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Jupyter in Production
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whois
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whois
Patrick Harrison
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whois
Patrick Harrison
Data Theoretic
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whois
Patrick Harrison
Data Theoretic
Previously: Led AI Engineering at a major
fi
nancial data company
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Source: https://ipython.org/ipython-doc/rel-0.12/whatsnew/version0.12.html
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Jupyter Notebooks just turned ten years old
Source: https://ipython.org/ipython-doc/rel-0.12/whatsnew/version0.12.html
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Jupyter Notebooks just turned ten years old
The original IPython Notebook was
fi
rst released on December 19, 2011
Source: https://ipython.org/ipython-doc/rel-0.12/whatsnew/version0.12.html
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No content
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Source: https://github.com/parente/nbestimate/blob/master/estimate.ipynb
Public Jupyter Notebooks on GitHub
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Source: https://github.com/parente/nbestimate/blob/master/estimate.ipynb
Public Jupyter Notebooks on GitHub
≈0
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Source: https://github.com/parente/nbestimate/blob/master/estimate.ipynb
Public Jupyter Notebooks on GitHub
≈0
≈10,000,000
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8,000+
new public Jupyter Notebooks posted on GitHub every day in 2022, on average
Source: https://github.com/parente/nbestimate/blob/master/ipynb_counts.csv
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Jupyter Notebooks have been used to do some amazing things
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Source: https://blog.jupyter.org/congratulations-to-the-ligo-and-virgo-collaborations-from-project-jupyter-5923247be019
On behalf of the entire Project Jupyter team, we’d like to say congratulations to
Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish, Kip S. Thorne and the rest of the LIGO and VIRGO
teams for the Nobel Prize in Physics 2017. Since 2015, the LIGO and VIRGO
Collaborations have observed multiple instances of gravitational waves due to
colliding black holes (and more recently neutron stars). These observations
represent decades of work and confirm what Einstein had theorized a hundred
years ago.
...
To communicate to the broader community, the LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration
has created tutorials with Jupyter Notebooks that describe how to use LIGO/
VIRGO data and reproduce analyses related to their academic publications.
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Source: https://blog.jupyter.org/jupyter-receives-the-acm-software-system-award-d433b0dfe3a2
It is our pleasure to announce that Project Jupyter has been awarded the 2017
ACM Software System Award, a significant honor for the project. We are
humbled to join an illustrious list of projects that contains major highlights of
computing history, including Unix, TeX, S (R’s predecessor), the Web, Mosaic,
Java, INGRES (modern databases) and more.
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Jupyter Notebooks have some compelling strengths
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#1
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Interactive, exploratory programming with immediate feedback
#1
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#2
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Build a computational narrative bringing together
code, results, explanatory prose, plots, images, widgets,
and more in a single, human-friendly document
#2
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Lower barriers to entry
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...many more people and roles can access, use, and
collaborate on programming and data analysis in their work
Lower barriers to entry
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Increased productivity
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Increased productivity
...for programmers of all skill levels
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"We’ve found that we’re 2x-3x more productive using
[notebook-based development] than using traditional
programming tools...
Source: https://www.fast.ai/2019/12/02/nbdev/
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"We’ve found that we’re 2x-3x more productive using
[notebook-based development] than using traditional
programming tools...
...this is a big surprise, since I have coded nearly every day
for over 30 years, and in that time have tried dozens of tools,
libraries, and systems for building programs."
Source: https://www.fast.ai/2019/12/02/nbdev/
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"We’ve found that we’re 2x-3x more productive using
[notebook-based development] than using traditional
programming tools...
...this is a big surprise, since I have coded nearly every day
for over 30 years, and in that time have tried dozens of tools,
libraries, and systems for building programs."
Source: https://www.fast.ai/2019/12/02/nbdev/
— Jeremy Howard, fast.ai
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Jupyter Notebooks have become
an essential part of the data scientist's toolkit
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But, a story you've probably heard before...
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The magic words...
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"Let's put this in production"
The magic words...
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⚠
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"You can't use Jupyter Notebooks in production"
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Why not?
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"It's not supported."
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This is a pain to version control.
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
How do we apply our code quality standards?
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
How do we apply our code quality standards?
How do we test this code?
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
How do we apply our code quality standards?
How do we test this code?
Will this work with our continuous integration system?
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
How do we apply our code quality standards?
How do we test this code?
Will this work with our continuous integration system?
How do we schedule and trigger automatic execution?
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
How do we apply our code quality standards?
How do we test this code?
Will this work with our continuous integration system?
How do we schedule and trigger automatic execution?
Out-of-order cell execution!
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This is a pain to version control.
This is monolithic. How will we collaborate effectively?
How can we share and reuse this code?
How do we apply our code quality standards?
How do we test this code?
Will this work with our continuous integration system?
How do we schedule and trigger automatic execution?
Out-of-order cell execution!
...
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OK, how should we get this work into production?
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OK, how should we get this work into production?
“It looks like there's a lot going on in your notebook…"
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Your notebook has reusable code...
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook has reusable code...
... you're going to need to reimplement this code as proper
software libraries,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook has reusable code...
... you're going to need to reimplement this code as proper
software libraries,
... subject to our company-wide software engineering
standards,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook has reusable code...
... you're going to need to reimplement this code as proper
software libraries,
... subject to our company-wide software engineering
standards,
... with reimplemented tests using our company's preferred
testing framework,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook has reusable code...
... you're going to need to reimplement this code as proper
software libraries,
... subject to our company-wide software engineering
standards,
... with reimplemented tests using our company's preferred
testing framework,
... using our preferred enterprise continuous integration system,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook has reusable code...
... you're going to need to reimplement this code as proper
software libraries,
... subject to our company-wide software engineering
standards,
... with reimplemented tests using our company's preferred
testing framework,
... using our preferred enterprise continuous integration system,
... and deploy to our preferred enterprise artifact repository.
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook is accessing and transforming data...
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook is accessing and transforming data...
... you're going to need to reimplement this logic as data
pipelines in our preferred enterprise data pipeline
framework,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook is accessing and transforming data...
... you're going to need to reimplement this logic as data
pipelines in our preferred enterprise data pipeline
framework,
... which has its own engineering practices and conventions,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook is accessing and transforming data...
... you're going to need to reimplement this logic as data
pipelines in our preferred enterprise data pipeline
framework,
... which has its own engineering practices and conventions,
... and may not even use the same programming language.
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook generates predictions...
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook generates predictions...
... you're going to need to reimplement the model as a
web service,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook generates predictions...
... you're going to need to reimplement the model as a
web service,
... wrap it in a Docker container,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook generates predictions...
... you're going to need to reimplement the model as a
web service,
... wrap it in a Docker container,
... store it in our preferred enterprise container registry,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook generates predictions...
... you're going to need to reimplement the model as a
web service,
... wrap it in a Docker container,
... store it in our preferred enterprise container registry,
... and deploy it to our preferred enterprise container
orchestration platform.
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook presents results to end users...
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook presents results to end users...
... you're going to need to reimplement these reports in
our preferred enterprise business intelligence platform,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook presents results to end users...
... you're going to need to reimplement these reports in
our preferred enterprise business intelligence platform,
... which has its own engineering practices and
conventions,
How should we get this work into production?
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Your notebook presents results to end users...
... you're going to need to reimplement these reports in
our preferred enterprise business intelligence platform,
... which has its own engineering practices and
conventions,
... and may not even use the same programming language.
How should we get this work into production?
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So you're telling me that if we're going to get our
work in production, either:
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So you're telling me that if we're going to get our
work in production, either:
1. Our data science teams have to be stacked with unicorns,
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So you're telling me that if we're going to get our
work in production, either:
1. Our data science teams have to be stacked with unicorns,
or
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So you're telling me that if we're going to get our
work in production, either:
1. Our data science teams have to be stacked with unicorns,
or
2. We have to loop in a bunch of other teams and create
dependencies between them
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My teams went through this process
so many times we had a name for it
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de • notebook • i
fi
cation
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de • notebook • i
fi
cation
The long, painful process of exploding a Jupyter
Notebook that de
fi
nitely works into a constellation
of disparate production artifacts that maybe don't
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⚠ WARNING: De-notebook-i
fi
cation has been shown to have
side effects including increased complexity, elongated timelines,
unhappy stakeholders, frustrated data scientists, increased risk of
project cancelation, and loss of data science team credibility.
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Additional problem:
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Additional problem:
If Jupyter is only for demos and prototypes...
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Additional problem:
If Jupyter is only for demos and prototypes...
Why bother writing good code in notebooks?
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"Maybe you shouldn't use Jupyter in the
fi
rst place"
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"Maybe you shouldn't use Jupyter in the
fi
rst place"
There has to be a better answer
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enter the
Jupyter in Production
ecosystem
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But
fi
rst... what does in production mean, anyway?
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For this talk, we'll focus on:
What does in production mean, anyway?
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For this talk, we'll focus on:
•Developing and distributing software libraries
What does in production mean, anyway?
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For this talk, we'll focus on:
•Developing and distributing software libraries
•Building and running data pipelines
What does in production mean, anyway?
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For this talk, we'll focus on:
•Developing and distributing software libraries
•Building and running data pipelines
•Creating interactive reports and dashboards
What does in production mean, anyway?
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For each of these tools, I'll try to answer...
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... what is it?
For each of these tools, I'll try to answer...
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... what is it?
... what do I have to do to use it?
For each of these tools, I'll try to answer...
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... what is it?
... what do I have to do to use it?
... what's in it for me?
For each of these tools, I'll try to answer...
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Developing and distributing software libraries
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nbdev
•Initial Release: 2019
•GitHub Stars: 3.2k 🌟
•GitHub: https://github.com/fastai/nbdev/
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What is it?
nbdev
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A collection of tools that let you use Jupyter Notebooks
as the source code for Python software libraries
nbdev
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What do I have to do to use it?
nbdev
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Setup
• pip install nbdev or conda install nbdev -c fastai
nbdev
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Setup
• pip install nbdev or conda install nbdev -c fastai
• Initialize your git repository as an nbdev project: nbdev_new
(Or, copy the of
fi
cial nbdev template repo on GitHub)
nbdev
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Setup
• pip install nbdev or conda install nbdev -c fastai
• Initialize your git repository as an nbdev project: nbdev_new
(Or, copy the of
fi
cial nbdev template repo on GitHub)
• Install the nbdev git hooks: nbdev_install_git_hooks
nbdev
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Setup
• pip install nbdev or conda install nbdev -c fastai
• Initialize your git repository as an nbdev project: nbdev_new
(Or, copy the of
fi
cial nbdev template repo on GitHub)
• Install the nbdev git hooks: nbdev_install_git_hooks
• Enter some basic project information in settings.ini
nbdev
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
nbdev
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when it would make sense to reuse or share bits of the
code you write
nbdev
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when it would make sense to reuse or share bits of the
code you write
• Reshape this code into functions and classes in a notebook
nbdev
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when it would make sense to reuse or share bits of the
code you write
• Reshape this code into functions and classes in a notebook
• Add the #export
fl
ag (code comment) at the start of your main code cells
nbdev
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when it would make sense to reuse or share bits of the
code you write
• Reshape this code into functions and classes in a notebook
• Add the #export
fl
ag (code comment) at the start of your main code cells
• Next to your main code cells, add rich explanatory text, images, code
usage examples, sample output, and assert statements
nbdev
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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What's in it for me?
nbdev
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Quite a bit, actually.
nbdev
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Automatically export the code from your Jupyter
Notebooks into a fully-functional Python package:
nbdev
nbdev_build_lib
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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Automatically publish new releases of your package
to PyPI and conda:
nbdev
make release
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Automatically generate a rich documentation website
for your package from your Jupyter Notebooks:
nbdev
nbdev_build_docs
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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Avoid common version control con
fl
icts and
resolving them when they occur:
nbdev
nbdev_clean_nbs & nbdev_fix_merge
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/merge.html
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Automatically run tests on your notebooks:
nbdev
nbdev_test_nbs
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
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nbdev
$ nbdev_test_nbs
testing: card.ipynb
testing: deck.ipynb
All tests are passing!
Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/tutorial.html
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Continuous integration out-of-the-box
with git hooks and GitHub Actions
nbdev
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Conceptual shift
nbdev
⚠
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No content
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With nbdev, your source code, tests, and documentation
all live together in one place
nbdev
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
Code
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
Code
Docs
Docs
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Source: https://nbdev.fast.ai/example.html
Code
Tests
Docs
Docs
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"The magic of nbdev is that it doesn’t actually change
programming that much; you add a #export or #hide tag
to your notebook cells once in a while, and you run
nbdev_build_lib and nbdev_build_docs when you
fi
nish up your code.
Source: https://www.overstory.com/blog/how-nbdev-helps-us-structure-our-data-science-work
fl
ow-in-jupyter-notebooks
nbdev
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"The magic of nbdev is that it doesn’t actually change
programming that much; you add a #export or #hide tag
to your notebook cells once in a while, and you run
nbdev_build_lib and nbdev_build_docs when you
fi
nish up your code.
That’s it! There’s nothing new to learn, nothing to unlearn.
It’s just notebooks."
Source: https://www.overstory.com/blog/how-nbdev-helps-us-structure-our-data-science-work
fl
ow-in-jupyter-notebooks
nbdev
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“[nbdev] incentives us to write clear code, use proper Git
version control and document and test our codebase
continuously... [while] preserving the bene
fi
ts of having
interactive Jupyter notebooks in which it is easy to
experiment."
Source: https://www.overstory.com/blog/how-nbdev-helps-us-structure-our-data-science-work
fl
ow-in-jupyter-notebooks
nbdev
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“[nbdev] incentives us to write clear code, use proper Git
version control and document and test our codebase
continuously... [while] preserving the bene
fi
ts of having
interactive Jupyter notebooks in which it is easy to
experiment."
Source: https://www.overstory.com/blog/how-nbdev-helps-us-structure-our-data-science-work
fl
ow-in-jupyter-notebooks
nbdev
— Overstory
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Bonus Picks
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Visually compare notebook versions
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nbdime and ReviewNB
Visually compare notebook versions
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Source: https://nbdime.readthedocs.io
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Source: https://www.reviewnb.com/
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Run your favorite code quality tools on notebooks
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nbQA
Run your favorite code quality tools on notebooks
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$ nbqa black my_notebook.ipynb
reformatted my_notebook.ipynb
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 files reformatted.
Source: https://nbqa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples.html
nbQA
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Building and running data pipelines
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/use-cases/ml.html
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“We’re currently in the process of migrating all 10,000 of
the scheduled jobs running on the Net
fl
ix Data Platform to
use notebook-based execution…
Source: https://net
fl
ixtechblog.com/scheduling-notebooks-348e6c14cfd6
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“We’re currently in the process of migrating all 10,000 of
the scheduled jobs running on the Net
fl
ix Data Platform to
use notebook-based execution…
When we’re done, more than 150,000 [pipeline executions]
will be running through notebooks on our platform every
single day.”
Source: https://net
fl
ixtechblog.com/scheduling-notebooks-348e6c14cfd6
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“We’re currently in the process of migrating all 10,000 of
the scheduled jobs running on the Net
fl
ix Data Platform to
use notebook-based execution…
When we’re done, more than 150,000 [pipeline executions]
will be running through notebooks on our platform every
single day.”
Source: https://net
fl
ixtechblog.com/scheduling-notebooks-348e6c14cfd6
— Net
fl
ix (2018)
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ploomber
•Initial Release: 2020
•GitHub Stars: 2.3k 🌟
•GitHub: https://github.com/ploomber/ploomber
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What is it?
ploomber
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A framework to build and execute data pipelines
made out of Jupyter Notebooks
ploomber
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What do I have to do to use it?
ploomber
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Setup
• pip install ploomber or
conda install ploomber -c conda-forge
ploomber
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Setup
• pip install ploomber or
conda install ploomber -c conda-forge
• Initialize your git repository as a ploomber project:
ploomber
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Setup
• pip install ploomber or
conda install ploomber -c conda-forge
• Initialize your git repository as a ploomber project:
• ploomber scaffold --empty
ploomber
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Setup
• pip install ploomber or
conda install ploomber -c conda-forge
• Initialize your git repository as a ploomber project:
• ploomber scaffold --empty
• Add information about your pipeline to pipeline.yaml as you go
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when chunks of your code would make sense as
modular "tasks" in a data transformation work
fl
ow
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when chunks of your code would make sense as
modular "tasks" in a data transformation work
fl
ow
• Move the code for each task into its own dedicated notebook
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Start with exploratory programming in Jupyter Notebooks, as usual
• As you go, notice when chunks of your code would make sense as
modular "tasks" in a data transformation work
fl
ow
• Move the code for each task into its own dedicated notebook
• Next to your code cells, add rich explanatory text, images, example
expected output, and data quality checks
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Record information about your task notebooks in pipeline.yaml
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Record information about your task notebooks in pipeline.yaml
• Add a few variables to your task notebooks to de
fi
ne upstream
dependencies
ploomber
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Basic Usage
• Record information about your task notebooks in pipeline.yaml
• Add a few variables to your task notebooks to de
fi
ne upstream
dependencies
• Run your pipeline with ploomber build
ploomber
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
.ipynb
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
.ipynb .ipynb .ipynb
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pipeline.yaml
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
- source: clean.ipynb
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
- source: clean.ipynb
product:
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
- source: clean.ipynb
product:
nb: output/clean.ipynb
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
- source: clean.ipynb
product:
nb: output/clean.ipynb
data: output/clean_data.parquet
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
- source: clean.ipynb
product:
nb: output/clean.ipynb
data: output/clean_data.parquet
- source: plot.ipynb
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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pipeline.yaml
tasks:
# source is the code you want to execute
- source: raw.ipynb
# products are task's outputs
product:
# tasks generate executed notebooks as outputs
nb: output/raw.ipynb
# you can define as many outputs as you want
data: output/raw_data.csv
- source: clean.ipynb
product:
nb: output/clean.ipynb
data: output/clean_data.parquet
- source: plot.ipynb
product: output/plot.ipynb
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
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$ ploomber build
ploomber
Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/
fi
rst-pipeline.html
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$ ploomber build
Building task ‘raw': 0%| | 0/5 [00:00
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$ ploomber build
Building task ‘raw': 0%| | 0/5 [00:00
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$ ploomber build
Building task ‘raw': 0%| | 0/5 [00:00
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What's in it for me?
ploomber
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A human-friendly computational narrative
of every pipeline execution
ploomber
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“[W]e’ve gained a key improvement over a non-notebook
execution pattern: our input and outputs are complete documents,
wholly executable and shareable in the same interface.”
Source: https://net
fl
ixtechblog.com/scheduling-notebooks-348e6c14cfd6
— Net
fl
ix (2018)
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Interactive pipeline inspection and
debugging in Jupyter Notebooks
ploomber
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“Say something went wrong… How might we debug and
fi
x the
issue? The
fi
rst place we’d want to look is the notebook output. It
will have a stack trace, and ultimately any output information
related to an error…
Source: https://net
fl
ixtechblog.com/scheduling-notebooks-348e6c14cfd6
— Net
fl
ix (2018)
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“Say something went wrong… How might we debug and
fi
x the
issue? The
fi
rst place we’d want to look is the notebook output. It
will have a stack trace, and ultimately any output information
related to an error…
[W]e simply take the output notebook with our exact failed runtime
parameterizations and load it into a notebook server… With a few
iterations… we can quickly
fi
nd a
fi
x for the failure.
Source: https://net
fl
ixtechblog.com/scheduling-notebooks-348e6c14cfd6
— Net
fl
ix (2018)
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Incremental builds
ploomber
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/use-cases/ml.html
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/use-cases/ml.html
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Test each stage of your data pipeline
ploomber
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Modular pipelines →
collaborative development
ploomber
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/use-cases/ml.html
👩💻
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/use-cases/ml.html
👨💻
👩💻
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/use-cases/ml.html
👩💻
👨💻
🧑💻
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Automated deployment
to Air
fl
ow, AWS Batch, or Kubernetes
ploomber
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Bonus Pick
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Store Jupyter Notebooks as plain text
for easier version control
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jupytext
Store Jupyter Notebooks as plain text
for easier version control
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Source: https://docs.ploomber.io/en/latest/get-started/basic-concepts.html
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Creating interactive reports and dashboards
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voilà
•Initial Release: 2018
•GitHub Stars: 4.1k 🌟
•GitHub: https://github.com/voila-dashboards/voila
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What is it?
voilà
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A tool for serving Jupyter Notebooks
as clean, stand-alone web applications
voilà
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What do I have to do to use it?
voilà
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Not much!
voilà
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Setup
• pip install voila or conda install voila -c conda-forge
voilà
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Setup
• pip install voila or conda install voila -c conda-forge
• To serve a single notebook: voila my_notbook.ipynb
voilà
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Setup
• pip install voila or conda install voila -c conda-forge
• To serve a single notebook: voila my_notbook.ipynb
• To serve a whole directory of notebooks: voila
voilà
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Setup
• pip install voila or conda install voila -c conda-forge
• To serve a single notebook: voila my_notbook.ipynb
• To serve a whole directory of notebooks: voila
• Optionally specify a custom template:
voilà
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Setup
• pip install voila or conda install voila -c conda-forge
• To serve a single notebook: voila my_notbook.ipynb
• To serve a whole directory of notebooks: voila
• Optionally specify a custom template:
• voila my_notebook.ipynb --template=gridstack
voilà
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What's in it for me?
voilà
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Execute and serve Jupyter Notebooks
for end users
voilà
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Source: https://github.com/sysuin/covid-19-world-dashboard
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Source: https://github.com/sysuin/covid-19-world-dashboard
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Source: https://github.com/sysuin/covid-19-world-dashboard
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Interactive plots and widgets still work
voilà
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Source: https://github.com/dhaitz/machine-learning-interactive-visualization
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Source: https://github.com/dhaitz/machine-learning-interactive-visualization
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Customize the look and feel of your
dashboard with templates
voilà
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voilà
Source: https://github.com/voila-dashboards/voila-vuetify
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voilà
Source: https://github.com/voila-dashboards/voila-vuetify
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Long-running notebooks
voilà
⚠
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So, where does this leave us?
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A smoother path to production for
work that starts in Jupyter Notebooks
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• Software Libraries → nbdev projects
• Data Transformation Work
fl
ows → ploomber pipelines
• Reports and Dashboards → voilà dashboards
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Data science teams can own a project end-to-end in a
tool and environment they're already comfortable with
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Jupyter Notebooks become production artifacts
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We can retain the interactivity and computational narrative
strengths of Jupyter Notebooks, even in production settings
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Where to go from here?
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Jupyter in Production
Data Theoretic