" ͱ͔Λ௚઀throw Ͱ͖Δݴޠ΋͋Δ

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ΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ͯ͠Δͱ • ίϯετϥΫλΛଟ༻ͨ͘͠ͳΔ͸ͣ • த్൒୺ͳঢ়ଶ͕ͳ͍͜ͱ͕อূͰ͖Δ • ίϯετϥΫλ͸ͦͷ࢓্༷ɺ  Τϥʔ௨஌ʹྫ֎͔͠࢖͑ͳ͍ • return false ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍͔ΒͶ

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ྫ) PDO • σϑΥϧτͩͱྫ֎Λు͔ͳ͍ઃఆ • $db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); • ͔͠͠ɺnew PDO͢Δͱ͖ͷΤϥʔ͸ɺઃఆ ʹؔ܎ͳ͘ৗʹ1%0&YDFQUJPO

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࣮ࡍʹ࣮ߦͨ͠ྫ php > $pdo = new PDO('uso800'); PHP Warning: Uncaught PDOException: invalid data source name in php shell code:1 Stack trace: #0 php shell code(1): PDO->__construct('uso800') #1 {main} thrown in php shell code on line 1

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ͦͷଞͷࣄ৘ • PHP7ͰE_ERROR͕ྫ֎ͷΑ͏ͳ;Δ·͍Λ ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ • ݴޠ૊ΈࠐΈػೳ΋ঃʑʹΤϥʔ͔Βྫ֎ʹ ஔ͖׵͍͑ͯͧ͘એݴ͕ग़͍ͯΔ • ΋͏ɺྫ֎ͷൃੜ͠ͳ͍ੈքͳͲPHPʹ͸ ͳ͍

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զʑ͸ྫ֎ͱ  ڞʹੜ͖Δ͔͠ͳ͍ͷͰ͢

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4ষ·ͱΊ • PHPer΋ྫ֎҆શΛҙࣝ͠·͠ΐ͏ • ΫϥεΛ࢖͑͹ྫ֎Λ࢖͏Ҏ֎બ୒ࢶ͕ͳ͍ ͷͰɺݡ͘෇͖߹͍͖ͬͯ·͠ΐ͏

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5ষ ϙέϞϯ໰୊

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try { doSomething(); ... } catch (Exception $e) { // do nothing }

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Pokémon catching • ΍ͨΒ޿͍ྫ֎ΫϥεͰcatch͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱͷ ଏশ • RuntimeException/Exception/Throwable • (ϙέϞϯͷΩϟονϑϨʔζʮCatch 'em allʯ͔Β࿈૝ͨ͠ͱࢥΘΕΔʣ

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Pokémon catchingΛ ΍ͬͯ͸͍͚ͳ͍

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try { doSomething(); ... } catch (Exception $e) { // do nothing }

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ԿΛั·͍͑ͨͷ…ʁ • ྫ֎͸͍ΖΜͳؔ਺Ͱൃੜ͢ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ • PHPࣗ਎ͷΤϥʔ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ • ͋ͳͨ͸ຊ౰ʹશͯΛద੾ʹޙॲཧͯ͠Δʁ • ͦ͏Ͱͳ͚Ε͹ɺࣗ෼ͷҙਤͨ͠ྫ֎ͷΈʹ ߜ͓ͬͯ͘

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set_error_handlerͱͷ ૊Έ߹Θͤ • PHPΤϥʔΛErrorExceptionʹม׵͢Δ͜ͱ ͕Ͱ͖Δ • Pokémon catching͕૊Έ߹Θ͞Δͱ஍ࠈ

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ྫ֎ॲཧʹר͖ࠐ·Εͯtypo ͷҐஔ͕Θ͔Βͳ͍…ʂ

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୤ɾPokémon catching • ྫ֎͸ࣗ෼ͷͨΊʹ༻ҙ͢Δ & ͦΕͷΈΛ catch͢Δ • class HogeException extends \RuntimeException • setterΛ૿΍͠·͠ΐ͏

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Guzzleͷྫ

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ޙ࢝຤͢ΔਓͷͨΊʹ • ඞཁͦ͏ͳ஋ΛExceptionΫϥεʹ٧ΊΒΕΔ Α͏ʹ͢Δ • throw (new HogeException($message, $code))  ->setFoo($foo)  ->setMoo($moo);

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ͱ͸͍͑ɺຊ൪Ͱcatch͞Εͳ ͍ྫ֎͕ى͖ͨΒϠόΠ…ʂ

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อݥͷset_exception_handler • catch͞Εͳ͔ͬͨྫ֎Λั·͑Δ࠷ޙͷࡆ • େͨ͜͠ͱ͸ग़དྷͳ͍ͷͰɺϩΪϯάͯ͠Ϣʔ βʔʹΤϥʔը໘ΛݟͤΔ͚ͩɺͱ͔ • ຊ൪ͷΈಈ͔͢ɺͳΜͯ͜ͱ΋Մೳ

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͜Ε͑͋͞Ε͹ྫ֎͸ಥ͖ൈ͚ ͳ͍ set_exception_handler( function (Throwable $e) { echo 'Τϥʔ͕ى͖·ͨ͠'; exit; } );

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શମͷ·ͱΊ

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Τϥʔͱྫ֎ͷ࠶ೖ໳ • PHPͷΤϥʔ͸ແࢹͰ͖Δ͜ͱʹՁ஋͕͋Γ· ͢ɻdeprecatedͱͯ͠ͷ࢖͍ํ͸Φεεϝ • ྫ֎͸ศརͰ͕͢ɺྫ֎҆શΛҙࣝ͠ͳ͚Ε͹͍ ͚ͳ͍͜ͱ͸PHPͰ΋มΘΓ·ͤΜ • Exception΍ThrowableΛอݥ໨తҎ֎Ͱcatch͠ ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͠·͠ΐ͏

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