Swiftにおけるインポートとリンクの仕組みを探る

by Kishikawa Katsumi

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Swiftʹ͓͚ΔΠϯϙʔτͱ ϦϯΫͷ࢓૊ΈΛ୳Δ

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ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ • SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖ΔϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ • ֤ܗࣜͷҧ͍ͱಛ௃ • Πϯϙʔτͱ͸Կ͔ • ϥΠϒϥϦΛImport͢ΔͨΊʹඞཁͳ͜ͱ • ϦϯΫͱ͸Կ͔ • ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢ΔͨΊʹඞཁͳ͜ͱ

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ϚχϡΞϧͰઃఆ XcodeͷػೳΛར༻͢Δ CocoaPods, CarthageΛར༻͢Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷར༻ํ๏

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ϚχϡΞϧͰઃఆ XcodeΛར༻͢Δ CocoaPods, CarthageΛར༻͢Δ ໰୊ղܾͷ೉қ౓ Hard Easy

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ϚχϡΞϧͰઃఆ XcodeΛར༻͢Δ CocoaPods, CarthageΛར༻͢Δ ໰୊ղܾͷ೉қ౓ Hard Easy

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ͳͥΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʹ͍ͭͯ ஌Δඞཁ͕͋Δͷ͔ • ιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃͰ֎෦ͷϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻͢ΔͨΊ • ϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻͠ͳ͍͜ͱ͸ͳ͍ʢe.g. UIKitʣ • ϥΠϒϥϦͷར༻ऀͱͯ͠ɺར༻ʹ·ͭΘΔτϥϒϧΛղܾͰ ͖Δ • ϥΠϒϥϦͷ࡞੒ऀͱͯ͠ɺ഑෍ͷํ๏Λٕज़తʹ൑அͰ͖Δ • ϦϯΫͷઃఆ͸ར༻ऀ͕΍Δ΋ͷͳͷͰར༻ऀͷεΩϧͷ޲্ ͸ɺ࡞੒ऀɾར༻ऀͱ΋ʹϋοϐʔʹͳΔɻ

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ͳͥΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ͕ ೉͍͠ͷ͔ • ϥΠϒϥϦ͸ݟͨ໨Ͱ൑அͰ͖ͳ͍ҧ͍͕େ͖͍ • SwiftͰ͸IDE΍ίϯύΠϥʢυϥΠόʔʣʹΑΔ҉໧తͳॲཧ͕ ଟ͍ • ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ͸ಉ࣌ʹղܾ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹΈ͑Δ͕ɺ࣮ࡍʹ ͸̎ͭʢҎ্ʣͷҟͳΔϑΣʔζͱϓϩηε • Τϥʔ͕ىͬͨ͜ͱ͖ɺද૚ͷΤϥʔϝοηʔδ͔Β͸ݪҼ͕ಡ ΈऔΕͳ͍ • ಉ͡ΤϥʔϝοηʔδͰ΋ݪҼ͸͞·͟·

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ͳͥΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ͕ ೉͍͠ͷ͔ • ൚༻తͳ஌ࣝͱXcode΍Swiftݻ༗ͷ஌ࣝͷ྆ํ͕ඞཁ • ݕࡧ͢ΔͱࣅͨΤϥʔϝοηʔδͷؔ܎ͳ͍࿩͕ͲΜͲΜ ग़ͯ͘Δ • Java΍RubyɺJavaScriptͳͲ͸VMͰಈ͘ͷͰωΠςΟϒ ίʔυͱͷϦϯΫΛΑΓ΋ચ࿅͞Εͨ࢓૊Έ͕͋Γɺͦ ͕͜τϥϒϧʹͳΔ͜ͱ͸গͳ͍

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࣮͸Τϥʔͷύλʔϯ͸গͳ͍

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࣮͸Τϥʔͷύλʔϯ͸গͳ͍

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࣮͸Τϥʔͷύλʔϯ͸গͳ͍

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ࠓ೔ͷ࿩ͰಘΒΕΔ͜ͱ • ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜʹؔ͢Δ஌ࣝ • ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫͷ஌ࣝ • ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʹ·ͭΘΔτϥϒϧղܾͷೳྗ جૅ Ԡ༻ • ϥΠϒϥϦ࡞੒ʹ͓͚Δ഑෍ܗଶͷٕज़൑அ • ύοέʔδϚωʔδϟͷߴ౓ͳར༻

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ϥΠϒϥϦʹ͍ͭͯ

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ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ֤ܗࣜͷҧ͍ͱಛ௃

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ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϦϯΫͱ͸

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ (e.g. UIKit.framework, RxSwift.framework) μΠφϛοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ (e.g. libsqlite3.dylib, libz.dylib) ελςΟοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ (e.g. libssl.a, libcrypto.a)

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ μΠφϛοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ μΠφϛοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ ελςΟοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ ελςΟοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ϞδϡʔϧΛؚΉμΠφϛοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ μΠφϛοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ ελςΟοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ ϞδϡʔϧΛؚ·ͳ͍μΠφϛοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϞδϡʔϧΛؚΉελςΟοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϞδϡʔϧΛؚ·ͳ͍ελςΟοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ✖

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ✖

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ✖ ✖

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SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ ✖

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ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔Γʹ͍͘ ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϥΠϒϥϦ μΠφϛοΫ ελςΟοΫ Swift Objective-C C Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠ ✖ ✖ ✖ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ✖

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ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍ ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϥΠϒϥϦ μΠφϛοΫ ελςΟοΫ Swift Objective-C C Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠ ✖ ✖ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ✖ ✖

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ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍ ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϥΠϒϥϦ μΠφϛοΫ ελςΟοΫ Swift Objective-C C Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠ ✖ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ✖ ✖ ✖

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ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍ ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϥΠϒϥϦ μΠφϛοΫ ελςΟοΫ Swift Objective-C C Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖

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ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍ ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϥΠϒϥϦ μΠφϛοΫ ελςΟοΫ Swift Objective-C C Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖

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ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍ ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ϥΠϒϥϦ μΠφϛοΫ ελςΟοΫ Swift Objective-C C Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͱ ϥΠϒϥϦͷҧ͍

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͱϥΠϒϥϦͷҧ͍ όϯυϧΛ࣋ͭ όϯυϧΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ όϯυϧΛ࣋ͨͳ͍

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όϯυϧͱ͸ʁ Appόϯυϧ Projectόϯυϧ Settingsόϯυϧ Frameworkόϯυϧ

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όϯυϧͱ͸ʁ

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ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ

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ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ Static Library (*.a) Static Framework (*.framework) Dynamic Framework (*.framework) Dynamic Library (*.dylib)

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ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ ίϯύΠϧ Static Linking

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μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ ίϯύΠϧ Dynamic Linking

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ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ ʓʓ.app ××.app

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ελςΟοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔ μΠφϛοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔Λௐ΂Δ $ file Usage: file [-bcCdEhikLlNnprsvzZ0] [--apple] [--extension] [--mime-encoding] [--mime-type] [-e ] [-F ] [-f ] [-m ] [-P ] ... file -C [-m ] file [--help] file ίϚϯυ

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ελςΟοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔ μΠφϛοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔Λௐ΂Δ $ file Logger.framework/Logger Logger.framework/Logger: Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures: [x86_64:Mach-O 64-bit x86_64 dynamically linked shared library,... [arm64:Mach-O 64-bit arm64 dynamically linked shared library,...

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όϯυϧ༗Γ όϯυϧແ͠ ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ Static Library Static Framework Dynamic Library Dynamic Framework

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ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ

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ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϦϯΫͱ͸

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Πϯϙʔτ • ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦʢࣗ෼͕ॻ͍ͨίʔυҎ֎ʣΛࣗ෼ͷ ίʔυϕʔεͰར༻Մೳʹ͢Δߏจɾݴޠػೳ • ϥΠϒϥϦ͕ެ։͍ͯ͠ΔγϯϘϧʢΫϥεɾؔ਺ͳͲʣ Λࣗ෼ͷίʔυͰࢀরͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ • ֤ϑΝΠϧʢίϯύΠϧ୯ҐʣΛίϯύΠϧ͢Δ࣌఺Ͱղ ܾ͞ΕΔ

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ϦϯΫ • ιʔείʔυΛίϯύΠϧͯ͠ੜ੒͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτ ϑΝΠϧɺ͓Αͼ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦΛ͢΂ͯ࿈݁ʢϦϯΫʣ ͯ̍ͭ͠ͷ࣮ߦܗࣜϑΝΠϧɺ͋Δ͍͸ϥΠϒϥϦΛੜ੒ ͢Δ • ϦϯΧ͕ߦ͏ • ͢΂ͯͷιʔείʔυΛίϯύΠϧͨ͠ޙʹߦΘΕΔ • ͢΂ͯͷγϯϘϧ͕ղܾ͞ΕΔ

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࣮ࡍʹ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΑ͏

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻͢Δ Ұൠతʢ҉໧తʣͳํ๏

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XcodeΛ࢖ͬͯ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦΛ ར༻Մೳʹ͢Δ

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Xcode͸҉໧తʹ ԿΛ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔

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Updated on Xcode 11

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Xcode͕ઃఆ͢Δ΋ͷ • FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHSʹϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕͋Δ σΟϨΫτϦͷ਌σΟϨΫτϦΛ௥Ճ • Linked Framework and LibrariesʹϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ௥Ճ • Build PhaseʹCopy Files PhaseΛ௥Ճͯ͠ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ΛΞϓϦέʔγϣϯόϯυϧͷFrameworksσΟϨΫτϦ ʹίϐʔ͢Δ

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FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHSΛ ௐ΂Δ

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ফͯ͠ΈΔ

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ΠϯϙʔτͰΤϥʔ

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Copy Files PhaseΛ ௐ΂Δ

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Automatic Linking

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Automatic LinkingΛ ແޮʹ͢Δ

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-disable-autolink-framework

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Import == Link Automatic Linking

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ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϦϯΫͱ͸

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ

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Ϟδϡʔϧ

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Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϦϯΫͱ͸

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Ϟδϡʔϧ

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BUILD_LIBRARY_FOR_DISTRIBUTION = YES

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ϞδϡʔϧʢSwiftҎ֎ʣ

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ಠࣗϞδϡʔϧΛఆٛ͢Δ

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Module MapϑΝΠϧͷྫ

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Bridging Headerͱͷҧ͍ • Module Map͸Bridging Headerͷ্Ґޓ׵ • Bridging Header͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯλʔήοτͰ͔͠࢖ ͑ͳ͍ʢϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ։ൃͰ͸࢖͑ͳ͍ʣ • Bridging Header͸άϩʔόϧʹ࡞༻͢ΔͷͰඞཁͳͱ͜ ͱ͚ͩͰImport͢Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ϓϩδΣΫτʹObjective-CͷϑΝΠϧ͕ࠞ͟Δ৔߹ʹͩ ͚࢖͏ͷ͕Α͍ʢͦͷ৔߹Ͱ΋Module Map͸࢖͑Δʣ

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Ϟδϡʔϧͷ໾ׂ • Swift͕ϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸Ϟδϡʔϧ͕ඞ ཁʢʹΠϯϙʔτ͸Ϟδϡʔϧ͚ͩ͋Ε͹ྑ͍ʣ • PublicͳAPIͷએݴ • Objective-C/CͷϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸ɺϔο μϑΝΠϧ (.h) ΛModulemapͰϞδϡʔϧʹม׵͢Δ • Swift੡ͷϥΠϒϥϦͰ͸Ϟδϡʔϧ͸ίϯύΠϥ͕ࣗಈ తʹੜ੒͢Δ

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Module Stability

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https://forums.swift.org/t/plan-for-module-stability/14551 Module Stability

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ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸ import Logger Logger Logger

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ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸ FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS Modules import Logger Logger Logger

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ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸ import Marketo Marketo Marketo

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ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸ SWIFT_INCLUDE_PATHS module.modulemap import Marketo Marketo Marketo

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ϦϯΫ

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ϦϯΫͱ͸ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϦϯΫͱ͸

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ϦϯΫͱ͸ • ίϯύΠϧͰੜ੒͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτϑΝΠϧͱϥΠϒϥ ϦʢΦϒδΣΫτϑΝΠϧͷू߹ʣΛ̍ͭʹ࿈݁ʢϦϯ Ϋʣ͢Δ • ίϯύΠϧͰੜ੒͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτϑΝΠϧͷϦϯΫ͸ ࣦഊ͠ͳ͍ͷͰɺΤϥʔ͕ى͜Δͱͨ͠Β֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦ ͱͷϦϯΫ

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ϦϯΫͱ͸ ίϯύΠϧ Static Linking ίϯύΠϧ Dynamic Linking

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸ʢXcodeʣ

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸ • FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHSʹϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕͋Δ σΟϨΫτϦͷ਌σΟϨΫτϦΛࢦఆ͢Δ • OTHER_LDFLAGSʹ-framework ͱࢦఆ͢Δ  ʢe.g. -framework RxSwift, -framework "Alamofire"ʣ

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ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸ • ϥΠϒϥϦͷ͋ΔσΟϨΫτϦͷ਌σΟϨΫτϦΛ LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHSʹࢦఆ͢Δ • OTHER_LDFLAGSʹ-lͱࢦఆ͢Δ  ʢe.g. -lsqlite3, -l"crypto"ʣ • ϥΠϒϥϦ໊ͷϧʔϧ  ʢlibsqlite3.dylib => sqlite3 ɹlibssl.a => sslʣ

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸ libssl.a FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS OTHER_LDFLAGS = -framework "RxSwift" -l"ssl" RxSwift

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸

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ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ͕ Ұக͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ iOS Simulator x86_64 iOS Device arm7v iOS Device arm64 .app iOS Device arm64 ❌ ❌ ✅

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αʔνύεΛม਺Խ͢Δ

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CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR αʔνύεΛม਺Խ͢Δ CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR BUILD_DIR CONFIGURATION EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME .../Build/Products Debug -iphoneos FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS = "$(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR)/Firebase" e.g.

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Universal (Fat) Binary https://darkdonno.wordpress.com/2010/11/06/a-look-at-mach-o/

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Universal Binary (lipo) $ xcrun lipo -create <...> <...> -output <...>

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Universal Binary (lipo) $ xcrun lipo -info <...>

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Universal Binary (Carthage)

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XCFramework

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μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ৔߹

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μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ৔߹ @executable_path/Frameworks OTHER_LDFLAGS = -framework "RxSwift" @loader_path @rpath

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໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸ ϦϯΫͱ͸

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໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ YESʢϦϯΫͷΤϥʔʣ Q1 ϦϯΫΤϥʔͰ͔͢ʁ NOʢΠϯϙʔτͷΤϥʔʣ

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໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ YESʢ*.frameworkʣ Q2 Πϯϙʔτ͠Α͏ͱ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͸ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͰ͔͢ʁ NOʢ*.aʣ

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໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ YES Q3 ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹϞδϡʔϧ͸ ؚ·Ε͍ͯ·͔͢ʁ NO

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໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ A αʔνύε͕ਖ਼͍͔֬͠ೝ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞

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యܕతͳΤϥʔ

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యܕతͳΤϥʔ

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యܕతͳΤϥʔ

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యܕతͳΤϥʔ

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యܕతͳΠϯϙʔτΤϥʔ • αʔνύε͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔ • Ϟδϡʔϧ͕ͳ͍ • Module Mapʹॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔϔομ͕ࢀরͰ͖ͳ͍ • Swift 5.0·Ͱ͸όʔδϣϯͷҧ͏ίϯύΠϥͰϏϧυͨ͠Ϟ δϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτͰ͖ͳ͍ • ModuleMapͷ໊લ͕ϧʔϧ͔Β֎Ε͍ͯΔ  -Xcc -fmodule-map-file="....modulemap"

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యܕతͳϦϯΫΤϥʔ • αʔνύε͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔ • ର৅ͷΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷόΠφϦ͕Ϗϧυ͞Εͯͳ ͍ • dyld: image not found • μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕ίϐʔ͞Εͯͳ͍ • େจࣈখจࣈͷҧ͍ • Swift 4.2·Ͱ͸όʔδϣϯͷҧ͏ίϯύΠϥͰϏϧυͨ͠όΠφϦΛ ϦϯΫͰ͖ͳ͍

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ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕ݟ͔ͭΒͳ͍ • xcrun lipo -info ... • CocoaPodsΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔͳΒ͢΂ͯͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕ Ϗϧυ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔ • Ϗϧυߏ੒ͷ໰୊

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Ԡ༻ฤ

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CϥΠϒϥϦʹґଘʢϦϯΫʣ͢Δ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ࡞੒͢Δ 1. ར༻ऀ͕ࣗ෼ͰCϥΠϒϥϦͷϦϯΫΛઃఆ͢Δ 2. ར༻ऀ͔Β͸CϥΠϒϥϦͷଘࡏ͸Ӆ͍ͨ͠

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CocoaPodsΛϫʔΫεϖʔεʹ ౷߹ͤͣʹ࢖༻͢Δ • CocoaPods͕αʔνύε΍ϦϯΧϑϥάࣗಈઃఆ͢Δػ ೳΛ࢖Θͣʹɺࣗ෼Ͱ֤ϥΠϒϥϦΛϏϧυ͠ϦϯΫͷ ઃఆΛ͢Δɻ  ϫʔΫεϖʔεʹCocoaPodsͷઃఆ͕ࠞ͟Βͣʹॊೈ͔ ͭγϯϓϧʹར༻Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ͕ϝϦοτɻ

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CarthageͰϏϧυͤͣʹ ϓϩδΣΫτࢀরͰ؅ཧ͢Δ • Carhage͸ϢχόʔαϧόΠφϦΛࣗಈతʹϏϧυͯ͘͠ ΕΔ͕ɺσόοά͠ʹ͍͘ͳͲσϝϦοτ΋͋ΔͷͰɺϏ ϧυͤͣʹϓϩδΣΫτͷνΣοΫΞ΢τ͚ͩͯ͠ར༻͢ Δɻ

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ෳ਺ͷμΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ ̍ͭͷϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹ౷߹͢Δ • μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕૿͑ͯ͘Δͱىಈ࣌ؒʹӨ ڹΛ༩͑Δʢdyld2ͷ৔߹ʣ  ͦͷͨΊ֤ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛελςΟοΫϦϯΫͯ͠ɺ̍ ͭͷେ͖ͳμΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹ͢Δ • Ϟδϡʔϧ͸ݩͷ෼͔Εͨঢ়ଶͰࢀর͢ΔͱศརʢΠϯ ϙʔτ͸ίϯύΠϧ͚࣌ͩͳͷͰϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷߏ଄ͱ ঢ়ଶ͕ҟͳͬͯ΋໰୊ͳ͍ʣ

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Recap • Πϯϙʔτ͸ϞδϡʔϧΛࣗ෼ͷίʔυϕʔεͰར༻Մೳ ʹ͢Δ • ϦϯΫ͸͢΂ͯͷϑΝΠϧͷίϯύΠϧޙɺΦϒδΣΫτ ϑΝΠϧͱϥΠϒϥϦΛ݁߹͢Δ • αʔνύεͱίϯύΠϥϑϥάͰίϯτϩʔϧ • ίϯύΠϥͱϦϯΧ͸ίϯϐϡʔλαΠΤϯεͷͲਅΜத • ௿ϨΠϠʔΛ୳ࡧָ͍ͯ͘͠͠͞

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Reference • Creation of pure Swift module  https://railsware.com/blog/creation-of-pure-swift-module/ • Mach-O Universal / Fat Binaries – Symbol Crash  https://www.symbolcrash.com/2019/02/26/mach-o-universal-fat-binaries/ • Parsing Mach-O ﬁles - Low Level Bits  https://lowlevelbits.org/parsing-mach-o-ﬁles/ • Swift Imports  https://thoughtbot.com/blog/swift-imports

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Reference • Static and Dynamic Libraries  https://pewpewthespells.com/blog/static_and_dynamic_libraries.html • Framework vs Library (Cocoa, iOS) – Knowledge Stack  http://www.knowstack.com/framework-vs-library-cocoa-ios/ • Static linking vs dyld3  https://allegro.tech/2018/05/Static-linking-vs-dyld3.html • Understanding Xcode Build System  https://www.vadimbulavin.com/xcode-build-system/

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Reference • Static and Dynamic Libraries and Frameworks in iOS  https://www.vadimbulavin.com/static-dynamic-frameworks-and-libraries/ • Static Library, Dynamic Library and Framework in iOS  https://medium.com/@arkilis/static-library-dynamic-library-and-framework-in-ios-df137f29a3e9 • Dynamic Versus Static Framework in iOS - CA for Developers  https://www.ca.com/en/blog-developers/dynamic-versus-static-framework-in-ios.html • Overview: iOS Static and Dynamic Frameworks and Libraries  https://www.runtastic.com/blog/en/frameworks-ios/

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Reference • Undocumented Mac OS Xɿୈ12ճɹUniversal Binaryʲલฤʳ (1/5)  https://www.itmedia.co.jp/enterprise/articles/0711/30/news014.html • Undocumented Mac OS Xɿୈ13ճɹUniversal Binaryʲޙฤʳ (1/4)  https://www.itmedia.co.jp/enterprise/articles/0712/27/news012.html