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VISUAL
REGRESSION
TESTING
IN ACTION
Frontend Conference Fukuoka '19
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About me
w ݟ༸ีʢ!2VSBNZʣ
w ແ৬
w ։ൃิॿπʔϧΛ࡞Δͷ͕झຯ
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Agenda
w #BDLHSPVOE
w 5PPMTGPS735
w 735JOSFBMXPSME
w 4VNNBSZ
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BACKGROUND
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Viewͷςετɺॻ͍ͯ·͔͢ʁ
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How to test views?
w ͜ͷ6*ͷςετΛॻ͍ͯΈΑ͏ʂ
{{user.name}}
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Signup
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How to test views?
w ͜ͷ6*ͷςετΛॻ͍ͯΈΑ͏ʂ
{{user.name}}
![]()
Signup
DMBTT͕VTFSOBNFͰ͋Δ͜ͱ
VTFS໊͕ૠ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
63-͕όΠϯυ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
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How to test views?
w ͜ͷ6*ͷςετΛॻ͍ͯΈΑ͏ʂ
{{user.name}}
![]()
Signup
DMBTT͕VTFSOBNFͰ͋Δ͜ͱ
VTFS໊͕ૠ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
63-͕όΠϯυ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
VTFS͕OVMMͷͱ͖ɺCVUUPOλά͕ඳը͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
JNHλάͰ͋Δ͜ͱ
EJWλάͰ͋Δ͜ͱ
TQBOλάͰ͋Δ͜ͱ
ΩϦ͕ແ͍ʂ
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Problems
w Ͳ͜·ͰΞαʔγϣϯ͢Ε͍͍ͷʁ
w UFYUOPEF
ཁૉ໊
$44DMBTT໊ଐੑ
FUD
w ΞαʔγϣϯΛॆ࣮ͤ͞Δͱ
w ը໘༷͕มΘͬͨΒΞαʔγϣϯ͕յΕͯϝϯς͠ΜͲ͍
ʮ7JFXͷࣗಈςετίεύѱ͍͔Βը໘ͷςετਓྗͰʂʯ
ͱͳΔͱ࠷ѱ
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Snapshot testing
w ࠓճͷςετͰಘΒΕͨ%0.จࣈྻΛɺ࣍ճͷFYQFDUFEͱͯ͠ར༻͢Δख๏
ॳճࠩൃੜ࣌TOBQTIPUϑΝΠϧΛϨϏϡʔ͢Δ͜ͱͰ୲อ͢Δ
The latest snapshot(DOM string)
The actual snapshot(DOM string)
Update if snapshot is accepted
Assertion
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Pros/Cons
w 1SPT
w ಋೖ͕༰қɻ+FTUͳͲʹඪ४උ͞Ε͍ͯΔ
w $POT
w จࣈྻͰςετ͢Δ͜ͱʹҙຯ͕ͲΕ͚ͩ͋Δͷ͔ʁ
w ͦͦΤϯυϢʔβʔ$44DMBTT໊ʹڵຯ͕͋Δ༁Ͱͳ͍
w ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷ6*ͷఏڙͷͣͳͷʹɺݟͨΛςετ͠ͳͯ͘Α͍ͷ͔ʁ
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Visual regression testing
w จࣈྻͰͳ͘ɺඳը͞Εͨը૾ͦͷͷΛεφοϓγϣοτʹ͢Εɺʮݟͨʯ
ؚΊͯςετͰ͖ΔͷͰ
5IFMBUFTUTOBQTIPU 1/(*NBHF
5IFBDUVBMTOBQTIPU 1/(*NBHF
6QEBUFJGTOBQTIPUJTBDDFQUFE
Assertion
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Other motivations
w 6*ίϯϙʔωϯτͷ୯ମςετҎ֎ͷ༻్ʹɿ
w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯશମͰ$44͕յΕ͍ͯͳ͍͔ݕূΛߦ͍͍ͨ
w 4$44͔Βଞͷ$44QSFQSPDFTTPS҆શʹҠߦ͍ͨ͠
w FUD
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TOOLS FOR VRT
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What should I do?
w ెखۭݓͰ735ʹऔΓΉͷ݁ߏେมɻɻɻ
w ͦͦࡢࠓͷϑϩϯτͷελοΫ͕ෳࡶ
w 6*ϥΠϒϥϦ3FBDU
"OHVMBS
7VFKT
FUD
w ςεςΟϯάϥΠϒϥϦ4FMFOJVN
$ZQSFTTJP
,BSNB
+FTU
"WB
+BTNJOF
.PDIB
FUD
w $*5SBWJT$*
$JSDMF$*
8FSDLFS$*
(JU)VC"DUJPOT
(JUMBC$*
FUD
w 735ݕ౼࣌ɺࣗͨͪͷ։ൃελοΫʹ͍ͨπʔϧ͕ແ͔ͬͨͨΊɺࣗ࡞͢Δ͜ͱʹ
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reg-viz
w 735ʹऔΓΉաఔͰ࡞ͬͨπʔϧୡIUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[Ͱެ։த
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Separation of concern
w Ұؾʹશ෦ղܾ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δͱਏ͍
w ΤϯδχΞͷجຊʮΛখ͚͘͞ΔʯʹཱͪฦΔ
w 735ඞཁͳཁૉ
w ςετίʔυ͔Βը૾Λग़ྗ͢Δ
w ग़ྗ͞Εͨը૾Λൺֱ͢Δ
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ʮը૾ͷग़ྗʯฤ
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Weapon of choice
w େ͖͚ͯ͘௨Γ
w ࣮ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛΩϟϓνϟ͢Δύλʔϯ
w 4FMFOJVN$ZQSFTTJPɺ#SPXTFS4UBDLͳͲͰࣗಈԽεΫϦϓτΛ༻ҙʢ&&ʣ
w ը໘ͷύʔπຖʹΩϟϓνϟ͍ͯ͘͠ύλʔϯ
w 1VQQFUFFS,BSNBɺ/JHIUNBSFͱ֤ςεςΟϯάϥΠϒϥϦΛΈ߹Θ͍ͤͯ͘
w 4UPSZCPPL
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Why Storybook?
w 4UPSZCPPLͷར
w 3FBDU
7VFKT
"OHVMBS
3/ͳͲɺओཁͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕αϙʔτ͞Ε͍ͯΔ
w 4UPSZTIPUTʢ4UPSZCPPLʹ͓͚Δ%0.จࣈྻϕʔεͷεφοϓγϣοτςετπʔϧʣ
ͱͷซ༻Մೳ
w ςετҎ֎Ͱʹཱͭγʔϯ͕ଟ͍ಋೖͷ߹ҙΛಘ͍͢
w ը໘ͷΧλϩάͱͯ͠ར༻Մೳ
w ).3͕ޮ͘ͷͰɺ6*։ൃͦΕࣗମʹศར
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Storycap
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[TUPSZDBQ
w 4UPSZCPPL͔Β֤TUPSZΛ1/(ը૾Խ͢Δ$-*
w )FBEMFTT$ISPNFϥούͰ͋Δ1VQQFUFFSΛར༻
w TUPSZCPPLDISPNFTDSFFOTIPU[JTVJͱ͍͏ͪΐͬͱ͍͜͠ܦྺ
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Storycap: Demo
npx storycap https://storybookjs-next.now.sh/vue-kitchen-sink/
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Storycap features
w 4UPSZCPPLWWWΛαϙʔτ
w 6*'SBNFXPSLʢ3FBDU7VFKTʣʹґଘ͠ͳ͍
w 4UPSZCPPLͷ63-͍͑ͬͯ͞Εಈ͔ͤΔɻ͍ΘΏΔ[FSPDPOpHVSBUJPO
w 4UPSZCPPLBEEPOͱͯ͠ར༻͢Δ͜ͱͰΩϟϓνϟઃఆͷΧελϚΠζՄೳ
w ݁ߏ͍ʢͱࢥͬͯΔʣ
w ڥΞϓϦʹґଘ͢Δ͕ɺd
TUPSJFTʹରͯ͠ඵͰΩϟϓνϟྃ
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Suppress false positive
w 'BMTFQPTJUJWFʢِཅੑޡݕग़ʣͱ
w ຊདྷਖ਼͍͠ͷΛؒҧ͍ͱͯ͠ѻͬͯ͠·͏͜ͱɻཁΦΦΧϛগ
w ʮιʔείʔυΛม͍͑ͯͳ͍ͷʹΩϟϓνϟը૾ͷൺֱ࣌ʹ͕ࠩݕग़͞Εͯ͠·͏ʯ
Λແ͘͞ͳͯ͘ͳΒͳ͍
w จࣈྻϕʔεͷ4OBQTIPUςετͱൺֱͨ͠ͱ͖ʹɺ࣮ϒϥβΛ͏735ͷқ͕ߴ
͘ͳͬͯ͠·͏ཧ༝ͷͭ
w 4UPSZDBQͰ1VQQFUFFSͷ"1*ΛͬͯɺGBMTFQPTJUJWFΛ͙ΈΛೖΕ͍ͯΔ
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1. Turn off animation
w $44Ξχϝʔγϣϯڧ੍ఀࢭ
w +4ʹΑΔΞχϝʔγϣϯʢFHIJHIDIBSUT
3PUUJFͳͲʣϢʔβʔଆͰΓସ͑ͯΒ
͏͔͠ͳ͍
/* animation-off.css */
*, *::before, *::after {
transition: none !important;
animation: none !important;
}
page.addStyleTags({ path: 'animation-off.css' });
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2. Wait for assets loaded
w ը૾ϑΥϯτͳͲͷϦιʔεಡΈࠐΈྃલ
ʹΩϟϓνϟͯ͠͠·͏ͱɺGBMTFQPTJUJWFʹͳͬͯ͠·͏
w page.on('request')Λࢹ
w request.resourceType()Ͱ$ISPNF͕ผͨ͠Ϧιʔεछผ͕ࣄલʹΘ͔Δ
w ಛఆͷϦιʔελΠϓʢJNBHFͳͲʣʹ͍ͭͯɺͦͷϦΫΤετ͕͔ྃͨ͠Ͳ͏͔Λݕ
ূ͔ͯ͠ΒɺTDSFFOTIPUΛ࣮ߦ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͍ͯ͠Δ
w ϦιʔελΠϓΛݟ͓͔ͯͳ͍ͱɺTFSWFSTFOUFWFOUTʢFH4UPSZCPPLͷ).3ʣ
ͳͲɺʮྃ͠ͳ͍ʯϦΫΤετΛࢹ͠ଓ͚Δ͜ͱʹͳΔ
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3. Wait til metrics stabled
w .FUSJDT"1*ΛͰ$ISPNFSFOEFSJOHQJQFMJOFʹ͓͚Δॲཧ࣮ߦճ͕ܭଌ
w ۙͷϑϨʔϜͱଌఆΛൺֱ͕ͯࠩ͠ແ͘ͳ͔ͬͯΒTDSFFOTIPUΛ࣮ߦ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ
͍ͯ͠Δ
ʢ৭ͷ෦͕ఆৗ͔Ͳ͏͔ΛΔज़͕ͳ͍ͨΊɺͪΐͬͱෆશʣ
const { Nodes, RecalcStyleCount, LayoutCount } = await page.metrics();
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ʮը૾ͷൺֱʯฤ
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reg-cli
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[SFHDMJ
w SFHWJ[ͷதͰ࠷ݹ͍ύοέʔδ
w ը૾ΛؚΜͩσΟϨΫτϦಉ࢜ΛҾʹͱΓɺಉ໊ը૾ϑΝΠϧͷࠩൺֱΛߦ͏$-*
w ʮඞཁͳͷࣄલͱࣄޙͷը૾܈͚ͩʯͱ͍͏γϯϓϧ͕͞ಛ
npx reg-cli actural-img-dir expected-img-dir diff-img-dir
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Report UI
w -R ΦϓγϣϯΛ͚͓ͯ͘ͱɺൺֱ݁ՌΛϨϙʔτͱͯ͠ࢀরՄೳ
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Various ways to visualize diff
w 1JYFMEJ⒎Ҏ֎ʹɺ4XJQF
VQ
0OJPOTLJOOJOHͳͲ༷ʑͳൺֱํ๏Λఏڙ
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reg-suit
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[SFHTVJU
w SFHDMJΛճؼςετͷϫʔΫϑϩʔʹΈࠐΉͨΊͷϥούʔπʔϧ
w ۀͰॳΊͯSFHDMJΛͬͨͱ͖ɺपลͷγΣϧεΫϦϓτ͕ංେԽ͖ͯͯ͠Ϡόͦ
͏ͩͬͨͷͰɺϦϑΝΫλϦϯάΛ݉Ͷͯ044Խͨ͠ͷ
w ʮ$*4$.ʹґଘͤͣɺ൚༻తʹ͑ΔʯΛϞοτʔʹ࡞
w ࣮αʔϏεʢ(JU)VCͳͲʣͱ࿈ܞ͢Δ෦QMVHJOͱͯࠩ͠͠ࠐΊΔΑ͏ʹͯ͋͠Δ
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Automation via reg-suit
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Publishing images
w 735ʹऔΓΜͩॳɺ+FTUͳͲͱಉ͘͡ը૾ϑΝΠϧࣗମDPNNJUʹؚΊ͍͕ͯͨɺ
ςετ࣮ߦऀͷࠩҟͰେྔʹEJ⒎͕ੜ͡Δͱ͍͏ਏΈ͕͋ͬͨ
w $*Ͱੜ͞Εͨը૾ΛΫϥυʹอଘ͓͖ͯ͠ɺ࣍ճςετ࣌ʹμϯϩʔυ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ
ઃܭ
w Ϋϥυલఏʹͨ͜͠ͱʹΑΓɺࠩ༗ແʹؔΘΒͣϩʔΧϧͰը૾औಘΛճ͢ඞཁ͕
ແ͘ͳΔͱ͍͏ϝϦοτ͕෭࡞༻తʹಘΒΕͨ
w ݱঢ়ɺ"844($4Λอଘઌͱ͢ΔͨΊͷQMVHJOΛެ։த
w தʹ$JSDMF$*ͷBSUJGBDUTͱͯ͠อଘ͢Δ0SCΛ࡞͍ͯ͠Δऀ
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Workflow
w ࣮ߦ࣌ʹൺֱରͷDPNNJUΛಛఆ͠ɺετϨʔδ͔ΒFYQFDUFEը૾Λμϯϩʔυ
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GitHub integration
w SFHTVJUͷࠩൺֱྃ࣌ʹɺ(JU)VCͷ13ίϝϯτͱͯ͠௨Λߦ͏ػೳ
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GitHub integration
w ίϝϯτͷ˔˔˔˔˔ࠩͷ༰ʢɿࠩ༗ɺ੨ɿࠩͳ͠ɺനɿ৽نϑΝΠϧʣ
w ྫ͑ɺؙݸʮϑΝΠϧͰ͕ࠩੜ͍ͯ͡Δʯͱ͍͏ҙຯ
w നؙ͚ͩ૿͍͑ͯΔ߹ɺͨͩςετέʔε͕૿͚͑ͨͩͳͷͰتΜͰྑ͍
w ٯʹݸ͘Βؙ͍͕͋Δͱʮ͜Ε৺ͯ͠ϨϏϡʔ͠ͳ͍ͱʯͱ֮ޛΛܾΊͨΓ
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GitHub integration
w ͭͰࠩϑΝΠϧ͕͋ΕςετࣦഊͷՄೳੑ͕͋ΔͨΊɺ$PNNJU4UBUVTΛGBJMFE
ͱ͍ͤͯ͞Δ
w ϨϏϡΞ͕13Λঝೝ͢Δͱɺ$PNNJU4UBUVTΛ4VDDFFEFEʹมߋ
w εφοϓγϣοτςετͰ͋Γɺʮҙਤతͳࠩʯ͔Ͳ͏͔ϨϏϡʔ͕ඞཁ
w (JU)VC13ʹࠩ༗ແΛ௨͢Δ͜ͱͰɺ։ൃϑϩʔʹࣗવͳܗͰεφοϓγϣοτϨ
ϏϡʔΛࠩ͠ࠐΊΔ
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Review with images
w SFHDMJͷϨϙʔτը໘ʹ13ίϝϯτ͔ΒભҠՄೳͱ͍͏͜ͱʮϨϏϡΞ͕μΠϨΫτ
ʹը૾Λ֬ೝͰ͖Δʯͱ͍͏͜ͱ
w ʮͲͷΑ͏ͳݟͨͷมߋͳͷ͔ʯ͕ՄࢹԽ͞ΕΔͨΊɺϨϏϡʔͷෛՙ͕ܰݮ͞ΕΔ
w WJFXͷΈͷमਖ਼Ͱ͋ΕɺϩʔΧϧͰىಈ֬ೝ͢Δ·Ͱແ͘ͳΔɻͳΜͳΒ௨ۈதʹ
ిंͰϨϏϡʔྃ͢Δ͜ͱ͢Β͋Δ
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About us
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Maintainers
w SFHWJ[ͷϝϯόʔͱओͳ୲ൣғ
w !2VSBNZSFHTVJU
4UPSZDBQWͳͲ
w !CPLVXFCSFHDMJͷॳ൛
SFHTVJUͷFYQFDUFEDPNNJUݕग़෦ͳͲ
w !XBEBDLFM4UPSZDBQͷॳ൛
SFHDMJͷϨϙʔτ6*
SFHWJ[શମͷσβΠϯͳͲ
w 13ͳͲ͍ͭͰΣϧΧϜͰ͢ʂ
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Other tools
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[OPEFYDC
w $ISPNFΛIFBEMFTTͰಈ࡞ͤ͞ΔͨΊʹඞཁͳMJCYDCͳͲΛࣄલʹম͖͚ͨ
%PDLFSpMFɻ$*ͷCBTFΠϝʔδʹ͢Δͱศར
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[JNHEJ⒎KT
w /PEFKT͚ͩͰ݁ͯ͠ը૾ͷEJ⒎ੜ͕ߦ͑ΔϥΠϒϥϦɻSFHDJM͕ଆͰ͜ΕΛୟ
͍͍ͯΔ
w ࠷ॳظɺSFHDMJ͕JNBHFNBHJDLͷDPNQBSFίϚϯυʹґଘ͓ͯ͠Γɺ͜ΕΛണ͕͢
ͨΊʹ࣮
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Other tools
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFHWJ[YJNHEJ⒎KT
w ࠩϨϙʔτͰ༻͍͍ͯΔࠩՕॴͷϚʔΩϯά༻ͷϥΠϒϥϦɻ0QFO$7ͷہॴಛ
ྔͰը૾෦ͷύʔπͷҐஔมಈΛநग़͍ͯ͠Δ
w KTͱॻ͍͍ͯΔ͚Ͳɺ࣮ࡍ0QFO$7$ΛFNTDSJQUFOͰXBTNԽͨ͠
w ਪఆ͕͘ɺΘ͚Θ͔ΒΜදࣔʹͳΔ͜ͱ݁ߏଟ͍
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VRT IN REAL WORLD
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Users
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Users of reg-viz tools
w SFHWJ[ͷπʔϧΛಋೖͯ͘͠Ε͍ͯΔاۀʢΞϧϑΝϕοτॱɺࠓճܝࡌڐՄͬͨͱ͜ͷΈʣ
w 4NBSU)3ࣾQVCMJDSFQPӡ༻Ͱεΰ͍
w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNLVGVTNBSUISVJQVMM
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Users of reg-suit
w SFHTVJU͕(JU)VCίϝϯτͨ͠ճΛաڈϲ݄άϥϑԽ
w dສճ݄ສճ݄
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How many images tested
w ҰճͷςετͰฏۉdຕఔɻࡉ͔͍ϩάͰΈΔͱ
ຕҎ্ͷϢʔβʔ
ԜΜͰΔͷɻΓࣄͰΘΕΔέʔε͕ѹతͬΆ͍
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Performance
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Performance
w ۀͰճͷ13Ͱݕূରͷը૾͕
ຕΛ͑Δ͜ͱ
w ʮ735ͷ͍ͤͰ$*͕͍ʯͱͳΓ͕ͪ
w ࣗಈςετͰར༻͞ΕΔπʔϧ܈ͷͨΊɺ$*Ͱͷ࣮ߦ࣌ؒۃྗ͍ͨ͘͠
w ֤πʔϧͦΕͧΕͰɺߴԽͷΛ࣮ࢪ͍ͯ͠Δ
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Tuning: Storycap
w
ຕͷੈքͰʮը૾ͷൺֱʯΑΓʮը૾ͷੜʯ͕ࢧత
w 1VQQFUFFSͷϓϩηεΛฒྻՔಇͤͯ͞$16Λ༡ͤͳ͍
w খωλ
1VQQFUFFSͰ1BHFΛෳ࡞ͬͯ5$1ίωΫγϣϯ੍ݶͷ߹্ɺMPBE
BWFSBHF͕Ք͛ͳ͍ɻ#SPXTFSຖฒྻԽ͢Δํ͕݁Ռͱͯ͠ޮత
w 4UPSZͷΓସ͑JGSBNFʹQPTUNFTTBHF͢Δ
w 4UPSZCPPLͷXFCQBDLʹCVOEMF͞Εͨ+BWB4DSJQUͷධՁ͕Ұ͚ͩʹͳΔ
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CVOEMF͞ΕͨKTͷධՁ͚ͩͰNTFDҎ্͍͔࣋ͬͯΕΔ
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Tuning: reg-cli
w $-*ຊମ
w ը૾ͷNEϋογϡ͕Ұகͨ͠߹ɺϐΫηϧൺֱΛߦΘͳ͍Α͏ʹ͍ͯ͠Δ
w 3FQPSU6*
ຕͰαΫαΫݟΕΔΑ͏ʹ
w ը૾ͷԆϩʔυʢ*OUFSTFDUJPO0CTFSWFSMPBEJOHMB[Z
w 4($4ͷը૾(&5ճ͕࠷খԽ͞ΕΔͷͰɺ͓ࡒʹ༏͍͠
w ԾεΫϩʔϧʢࣗલ࣮ʣ
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No content
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Your responsibilities
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Your responsibilities
w 4UPSZDBQ
SFHDMJSFHTVJUΛಋೖ͢Εɺ735Λ࣮ݱ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͖Δ
w ʢ735ʹݶͬͨͰແ͍͚ΕͲʣπʔϧΛಋೖ͓ͯ͠ऴ͍ɺͱ͍͏༁͡Όͳ͍
w Ή͠ΖΑ͏͘ελʔτʹཱ͚ͬͨͩ
ʮͪΌΜͱςετΛճ͍ͯ͘͠ʯͷ։ൃνʔϜͷ
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Scaffolding
w εφοϓγϣοτςετͰ͋ͬͯɺςετίʔυΛॻ͔ͶԿ࢝·Βͳ͍
w ίϯϙʔωϯτ࡞࣌ʹରͱͳΔςετίʔυʢ4UPSZCPPLʣͷܗੜ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ
ڥΛ͓͑ͯ͘ͱΑ͍
w TDB⒎PMEJOHʹ͑Δ/1.QBDLBHFT
w !BOHVMBSEFWLJUTDIFNBUJDTIUUQTHJUIVCDPNBOHVMBSBOHVMBSDMJCMPC
NBTUFSQBDLBHFTBOHVMBS@EFWLJUTDIFNBUJDT
w TDB⒎EPHIUUQTHJUIVCDPNDBUTPTTTDB⒎EPH
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Scaffolding
w TDIFNBUJDTͰͷTUPSJFTUTYͷྫɿ
import React from 'react';
import { storiesOf } from '@storybook/react';
import { action } from '@storybook/addon-actions';
import <%= classify(name) %>, { Props } from './<%= classify(name) %>';
const stories = storiesOf('<%= target %>/components/<%= classify(name) %>', module);
const props: Props = {
};
stories.add('<%= classify(name) %>', () => <<%= classify(name) %> {...props} />);
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Separate presentation
w WJFXͷঢ়ଶςετίʔυ͔Β੍ޚͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͓ͯ͘͠͠
w MPDBMTUBUFʢ3FBDUͰ͍͏ͱ͜ΖͷVTF4UBUFʣʹཔΓ͗͢ͳ͍ɻଞͷ6*ϑϨʔϜϫʔ
ΫͰ$PNQPOFOUQSJWBUFͳϑΟʔϧυΛ͑Δ͕ɺ͜ΕΒͷѻ͍৻ॏʹ
w ίϯϙʔωϯτͷݟͨQSPQTͰมߋͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͓ͯ͘͠
w TUBUF3FEVYʢPS/H3Y
7VFYʣͷTUPSFʹΓग़ͯ͠ɺςετ࣌ϞοΫΛ%*Ͱ͖
ΔΑ͏ʹ͓ͯ͘͠
w 4UPSZCPPLͰ͋Εɺ%FDPSBUPSΛ༻ҙͯ͠1SPWJEFSΛט·͓ͤͯ͘ɺͳͲ
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No side effect
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No new Date() !
˞!OPCVIJLPTBXBJʹڐՄͬͯܝࡌ
͓Θ͔ΓͩΖ͏͔
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Keep your view testable
w ςελϏϦςΟͷҡ͕࣋։ൃऀͷͰ͋Δͷ735Ұॹ
w ʮݱࡏ࣌ࠁ͕ؔΘΔϢχοτςετ͔Βɺςετ༰қੑઃܭΛֶͿʯ
IUUQTUXBEBIBUFOBCMPHKQFOUSZEFTJHOGPSUFTUBCJMJUZ
w ίϯϙʔωϯτͷςετʹ͖ͪΜͱ͖߹͏͜ͱɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷઃܭʹͪΌ
Μͱ͖߹͏ͷͱಉٛ
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SUMMARY
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Summary
w 735ͪΌΜͱճ͢ͱελΠϧ·ͰݕূͰ͖Δ
w 4UPSZCPPL͔ͭͬͯΔͷͰ͋Εɺ4UPSZDBQ͏ͱ͍͍ͱࢥ͏
w SFHTVJU SFHDMJ
ը૾ͷൺֱʹಛԽͨ͠πʔϧ
w 7JFXͷςετΛ͍͢͠Α͏ʹྗଵΒͣʹʂ
w ςετʹ͖߹͏͜ͱઃܭ%9ͷ্ʹͭͳ͕Δ
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Thank you !