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CABLES! CABLES!
CABLES!
Vladimir Dementyev
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Vladimir
Dementyev
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! Moscow
# Wrocław
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@palkan
@palkan_tula
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EVIL MARTIANS
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EVIL MARTIANS
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WHY I’M HERE
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THE TALK
Action Cable pros & cons
The tale of Action Cable
Alternative cables for Rails and
non-Rails
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CABLES
Tools for building
real-time applications
Intro
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REAL-TIME
Messaging (i.e. chats)
Notifications
Live updates
Online games
Other
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RUBY CABLES
*based on https://www.ruby-toolbox.com/categories/HTTP_Pub_Sub
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RUBY CABLES
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© https://twitter.com/erneestoc/status/974485805770072064
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THE RED RUBY PILL?
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Part 1
RailsConf 2015
ACTION
CABLE
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IN A NUTSHELL
Server
Client
WebSocket
Client
WebSocket
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IN A NUTSHELL
Server
Client
WebSocket
Client
WebSocket
stream C
Broadcaster
stream B
stream A
stream B
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IN A NUTSHELL
Server
Client
WebSocket
Client
WebSocket
stream C
Broadcaster
stream B
stream A
stream B
channel X
channel Y
channel Z
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PROS
&
CONS
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CABLE PROS
Zero-configuration
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CABLE PROS
Zero-configuration
Channels framework
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CHANNELS
class AnswersChannel < ApplicationCable ::Channel
def subscribed
reject_subscription unless current_user.admin?
end
def follow(params)
stream_from "questions/ #{params['id']}"
end
end
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CABLE PROS
Zero-configuration
Channels framework
JS client that just works
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CABLE CONS
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CABLE CONS
Lack of transport fallbacks
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WEBSOCKETS
http://caniuse.com/#search=websockets
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CABLE CONS
Lack of transport fallbacks
Memory usage
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MEMORY
20k idle connections
MB
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
1 400
1 600
Go Erlang Action Cable (8x)
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CABLE PROS
Lack of transport fallbacks
Memory usage
Real-time performance
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SHOOTOUT
https://hashrocket.com/blog/posts/websocket-shootout
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SHOOTOUT
Client
Server
broadcast
to all
message
send message back
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SHOOTOUT
Broadcast RTT
0,0s
0,8s
1,6s
2,4s
3,2s
4,0s
4,8s
5,6s
6,4s
7,2s
8,0s
Number of connections
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Go Erlang Action Cable (8x) Action Cable (2x)
See https://github.com/anycable/anycable/tree/master/benchmarks
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Action
Cable
Low
Latency
Crowded
Channels
CABLE
THEOREM
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CABLE CONS
Lack of transport fallbacks
Memory usage
Real-time performance
CPU usage
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CPU
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CPU
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WHAT
ABOUT
REAL
LIFE?
I WANT TO
BELIEVE IN
BENCHMARKS
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Part 2
THE
TALE OF
ACTION
CABLE
© http://www.equipe.com
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–Jon Stenqvist, CEO, Equipe
“We've used all kind of
push solutions over the
years, the latest is faye,
pusher, actioncable and X.”
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EQUIPE
“With Action Cable, we could
easily have 20+ 1GB dynos
running during the weekends,
with every growing memory”
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EQUIPE
“After switching to X, we have 4
512MB dynos, very stable at
~200MB memory usage”
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EQUIPE
ActionCable: 20+ 2X (1GB) dynos X: 4 X (0.5GB) dynos
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EQUIPE
ActionCable: 20+ 2X (1GB) dynos X: 4 X (0.5GB) dynos
$1000 $100
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X = AnyCable
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Part 3
ANYCABLE
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ANYCABLE
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Client (protocol)
Channels
Streams
Server
ACTION CABLE
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Client (protocol)
Channels
Streams
Server
ACTION CABLE
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ACTION CABLE
Client (protocol)
Channels
Streams
Server
?
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ACTION CABLE
Client (protocol)
Channels
Streams
Server
ANYCABLE
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gRPC
https://grpc.io
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gRPC =
Google RPC
https://grpc.io
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gRPC =
universal
RPC
framework
https://grpc.io
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gRPC =
HTTP/2 +
protobuf
https://grpc.io
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ANYCABLE
Go WS
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ANYCABLE SERVERS
anycable-go
erlycable
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CPU
anycable-go erlycable action_cable
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CPU
anycable-go erlycable action_cable
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SHOOTOUT
Broadcast RTT
0,0s
0,8s
1,6s
2,4s
3,2s
4,0s
4,8s
5,6s
6,4s
7,2s
8,0s
Number of connections
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
anycable-go erlycable Action Cable (8x)
See https://github.com/anycable/anycable/tree/master/benchmarks
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PLUG-N-PLAY
gem 'anycable-rails', group: :production
rails generate anycable
config.action_cable.url = ‘ws: //example.com:3334'
./bin/anycable # => Run RPC server
brew install anycable/anycable/anycable-go
anycable-go -p 3334 # => Run WebSocket server
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COMPATIBILITY
Feature Status
Connection Identifiers +
Connection Request (cookies, params) +
Disconnect Handling +
Subscribe to channels +
Parameterized subscriptions +
Unsubscribe from channels +
Subscription Instance Variables -
Performing Channel Actions +
Streaming +
Remote Disconnect wip (planned for 0.6.0)
Custom stream callbacks -
Broadcasting +
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COMPATIBILITY
https://medium.com/@leshchuk/from-action-to-any-1e8d863dd4cf
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MORE
FEATURES
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MORE FEATURES
Zero-disconnect deployment
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DISCONNECT
Client Re-connect & Re-subscribe
Client Disconnected ActionCable
ActionCable
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DISCONNECT
WebSocket Server
Client Connected
Client Connected App
App
RPC
RPC
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DISCONNECT
WebSocket Server
App
App
gRPC
App
App
App
App
Envoy Proxy
* https://www.envoyproxy.io
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MORE FEATURES
Zero-disconnect deployment
Metrics & Stats
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METRICS
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http://anycable.io
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http://anycable.io
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github.com/anycable
@any_cable
ANYCABLE
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Part 4
BEYOND
RAILS
© Призрачная Колыма
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NON-RAILS
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github.com/palkan/litecable
LITE CABLE
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Rails-free Action Cable
No deps (even ActiveSupport)
Compatible with AnyCable
Compatible with Action Cable clients
LITE CABLE
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module Chat
class Channel < LiteCable ::Channel ::Base
identifier :chat
def subscribed
stream_from "chat_ #{chat_id}"
end
end
end
LITE CABLE
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run Rack ::Builder.new do
map '/cable' do
use LiteCable ::Server ::Middleware,
connection_class: Chat ::Connection
run proc { |_| [200, {}, ['']] }
end
end
LITE CABLE
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HANAMI CABLE
http://gabrielmalakias.com.br/ruby/hanami/iot/2017/05/26/websockets-connecting-litecable-to-hanami.html
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PLEZI CABLE
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PLEZI
Iodine–fast concurrent web server for
real-time Ruby applications
Rack-compatible
CPU efficient
Less memory than Puma/Passenger
Stable?
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plezi.io
github.com/boazsegev/iodine
PLEZI
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Outro
RUBY
OR NOT
© RailsClub Moscow
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RUBY OR NOT
WebSockets in Ruby are possible…
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RUBY OR NOT
WebSockets in Ruby are possible…
…but more efficient with the help of
other languages
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ActionCable is usable…
RUBY OR NOT
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ActionCable is usable…
…and fixable/replaceable if
necessary
RUBY OR NOT
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DZIĘKUJĘ!
Vladimir Dementyev
anycable.io
evilmartians.com
@palkan
@palkan_tula